1264–1265 papal election

The 1264–65 papal election (12 October 1264 – 5 February 1265) was convened after the death of Pope Urban IV and ended by electing his successor Pope Clement IV. It met in Perugia, where Urban IV had taken refuge after being driven out of Orvieto. He had never been in Rome as Pope, but spent his entire reign in exile. It was the second election in a row where a pope was elected in absentia; the phenomenon would be repeated in the Conclave of 1268–1271, and again in the Conclave of 1292–1294. In the last two cases, the person elected was not even a Cardinal.

Papal election
1264–65
Dates and location
12 October 1264 – 5 February 1265
Perugia
Key officials
ProtopriestSimone Paltanieri
Elected pope
Gui Foucois
Name taken: Clement IV

According to Salimbene di Adam, the archbishop of Ravenna, Filippo da Pistoia, had hopes of being elected.[1]

Cardinals

At the time of Pope Urban's death there were twenty-one cardinals.[2] At least two did not attend the Election, Cardinal Simon de Brion, Legate to King Philip III of France, and Cardinal Guido Grosso Fulcodi, Legate to King Henry III. Cardinal Simon Paltineri, governor of Campania for Urban IV and later for Clement IV, might or might not have attended.[3]

Elector Origins Order Title Date of creation by Pope Notes
Odo of Chateauroux,[4] O.Cist. Castro Radulfi,
Diocese of Bourges		 Cardinal-Bishop Bishop of Tusculum (Frascati) 28 May 1244 Innocent IV on 8 July 1255 he was appointed to the Committee to judge Joachim de Fiore.[5]
John of Toledo
(John Tolet)		 English Cardinal-Bishop Bishop of Porto 28 May 1244 Innocent IV A supporter of Henry III of England; served sixty years in the Roman Curia
Stephanus de Vancsa
(Istvan Bancsa)		 Hungary Cardinal-Bishop Bishop of Palestrina December 1251 Innocent IV Archbishop of Strigonia (Esztergom) (1243-1254)
Raoul Grosparmi† (Rodolphe de Chevriêres) French Cardinal-Bishop Albano December 17, 1261 Urban IV He accompanied king Louis IX of France in his crusade in Tunisia and died there on August 11, 1270[6]
Henry of Segusio Piedmontese (from Susa) Cardinal-Bishop Bishop of Ostia and Velletri May 1262 Urban IV
Hughes de Saint-Cher, OP Vienne, Dauphiné Cardinal-priest Title of Santa Sabina on the Aventine 28 May 1244 Innocent IV Legate in Germany, 1253
Simone Paltanieri
(or Paltinieri, or Paltineri)		 Paduan Cardinal-priest Ss. Silvestro e Martino ai Monti December 17, 1261 Urban IV Cardinal Protopriest, Prior Presbyterorum
Simon Monpitie de Brie French Cardinal-priest S. Cecilia December 17, 1261 Urban IV Future Pope Martin IV
Annibale Annibaldi, O.P. Roman Cardinal-priest Ss. XII Apostoli May 1262 Urban IV Treated with Philip III of France
and Charles I of Naples[7]
Anchero Pantaleone French Cardinal-priest S. Prassede May 1262 Urban IV Nephew of Urban IV
Guillaume de Bray French Cardinal-priest S. Marco May 1262 Urban IV
Guy de Bourgogne, O.Cist. Burgundian or Castilian Cardinal-priest S. Lorenzo in Lucina May 1262 Urban IV
Riccardo Annibaldi Roman Cardinal-deacon S. Angelo in Pescheria 1237 Gregory IX Archpriest of the Vatican Basilica.
Ottaviano degli Ubaldini Florence Cardinal-deacon Santa Maria in Via Lata 28 May 1244 Innocent IV Apostolic Legate in the Kingdom of Sicily, from January 1255.
Giovanni Gaetano Orsini Rome Cardinal-deacon S. Niccolo in Carcere 28 May 1244 Innocent IV Alexander IV assigned him the tituli of S. Crisogono and S. Maria in Trastevere in commendam on 22 June 1259 [8] future Pope Nicholas III (1277-1280)
Ottobono Fieschi Genoa Cardinal-deacon S. Adriano December 1251 Innocent IV Archpriest of S. Maria Maggiore. Archdeacon of Reims.[9]
Uberto Coconati Piedmontese (from Asti) Cardinal-deacon S. Eustachio December 17, 1261 Urban IV
Giacomo Savelli Roman Cardinal-deacon S. Maria in Cosmedin December 17, 1261 Urban IV
Goffredo da Alatri Alatri Cardinal-Deacon S. Giorgio in Velabro December 17, 1261 Urban IV
Giordano dei Conti Pironti da Terracina† Terracina Cardinal-Deacon Ss. Cosma e Damiano May 1262 Urban IV Died in October 1269, Vice-chancellor
Matteo Rosso Orsini Roman Cardinal-Deacon S. Maria in Portico May 1262 Urban IV Nephew of Pope Nicholas III
Perugia cityscape (15th century)

References
  1. Zanella, Gabriele (1997). "Filippo da Pistoia". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, Volume 47: Ferrero–Filonardi (in Italian). Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana. ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.
  2. Conradus Eubel, Hierarchia catholica medii aevi I, editio altera (Monsterii 1913), p. 8 n. 11.
  3. L. Cardella, p. 307, states that he participated in the election of Innocent IV; C. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica medii aevi I, p. 8 n. 11, states that he did not participate
  4. Also called Otto and Eudes.
  5. B. Hauréau Quelques lettres d' Innocent IV (Paris 1874) (Extrait from Notices et Manuscrits XXIV.2), 48-79.
  6. The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Raoul Grosparmi
  7. Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Annibale d'Annibaldi" . Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  8. Otto Posse, Analecta Vaticana (Oeniponti: Libraria Academica Wagneriana, 1878), #166.
  9. Bourel, Registres d' Alexandre IV, p. 171, no. 562; p. 233, no. 761.

Bibliography
  • Jean Roy, Nouvelle histoire des cardinaux françois Tome quatrième (Paris: Poincot 1787).
  • Lorenzo Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della Santa Romana Chiesa Tomo primo, Parte secondo (Roma: Pagliarini 1792).
  • Joseph Maubach, Die Kardinäle und ihre Politik um die Mitte des XIII. Jahrhunderts (Bonn: Carl Georgi, 1902).
  • Joseph Heidemann, Papst Clemens IV. (Münster 1903).
  • Augustin Demski, Papst Nikolaus III, Eine Monographie (Münster 1903).
  • Richard Sternfeld, Der Kardinal Johann Gaetan Orsini (Papst Nikolaus III.) 1244-1277 (Berlin: E. Ebering 1905).
  • E. Jordan, "Promotion de cardinaux sous Urbain IV," Revue d'histoire et de littérature religieuses 5 (1900) 322–334.
  • K. Hampe, Urban IV. und Manfred (1261-1264) (Heidelberg, 1905),
  • Ferdinand Gregorovius, History of Rome in the Middle Ages Volume V. 2, second edition, revised (London: George Bell, 1906), Book X, Chapter 1, pp. 335–358.
  • Francis Roth, OESA, "Il Cardinale Riccardo Annibaldi, Primo Prottetore dell' Ordine Agostiniano," Augustiniana 2 (1952) 26–60.


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