Pedro José Méndez
Pedro José Méndez Ortiz was a Mexican general who was from the state of Tamaulipas. He led a group of guerrillas called "Fieles de Hidalgo" during the Second French intervention in Mexico.
Pedro José Méndez | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | November 2, 1836 Hidalgo, Tamaulipas, Mexico |
| Died | January 23, 1866 (aged 29) Tantoyuquita, Tamaulipas, Mexico |
| Buried | |
| Allegiance |  Mexico |
| Branch |  Mexican Army |
| Years of service | 1858 – 1866 |
| Rank | General |
| Battles/wars | Second French intervention in Mexico
|
| Spouse(s) |
María de Jesús Moncayo
(m. 1864–1866) |
Childhood
Pedro José Méndez Ortiz was born on November 22, 1836, at the San Agustín hacienda, located in the municipality of Hidalgo, Tamaulipas, Mexico. His parents were the landowner Don Pedro J. Méndez and his wife Doña Agapita Ortiz.[1][2] Méndez began his studies at the age of six in a primary school in Ciudad Victoria.[2] At sixteen, Pedro J. Méndez lost his father, forcing him to return to country life to aid his family.[1]
Coup d'état
In 1858, President Ignacio Comonfort's coup d'état was taking place in Mexico and with the formation of the Liberal and Conservative parties there were those who sought to suppress the newly sworn Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1857. Pedro José Méndez always showed loyalty to President Benito Juárez and to the Constitution.[1]
French intervention
On November 23, 1862, the Imperial French Army entered the port of Tampico. With the help of General Macedonio Capistrán de la Garza, Pedro J. Méndez forced the French to evacuate the port on January 18, 1863, and Méndez was promoted Lieutenant for this.[1]
On February 24, 1864, Méndez married María de Jesús Moncayo in Ciudad Victoria and later they would move to his hacienda.[2] On March 1, a secret communication was received from General García to the then Governor of Nuevo León, Don Santiago Vidaurri, in which both agreed to surrender to the French troops. To prevent this from happening, Méndez returned to Ciudad Victoria and forced General García to flee and chose Colonel Julián Cerda as interim governor. President Juárez, learning of Méndez's heroic action, gave him the command of the liberal troops of Ciudad Victoria and Linares.[1]
Shortly after, Méndez joined the “Corps of the Faithful”. He hid as he hid his mother and wife from battle by putting them in a safe place as he went off into battle.[1]
On April 15, 1865, he attacked Ciudad Victoria. On June 4 of the same year, he took Tula after four hours at the Battle of Tula and on July 15, he evacuated Commander Valée from Santa Bárbara.[3] For these important triumphs for the national army, President Juárez awarded him the rank of General.[4] In December 1865, he achieved one of his most important triumphs at the Battle of El Chamal and the Battle of Cuesta de Cantón.[1]
Death
On January 23, 1866, in Tantoyuquita Tamaulipas, when seizing a convoy valued at $200,000.00 from the enemies, Pedro J. Méndez was shot in the chest. "They have killed me, don't lose heart" he told Pedro Mata and pointing to the French he concluded "There is the road!" Méndez died on January 22 or 23 1866 at the age of 29.[2][5] His remains now rest in the Rotonda de los Tamaulipecos Ilustres in Ciudad Victoria.[2]
References
- "Principales personajes de la historia de Tamaulipas". Government of Tamaulipas (in Spanish). Archived from the original on May 1, 2010. Retrieved April 10, 2009.
- Marvin Osiris Huerta Márquez (December 20, 2010). Antiguo Morelos, Tamaulipas: historia de un pueblo huasteco. p. 109. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- José Luis Pariente Fragoso; Octavio Herrera Pérez (1993). El album familiar del General Pedro José Méndez (in Spanish). Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas. p. 30. ISBN 9709109510. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- William J. Conaway (January 1, 2010). A Gringo Guide to Mexican History. ISBN 978-0976580577. Retrieved May 25, 2022.
- Patricia Galeana (August 5, 2013). La resistencia republicana en las entidades federativas de México. Siglo XXI Editores México. ISBN 978-6070303906. Retrieved May 25, 2022.