1406 papal conclave

The 1406 papal conclave (November 18–30), the papal conclave of the time of the Great Western Schism, convened after the death of Pope Innocent VII. It elected Cardinal Angelo Correr, who under the name of Gregory XII became the fourth pope of the Roman Obedience.

Papal conclave
November 1406
Dates and location
18–30 November 1406
Rome, Papal States
Key officials
DeanAngelo Acciaioli
CamerlengoCorrado Carracioli
ProtodeaconLandolfo Maramaldo
Elected pope
Angelo Correr
Name taken: Gregory XII

Cardinal electors

Pope Innocent VII died on November 6, 1406. At the time of his death, there were eighteen cardinals in the Roman Obedience of the College of Cardinals. Fourteen of them participated in the election of his successor:[1]

Elector Title Elevated Elevator Notes [2]
Angelo Acciaioli Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia e Velletri 1384, December 17 Urban VI Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Vice-Chancellor of the Holy Roman Church; Archpriest of the patriarchal Vatican Basilica
Enrico Minutolo Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati 1389, December 18 Boniface IX Archpriest of the patriarchal Liberian Basilica; Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals
Antonio Caetani (seniore) Cardinal-Bishop of Palestrina 1402, February 27 Boniface IX Grand penitentiary; Archpriest of the patriarchal Lateran Basilica
Angelo d'Anna de Sommariva, O.S.B.Cam. Cardinal-Priest of S. Pudenziana 1384, December 17 Urban VI
Corrado Carracioli Cardinal-Priest of S. Crisogono 1405, June 12 Innocent VII Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church; Administrator of the see of Mileto
Angelo Correr Cardinal-Priest of S. Marco 1405, June 12 Innocent VII Latin Patriarch of Constantinople; Administrator of the see of Coron

(elected Pope Gregory XII)

Giordano Orsini Cardinal-Priest of SS. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti 1405, June 12 Innocent VII Cardinal-protector of the Order of Franciscans
Giovanni Migliorati Cardinal-Priest of S. Croce in Gerusalemme 1405, June 12 Innocent VII (Cardinal-nephew)
Antonio Calvi Cardinal-Priest S. Prassede 1405, June 12 Innocent VII
Landolfo Maramaldo Cardinal-Deacon of S. Nicola in Carcere Tulliano 1381, December 21 Urban VI Protodeacon of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Legate in Perugia
Rinaldo Brancaccio Cardinal-Deacon of SS. Vito e Modesto 1384, December 17 Urban VI
Oddone Colonna Cardinal-Deacon of S. Giorgio in Velabro 1405, June 12 Innocent VII Bishop-elect of Urbino
Pietro Stefaneschi Cardinal-Deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria 1405, June 12 Innocent VII
Jean Gilles Cardinal-Deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano 1405, June 12 Innocent VII

All the electors were Italians, except of Jean Gilles, who was French. Four of them were elevated by Urban VI, two by Boniface IX, and eight by Innocent VII.

Absentee cardinals

Four cardinals, one created by Urban VI, one by Boniface IX and two by Innocent VII, did not participate in this conclave:[1]

Elector Title Elevated Elevator Notes [2]
Bálint Alsáni Cardinal-Priest of S. Sabina 1384, December 17 Urban VI Archpriest of the Sacred College of Cardinals; Administrator of Pécs
Francesco Uguccione Cardinal-Priest of SS. IV Coronati 1405, June 12 Innocent VII Administrator of Bordeaux
Pietro Filargo of Candia, O.F.M. Cardinal-Priest of SS. XII Apostoli 1405, June 12 Innocent VII Administrator of Milan
Baldassare Cossa Cardinal-Deacon S. Eustachio 1402, February 27 Boniface IX Legate in Romagna and Bologna

The election of Pope Gregory XII
Old St. Peter's Basilica, site of the 1406 conclave

Fourteen cardinals present in Rome entered the conclave in Vatican[3] on November 18, twelve days after the death of Innocent VII.

Initially, all the electors subscribed the conclave capitulation,[3] in which each of them swore that, if elected, he would abdicate provided Antipope Benedict XIII did the same or should die; also, that he would not create new cardinals except to maintain parity of members with the Avignon cardinals; and that within three months he would enter into negotiations with his rival about a place of meeting.[4]

Almost no further details about this conclave are known, except of its final result. On November 30 Cardinal Angelo Correr, proposed by Cardinal Caetani, was unanimously[5] elected Pope, in spite of his very advanced age (probably ca. 80). He accepted his election and took the name of Gregory XII. Although he claimed the legality of his pontificate, nine years later he abdicated in the Council of Constance, making possible to restore the unity of the Roman Catholic Church.

Notes
  1. Miranda, Salvador. "Conclave of November 18 - 30, 1406 (Gregory XII)". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Florida International University. OCLC 53276621.
  2. Notes according to the biographical entries of the respective cardinals on Essay of a General List of Cardinals by Salvador Miranda
  3. Vatican History: Konklave 1406 Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
  4. John Kelly, The Oxford Dictionary of Popes, Oxford 1986, p. 235
  5. The Catholic Encyclopedia: Pope Gregory XII
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