Pallid swift

The pallid swift (Apus pallidus) is a swift (order Apodiformes). Swifts have very short legs which they use only for clinging to vertical surfaces. The genus name Apus is Latin for a swift, thought by the ancients to be a type of swallow with no feet (from Ancient Greek α, a, "without", and πούς, pous, "foot"), and pallidus is Latin for "pale".[2] They never settle voluntarily on the ground. Swifts spend most of their lives in the air, living on the insects they catch in their beaks. They drink on the wing.

Pallid swift
Flying in Greece
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Class: Aves
Clade: Strisores
Order: Apodiformes
Family: Apodidae
Genus: Apus
Species:
A. pallidus
Binomial name
Apus pallidus
(Shelley, 1870)
Eggs of Apus pallidus

Taxonomy

The pallid swift was first described by English naturalist George Ernest Shelley in 1870.

Description

This 16–17 cm (6.3–6.7 in) long species is very similar to the common swift, and separation is only possible with good views. Like its relative, it has a short forked tail and very long swept-back wings that resemble a crescent or a boomerang.

It is entirely dark except for a large white throat patch which is frequently visible from a distance. It is chunkier and browner than common swift, and the slightly paler flight feathers, underparts and rump give more contrast than that species. It also has a scalier looking belly and subtly different flight action. The call is a loud dry scream similar to that of its relative, though possibly more disyllabic.

Distribution and habitat

Pallid swifts breed on cliffs and eaves around the Mediterranean and on the Canary Islands and Madeira, laying two eggs.

They are rare north of their breeding areas, although they are likely to be under-recorded due to identification problems. Because of its more southerly range, pallid swift arrives earlier and leaves later than the closely related common swift, so particularly early or late swifts north of the normal range should be carefully observed.

Migration

Like swallows, they are migratory, wintering in southern Africa or southeast Asia.

Pallid swifts that breed in Gibraltar have been tracked using GPS technology, and has shown them to have multiple African wintering grounds south of the Sahara at specific times of the year. One bird, tracked over two consecutive winters, showed remarkable fidelity to the areas visited in Africa between years. The study also supports previous findings of an airborne existence in swifts outside the breeding season, with two pallid swifts giving no indication of coming to land.[3]

References
  1. BirdLife International (2019). "Apus pallidus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T22686815A155463151. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22686815A155463151.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 52, 289. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
  3. Finlayson, Stewart; Holmes, Tyson Lee; Finlayson, Geraldine; Guillem, Rhian; Perez, Charles; Bensusan, Keith; Finlayson, Clive (30 November 2021). "Birds with multiple homes. The annual cycle of the pallid swift (Apus pallidus brehmorum)". PLOS One. 16 (11: e0259656): e0259656. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1659656F. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0259656. PMC 8631615. PMID 34847150.

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