Passport Act of 1920
Passport Act of 1920 or Passport Control Act, 1920 was a federal statute authored by the United States 66th Congress. The legislation was an appropriations bill authorizing a fiscal policy for the United States Diplomatic and Consular Service.
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| Long title | An Act for expenses of regulating entry into the United States, in accordance with the provisions of the Act approved May 22, 1918, and Public Act Numbered 79 of the Sixty-sixth Congress, when the latter Act shall have become effective, $250,000, in addition to the remaining $150,000 of the sum appropriated by section 4 of said Public Act Numbered 79. |
|---|---|
| Nicknames | Passport Control Act, 1920 |
| Enacted by | the 66th United States Congress |
| Effective | July 1, 1920 |
| Citations | |
| Public law | Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States) 66–238 |
| Statutes at Large | 41 Stat. 739 aka 41 Stat. 750 |
| Codification | |
| Titles amended | 22 U.S.C.: Foreign Relations and Intercourse |
| U.S.C. sections created | 22 U.S.C. ch. 4 §§ 214, 215, 216, 217 |
| Legislative history | |
| Major amendments | |
The Act of Congress established a fees schedule for identity documents and travel documents as related to United States passports and visés. The public law repealed section one of the Expatriation Act of 1907 discontinuing the issuance of passports to persons not declaring an American citizenship or a renunciation of citizenship in the continental United States.
The United States administrative law petitioned the requisite articles of the Wartime Measure Act of 1918 providing regulatory travel authority for United States foreign departures, domestic entries, and mandatory U.S. passport purposes. The Wartime Measure Act remained in effect through the perils of World War I whereas the United States 66th Congress drafted bill H.R. 9782 efficaciously superseding public law 65-154 by passing the Aliens Restriction Act or public law 66-79 as signed by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson on November 10, 1919.[10][11]
Clauses of the Act
The Passport Act of 1920 was penned as five sections establishing regulations for the issuance and passport validity of American passports with an inclusion for United States travel visés and work visés.
- Passport Control Act - 41 Stat. 750
- Expenses of regulating entry into the United States
- Fees for Passports and Visés - 41 Stat. 750 § I
- Act effective from and after the 1st day of July, 1920
- Fees established for application and issue
- Retention of fee by State officials
- Persons exempted
- Alien Passports - 41 Stat. 750-751 § II
- Fees for visé and application
- Persons exempt
- Validity of Passport or Visé - 41 Stat. 751 § III
- Validity limited to two years
- U.S. Secretary of State by regulation shall limit the passport or visé validity to a shorter period
- Foreign Country Refusal to Visé a Passport - 41 Stat. 751 § IV
- Return of passport fee if visé refused by foreign officer
- Expatriation of Citizens and Their Protection Abroad - 41 Stat. 751 § V
- Expatriation Act of 1907 § I
- Authority to issue passports to persons not American citizens repealed
Foreign Affairs and U.S. President Woodrow Wilson
- Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "Woodrow Wilson: "Executive Order 2022 — Temporarily Abolishing Fees for Passports and Providing for Certification of Same.," August 14, 1914". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara.
- Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "Woodrow Wilson: "Executive Order 2285 — Requiring American Citizens Traveling Abroad to Procure Passports.," December 15, 1915". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara.
- Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "Woodrow Wilson: "Executive Order 2341 — Relating to Cancellation and Reissue of Passports.," March 13, 1916". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara.
- Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "Woodrow Wilson: "Proclamation 1473 — Issuance of Passports and Granting of Permits to Depart from and Enter the United States.," August 8, 1918". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara.
- Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "Woodrow Wilson: "Remarks to the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate.," August 19, 1919". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara.
See also
References
- "Passport Act of 1956 - P.L. 84-403" (PDF). 70 Stat. 11 ~ H.R. 5844. U.S. Government Publishing Office. February 10, 1956.
- "Passport Act of 1968 - P.L. 90-428" (PDF). 82 Stat. 446 ~ S. 1418. U.S. Government Publishing Office. July 26, 1968.
- "Passport Act of 1971 - P.L. 92-14" (PDF). 85 Stat. 38 ~ S. 531. U.S. Government Publishing Office. May 14, 1971.
- "H.R. 15172 ~ Passport Act of 1974". P.L. 93-417 ~ 88 Stat. 1151. Congress.gov. June 4, 1974.
- "Passport Act of 1974 - P.L. 93-417" (PDF). 88 Stat. 1151 ~ H.R. 15172. U.S. Government Publishing Office. September 17, 1974.
- "S. 784 ~ Passport Act of 1982". P.L. 97-241 ~ 96 Stat. 279. Congress.gov. March 24, 1981.
- "Passport Act of 1982 - P.L. 97-241" (PDF). 96 Stat. 279 ~ S. 1193. U.S. Government Publishing Office. August 24, 1982.
- "H.R. 4501 ~ Passport Services Enhancement Act of 2005". P.L. 109-167 ~ 119 Stat. 3578. Congress.gov. December 13, 2005.
- "Passport Services Enhancement Act of 2005 - P.L. 109-167" (PDF). 119 Stat. 3578 ~ H.R. 4501. U.S. Government Publishing Office. January 10, 2006.
- "66th Congress House Vote #103 - H.R. 9782". GovTrack.us. GovTrack. October 16, 1919.
- "Aliens Restriction Act of 1919 - P.L. 66-79" (PDF). 41 Stat. 353 - H.R. 9782. United States Library of Congress. November 10, 1919.
Bibliography
- U.S. Department of State (1896). "Regulations Prescribed for Use of Consular Service of United States" [Consular Regulations of 1896]. Internet Archive. United States Government Publishing Office. OCLC 10580152.
- Jones, Chester Lloyd (1906). "The Consular Service of the United States: Its History and Activities". Internet Archive. The John C. Winston Co. OCLC 11939029.
- U.S. Department of State (1924). "Diplomatic and Consular Service of the United States". Internet Archive. United States Government Publishing Office. OCLC 6712149.
- Knickerbocker, Hubert Renfro (1931). "Fighting the Red Trade Menace". Internet Archive. New York City, New York: Dodd, Mead and Company. OCLC 1800737.
- Lane, Arthur Henry (1934). "The Alien Menace: A Statement Of The Case". Internet Archive. London, United Kingdom: Boswell Publishing Co. OCLC 5866332.
External links
- Peters, Gerhard; Woolley, John T. "Calvin Coolidge: "Excerpts of the President's News Conference ~ Questions of Immigration.," November 23, 1923". The American Presidency Project. University of California - Santa Barbara.
- "Immigration in the USA". Spartacus-Educational.com. Spartacus Educational Publishers.
- "1920 Map: Immigration to the United States 1880-1920". Centuries of Citizenship: A Constitutional Timeline. National Constitution Center.
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