Palatine P 3.I

The German steam locomotives of Palatine Class P 3^I were operated by the Palatinate Railway and were the first engines in Germany with a 4-4-2 (Atlantic) wheel arrangement. The two-cylinder saturated steam locomotives with inside cylinders had in addition to an inside bar frame a characteristic outer frame for the rear part of the locomotive, that partly covered the driving wheels. The valve gear was of the Joy type.

Palatine P 3I DRG Class 14.1
P 3I No. 119 von Neuffer (Krauss 5201 of 1904)
Type and origin Power type Steam Builder Lokomotivfabrik Krauss & Comp. Serial number 3755–3760, 4076, 4238–4239, 4355–4356, 5201 Build date 1898–1904[1] Total produced 12 Rebuild date 1913
Specifications Configuration: ​  • Whyte 4-4-2  • UIC 2′B1′ n2, later 2′B1′ n4v Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) Leading dia. 950 mm (3 ft 1+1⁄2 in) Driver dia. 1,980 mm (6 ft 6 in) Trailing dia. 950 mm (3 ft 1+1⁄2 in) Wheelbase new: 14,800 mm (48 ft 6+3⁄4 in) rebuilt: 15,125 mm (49 ft 7+1⁄2 in)  • Engine new: 8,700 mm (28 ft 6+1⁄2 in) rebuilt: 9,025 mm (29 ft 7+1⁄4 in) Length 19,070 mm (62 ft 6+3⁄4 in) over buffers Axle load 15.0 t (14.8 long tons; 16.5 short tons) Adhesive weight 30.0 t (29.5 long tons; 33.1 short tons) Service weight 59.6 t (58.7 long tons; 65.7 short tons) Tender type 3 T 16 Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 6 tonnes (5.9 long tons; 6.6 short tons) Water cap. 16.0 m3 (3,500 imp gal; 4,200 US gal) Firebox:  • Firegrate area 2.81 m2 (30.2 sq ft) Boiler: ​  • Tube plates 4,650 mm (15 ft 3 in) Boiler pressure 13 bar (13.3 kgf/cm2; 189 lbf/in2) Heating surface new: 171.73 m2 (1,848.5 sq ft) rebuilt: 168.62 m2 (1,815.0 sq ft)  • Tubes new: 160.80 m2 (1,730.8 sq ft) rebuilt: 157.69 m2 (1,697.4 sq ft)  • Firebox 10.93 m2 (117.6 sq ft) Cylinders Two inside, later four compound Cylinder size new: 490 mm × 570 mm (19+5⁄16 in × 22+7⁄16 in) High-pressure cylinder rebuilt: 360 mm × 570 mm (14+3⁄16 in × 22+7⁄16 in) Low-pressure cylinder rebuilt: 580 mm × 630 mm (22+13⁄16 in × 24+13⁄16 in)
Performance figures Maximum speed 100 km/h (62 mph)
Career Numbers Pfalz: 221–226, 93, 227–230, 119 DRG: 14 101–105 Retired 1926

In 1898 and 1899 Krauss initially built eleven locomotives; in 1904 a twelfth followed that was equipped with a Pielock superheater. Although the P 3^I locomotivess met their intended performance criteria, they were soon overtaxed by increasingly long trains.

The Palatinate Railway decided therefore on an unusual conversion: in 1913 the two-cylinder engine was converted into a four-cylinder compound engine by the addition of two outside cylinders, the inner ones becoming the high-pressure cylinders. However they did not achieve the higher performance required, just a lower fuel consumption of around 15%.

The Deutsche Reichsbahn took over five of these locomotives as DRG Class 14.1 with numbers 14 101 to 14 105, but by 1926 they were retired from service. Also grouped into Class 14.1 were the Bavarian S 2/5s.

The locomotives were equipped with tenders of the Bavarian Class 3 T 16.