Palmitoleoylation

Palmitoleoylation is type of protein lipidation where the monounsaturated fatty acid palmitoleic acid is covalently attached to serine or threonine residues of proteins.[1][2] Palmitoleoylation appears to play a significant role in trafficking and targeting and function of Wnt proteins.[3][4][5]

Not to be confused with palmitoylation.
In palmitoleoylation, a palmitoleoyl group (derived from palmitoleic acid, pictured above) is added.

O-Palmitoleoylation of Wnt proteins is catalysed by PORCN. The inverse reaction is done by NOTUM.[6]

References
  1. Hannoush, Rami N. (2015). "Synthetic protein lipidation". Current Opinion in Chemical Biology. 28: 39–46. doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.05.025. ISSN 1879-0402. PMID 26080277.
  2. Pelegri F; Danilchik M; Sutherland A, eds. (2017). Vertebrate Development : Maternal to Zygotic Control. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Cham: Springer International Publishing. ISBN 9783319460956. OCLC 979974353.
  3. Hosseini, Vahid; Dani, Christian; Geranmayeh, Mohammad Hossein; Mohammadzadeh, Fatemeh; Nazari Soltan Ahmad, Saeed; Darabi, Masoud (2018-10-20). "Wnt lipidation: Roles in trafficking, modulation, and function". Journal of Cellular Physiology. 234 (6): 8040–8054. doi:10.1002/jcp.27570. ISSN 1097-4652. PMID 30341908.
  4. Nile, Aaron H.; Hannoush, Rami N. (February 2016). "Fatty acylation of Wnt proteins". Nature Chemical Biology. 12 (2): 60–69. doi:10.1038/nchembio.2005. ISSN 1552-4469. PMID 26784846.
  5. Takada R, Satomi Y, Kurata T, Ueno N, Norioka S, Kondoh H, Takao T, Takada S (2006). "Monounsaturated fatty acid modification of Wnt protein: its role in Wnt secretion". Dev Cell. 11 (6): 791–801. doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.003. PMID 17141155.
  6. Lanyon-Hogg, Thomas; Faronato, Monica; Serwa, Remigiusz A.; Tate, Edward W. (2017). "Dynamic Protein Acylation: New Substrates, Mechanisms, and Drug Targets". Trends in Biochemical Sciences. 42 (7): 566–581. doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2017.04.004. hdl:10044/1/48121. PMID 28602500.
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