George Pérez

George Pérez (/ˈpɛrɛz/;[2] June 9, 1954 – May 6, 2022) was an American comic book artist and writer, who worked primarily as a penciller. He came to prominence in the 1970s penciling Fantastic Four and The Avengers for Marvel Comics. In the 1980s he penciled The New Teen Titans, which became one of DC Comics' top-selling series. He penciled DC's landmark limited series Crisis on Infinite Earths, followed by relaunching Wonder Woman as both writer and penciller for the rebooted series. In the meantime, he worked on other comics published by Marvel, DC, and other companies into the 2010s. He was known for his detailed and realistic rendering, and his facility with complex crowd scenes.[3]

For other people named George Pérez, see George Pérez (disambiguation).

George Pérez
Pérez at the 2012 New York Comic Con
Born(1954-06-09)June 9, 1954
New York City, U.S.
DiedMay 6, 2022(2022-05-06) (aged 67)
Sanford, Florida, U.S.[1]
NationalityAmerican
Area(s)Writer, Penciller, Inker
Notable works
The Avengers
Crisis on Infinite Earths
The New Teen Titans
Wonder Woman (vol. 2)
AwardsEagle Award, 1979, 1980, 1986, 2000
Inkpot Award, 1983
Jack Kirby Award, 1985, 1986
Inkwell Awards SASRA, 2022
Spouse(s)Carol Flynn

Early life

George Pérez was born on June 9, 1954,[4][5][6] in the South Bronx, New York City, to Jorge Guzman Pérez and Luz Maria Izquierdo, who were both from Caguas, Puerto Rico, but met after settling in New Jersey while searching for job opportunities. They married in October 1954 and subsequently moved to New York, where Jorge worked in the meat packing industry while Luz was a homemaker. George's younger brother David was born in May 1955. Both brothers aspired at a young age to be artists[4] with George beginning to draw at the age of five.[7][6]

Career

Early career

Pérez's first involvement with the professional comics industry was as artist Rich Buckler's assistant in 1973,[6] and he made his professional debut in Marvel Comics' Astonishing Tales #25 (Aug. 1974) as penciler of an untitled two-page satire of Buckler's character Deathlok, star of that comic's main feature.[8] Soon Pérez became a Marvel regular, penciling a run of "Sons of the Tiger", a serialized action-adventure strip published in Marvel's long-running Deadly Hands of Kung Fu magazine and authored by Bill Mantlo. He and Mantlo co-created the White Tiger (comics' first Puerto Rican superhero),[9] a character that soon appeared in Marvel's color comics, most notably the Spider-Man titles.[10]

Pérez came to prominence with Marvel's superhero-team comic The Avengers,[11] starting with issue #141. In the 1970s, Pérez illustrated several other Marvel titles, including Creatures on the Loose, featuring the Man-Wolf; The Inhumans;[12] and Fantastic Four. Writer Roy Thomas and Pérez crafted a metafictional story for Fantastic Four #176 (Nov. 1976) in which the Impossible Man visited the offices of Marvel Comics and met numerous comics creators.[13] While most of Pérez' Fantastic Four issues were written by Roy Thomas or Len Wein, it would be a Fantastic Four Annual[14] where he would have his first major collaboration with writer Marv Wolfman. Pérez drew the first part of writer Jim Shooter's "The Korvac Saga", which featured nearly every Avenger who had joined the team up to that point.[15][16] Shooter and Pérez introduced the character of Henry Peter Gyrich, the Avengers' liaison to the United States National Security Council in the second chapter of that same storyline.[17] Writer David Michelinie and Pérez created the Taskmaster in The Avengers #195 (May 1980).[18]

The New Teen Titans
The New Teen Titans #1 (Nov. 1980, inked by Dick Giordano) and Crisis on Infinite Earths #1 (April 1985), two of the essential Pérez works for DC Comics in the 1980s

In 1980, while still drawing The Avengers for Marvel, Pérez began working for their rival DC Comics. Offered the art chores for the launch of The New Teen Titans, written by Wolfman, Pérez's real incentive was the opportunity to draw Justice League of America (an ambition of Pérez's which "seemed like a natural progress from the Avengers").[19] Long-time Justice League artist Dick Dillin died right around that time, providing an opportunity for Pérez to step in as regular artist.[19] While Pérez's stint on the JLA was popular with fans, he received greater attention for his work on The New Teen Titans,[20] which was launched in a special preview in DC Comics Presents #26 (October 1980).[21] This incarnation of the Titans was intended to be DC's answer to Marvel's increasingly popular X-Men comic, and it became highly successful.[22] A New Teen Titans drug awareness comic book sponsored by the Keebler Company[23] and drawn by Pérez was published in cooperation with The President's Drug Awareness Campaign in 1983.[24] In August 1984, a second series of The New Teen Titans was launched by Wolfman and Pérez.[25] Moreover, Pérez's facility with layouts, details, and faces improved enormously during his four years on the book, making him one of the most popular artists in comics[26][27] as evidenced by the numerous industry awards he would receive during this time. (See Awards section below.)

Crisis on Infinite Earths

Pérez took a leave of absence from The New Teen Titans in 1984[28] to focus on his next project with Marv Wolfman, DC's 1985 50th-anniversary event, Crisis on Infinite Earths. Crisis purportedly featured every single character DC owned, in a story which radically restructured the DC universe's continuity.[29] Pérez was inked on the series by Dick Giordano, Mike DeCarlo, and Jerry Ordway.[30] After Crisis, Pérez inked the final issue of Superman (issue #423) in September 1986, over Curt Swan's pencils, for part one of the two-part story "Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow?" by writer Alan Moore. The following month, Pérez was one of the artists on Batman #400 (October 1986).[31] Wolfman and Pérez teamed again to produce the History of the DC Universe limited series to summarize the revised history of their fictional universe.[32] Pérez drew the cover for the DC Heroes roleplaying game (1985) from Mayfair Games[33]: 167  as well as the cover for the fourth edition of the Champions roleplaying game (1989) from Hero Games.[33]: 148 

Wonder Woman
Cover of Wonder Woman vol. 2 #1 (February 1987)

Pérez played a key role in the 1987 reboot of the Wonder Woman franchise. Writer Greg Potter spent several months working with editor Janice Race[34] on new concepts for the character, before being joined by Pérez.[35] Inspired by John Byrne and Frank Miller's work on refashioning Superman and Batman, Pérez came in as the plotter and penciler of the series,[36] which tied the character more closely to the Greek gods[37] and jettisoned many other elements of her history.[38] Pérez at first worked with Potter[39][40] and Len Wein[41] on the stories, but eventually took over the full scripting chores. Later, Mindy Newell joined Pérez as co-writer for nearly a year.[42] While not as popular as either Titans or Crisis, the series was a very successful relaunch of one of DC's flagship characters.[6][43] Pérez would work on the title for five years, leaving as artist after issue #24, but remaining as writer up to issue #62, leaving in 1992. Pérez returned to the character in 2001, co-writing a two-part story in issues #168–169 with writer/artist Phil Jimenez. Pérez also drew the cover for Wonder Woman #600 (Aug. 2010) as well as some interior art. For the successful 2017 Wonder Woman feature film, director Patty Jenkins would credit Pérez's work on the title character as a major influence, on par with the work of the original creator, William Moulton Marston.[44]

The New Titans

Pérez returned as co-plotter/penciller of The New Teen Titans with issue #50 (Dec. 1988), with the series being renamed The New Titans, rewriting the origin of Wonder Girl, following the retcons in Crisis on Infinite Earths. Pérez remained as penciller with the book through to issue #55, 57, and 60, while only providing layouts for issues 58–59, and 61, with artist Tom Grummett finishing pencils and Bob McLeod as inker.  The storyline "A Lonely Place of Dying" crossed over with the Batman series and introduced Tim Drake as the new Robin.[45] Pérez remained as inker for the cover art to issues #62–67 and co-plotted the stories for #66–67 before departing from the Titans series once again.

Superman

Pérez was involved with Superman in various times over his career, including his tenure on Justice League of America years before. In Action Comics #544 (June 1983), he designed Lex Luthor's trademark battlesuit.[46] These new designs for the villain were featured as part of the licensed action figure toyline the Super Powers Collection and remain in use in today's DC Comics continuity. Pérez pencilled DC Comics Presents #61 (Sept. 1983) which featured a Superman/OMAC team-up. A few years later, Pérez inked John Byrne's pencils for the Superman/Wonder Woman story in Action Comics #600 (March 1988). He drew portions of Action Comics Annual #2 (1989) before taking over the title with issue #643 (July 1989). His work duties on Action Comics would change from writer/penciller, to co-writer/breakdowns, to providing breakdowns, with writer Roger Stern scripting stories and artists Brett Breeding and Kerry Gammill provided finishing art, while Pérez drew all covers during his run on the title, with the exception for issue #646 with interior pencils by Keith Giffen. With writer Stern, he co-created the character Maxima who first appeared in Action Comics #645 (September 1989). In the double-size anniversary issue #650 in February 1990, Pérez penciled and inked an eight page flashback story depicting Superman's first post-Crisis encounter with the Justice League of America. Pérez briefly wrote Adventures of Superman, providing plots for issues #457–59 (Aug. 1989 – Oct. 1989), and inks for issue #461 (Dec. 1989). Due to an already heavy workload while doing both Wonder Woman and Superman at the same time, he left Action Comics with issue #652 (April 1990).

War of the Gods / Infinity Gauntlet

It was during this run in 1991 that Pérez encountered problems working with DC.[47] Pérez has stated that since the storyline's inception, which ran through the Wonder Woman comic and crossed over into others, he had trouble writing the War of the Gods storyline, mostly due to editorial problems.[47] Pérez felt that DC was not doing enough to celebrate Wonder Woman's 50-year anniversary.[19] To make matters worse in his eyes, DC did not place War of the Gods in newsstand distribution, which meant that the comic book could only be found in comics specialty shops. Pérez had built up a plot to marry the characters Steve Trevor and Etta Candy in his final issue. When he discovered that DC editors had decided to not only pass the Wonder Woman title's writing to William Messner-Loebs and have Messner-Loebs write the final wedding scene, Pérez quit the title and separated himself from DC for several years.[47] In 1992, he was guest inker on Deathstroke the Terminator issues #10–11.

Also in 1991, Pérez signed on to pencil the six-issue limited series Infinity Gauntlet for Marvel Comics, which was written by Jim Starlin.[48] However, due to the turbulence happening concurrently with War of the Gods, this was a very stressful personal period for Pérez, and he was not able to finish penciling the entire run of Infinity Gauntlet, leaving the project part way through issue #4. The Infinity Gauntlet editorial team decided to find a replacement artist to finish the miniseries, and Ron Lim was the artist chosen (although Pérez offered to remain on as the inker over Lim's cover art for the remainder of the miniseries).[49]

Because of the debacles over War of the Gods and The Infinity Gauntlet, Pérez began to gain a reputation as a creator who could not finish projects as planned.[50] Furthering that impression, he worked with independent comic book publishers Malibu Comics, drawing Break-Thru and Ultraforce (both titles were part of Malibu's Ultraverse imprint), and then working at Tekno Comix drawing I-Bots. However, despite being paid well by both publishers, he had no enthusiasm drawing the characters, and lost interest in drawing the titles.[51]

1990s and return to The Avengers
Cover of Hulk: Future Imperfect #1 (December 1992)
Cover to Teen Titans vol. 2, #5, featuring the 1996–98 team. Art by Dan Jurgens and Pérez

In the 1990s, Pérez left the spotlight, although he worked on several projects, including working on the Jurassic Park comic book adaptation of the movie for Topps Comics in 1993, adapted by Walt Simonson and pencilled by Gil Kane, with Pérez as inker, but most notably at Marvel Comics with Sachs and Violens and Hulk: Future Imperfect, both written by Peter David. David has named Pérez his favorite artistic collaborator,[52] and one of the three artists whose art has mostly closely matched the visuals he conceived when writing a comic book script (the others being Leonard Kirk and Dale Keown).[53]

Pérez returned to DC Comics in October 1996 for another incarnation of the Teen Titans. Teen Titans vol. 2 was written and penciled by Dan Jurgens, with Pérez as inker for the first 15 issues of its twenty four-issue run. The series ended in September 1998.[54]

Pérez had a stint as writer of Silver Surfer vol. 2 #111–123 (December 1995 – December 1996). He would also write the crossover special Silver Surfer/Superman in 1996. Pérez finally returned to a major ongoing title for the third series of The Avengers, written by Kurt Busiek,[55] where he remained for nearly three years, again receiving critical and fan acclaim for his polished and dynamic art. After leaving the series, he and Busiek produced the long-awaited JLA/Avengers inter-company crossover, which saw print in late 2003.[56] A JLA/Avengers crossover was to have been published in the 1980s,[57] but differences between DC and Marvel forced the comic to be canceled.[19] As the artist on the story, Pérez had drawn approximately 21 pages of the original crossover, which were not published until the 2004 hardcover edition of JLA/Avengers: The Collector's Edition.[58]

Gorilla Comics and CrossGen

In 1997, Pérez began writing and illustrating Crimson Plague, a creator-owned science fiction story about an alien with ultra-toxic blood, with the first issue published by Event Comics. In June 2000, that issue was re-published by Gorilla Comics – a publishing imprint he co-owned with several other creators – with additional material and pages, with a follow-up issue published in September. Pérez cited the debt he'd acquired self-publishing as the reason for discontinuing the series.[59] Artwork from the unpublished third issue was included in George Pérez Storyteller.[60]

Pérez worked for new publisher CrossGen early in the 2000s, penciling four issues of CrossGen Chronicles.[61] His main project for the company was penciling Solus,[62] which was intended to be an ongoing series, but was cancelled after eight issues due to CrossGen's bankruptcy.

Return to DC

In May 2006, Pérez illustrated the cover art to one of the alternative covers to the direct market release of the annual Official Overstreet Comic Book Price Guide (36th edition) featuring Wonder Woman. He was guest artist for an issue of JSA #82 (April 2006) and was cover artist from issues #82–87. He drew the first ten issues of DC's The Brave and the Bold (vol. 2) in 2007 with writer Mark Waid.[63] Pérez worked on Infinite Crisis, a follow-up to Crisis on Infinite Earths, as a fill-in artist. He worked on Final Crisis: Legion of 3 Worlds in 2008–2009, thus contributing to every chapter of DC's Crisis trilogy. He worked with Marv Wolfman on a direct-to-DVD movie adaptation of the "Judas Contract" story arc from Teen Titans, scheduled for 2017.[64]

He was co-chair of the board of the comic industry charity The Hero Initiative[65] and served on its Disbursement Committee.[66] In 2005, an animated version of Pérez made a cameo appearance in the Teen Titans episode titled "Go", which was an adaptation of his The New Teen Titans #1. In the episode "For Real" André LeBlanc attacks a bank called "Bank of Pérez". In City of Heroes, an MMORPG about superheroes, an entire zone within the game (Pérez Park) is named after him.

2010s
Pérez at the 2012 Phoenix Comicon in Phoenix, Arizona

In September 2011, DC launched a new Superman series written by Pérez, who also provided breakdowns and cover art, with interior art by Jesús Merino and Nicola Scott.[67] Pérez remained until issue #6. The New Teen Titans: Games hardcover graphic novel[68] was published the same month reuniting the creative team of Wolfman and Pérez.[69] He was the inker of the new Green Arrow series, also launched in the same timeframe, over artist Dan Jurgens' pencils, reuniting the mid-1990s Teen Titans art team. Pérez and Kevin Maguire were alternating artists on a Worlds' Finest revival written by Paul Levitz.[70]

In July 2012, Pérez explained his departure from Superman as a reaction to the level of editorial oversight he experienced. This included inconsistent reasons given for rewrites of his material, the inability of editors to explain to him basic aspects of the New 52 Superman's status quo (such as whether his adoptive parents were still alive), and restrictions imposed by having to be consistent with Action Comics, which was set five years earlier than Superman, a situation complicated by Action writer Grant Morrison having not been forthcoming about their plans.[71]

From September 2014 to December 2016, Pérez wrote and drew six issues of his own creation Sirens, published by BOOM! Studios. It is a science fiction miniseries dedicated to a group of women with extraordinary powers, who fight against evil across time and space.[72]

In January 2019, Pérez announced that he was formally retiring due to various health issues, and would continue to produce only a limited number of convention-style head sketches on commission, and attend a limited number of conventions.[73]

Personal life and death

Pérez was married to Carol Flynn. He had no children. He had a brother David, and a niece and nephew.[74]

In October 2013, Pérez revealed that he would soon undergo laser and injection surgeries to address hemorrhaging in his left eye that had effectively made him blind in that eye.[75] By the following June, the procedures were not yet completed, but his condition had improved to the point that he was able to resume his work.[76] In May 2017, he was admitted to a hospital with chest pains due to a heart attack while traveling to a convention, and had a coronary stent fitted.[77] By January 2019, Perez was dealing with multiple health issues, including diabetes and problems with his vision and his heart.[73]

In December 2021, he revealed that after undergoing surgery for a blockage in his liver, he had been diagnosed with inoperable pancreatic cancer. Given a prognosis of 6 to 12 months, he chose not to pursue treatment.[78][79][80] In early 2022, both DC and Marvel included tributes to him and his work in their comics,[81][82] and jointly approved a limited-run reprint of the 2003 JLA/Avengers story he illustrated (long tied up by disagreements between the rival publishers), as a benefit for The Hero Initiative.[81]

Pérez died on May 6, 2022,[83][84] due to complications from pancreatic cancer.[7] His friend Constance Eza wrote the next day that the 67-year-old artist "passed away yesterday, peacefully at home" with his wife Carol and their family by his side. An open memorial service was held at MegaCon Orlando on May 22.[84]

Awards

Pérez won a 1979 Eagle Award (with Jim Shooter, Sal Buscema, and David Wenzel) for Best Continued Story for his work on The Avengers #167–168 and 170–177.[85] In 1980 he won the Eagle Award for Best Comicbook Cover for Avengers #185.[86] He won the Eagle Award for Favourite Artist (penciller) in 1986.[87] Pérez received an Inkpot Award in 1983.[88]

In 1985, DC Comics named Pérez as one of the honorees in the company's 50th anniversary publication Fifty Who Made DC Great.[89]

His work (with Marv Wolfman and Romeo Tanghal), earned The New Teen Titans #50 a nomination for the 1985 Jack Kirby Award for Best Single Issue.[90] His collaboration with Wolfman earned Crisis on Infinite Earths the Jack Kirby Award for Best Finite Series in both 1985 and 1986.[91]

Pérez has won several Comics Buyer's Guide Fan Awards.[92] He won the "Favorite Artist" award in 1983 and 1985 and "Favorite Penciler" in 1987. In addition, he won the "Favorite Cover Artist" award three consecutive years 1985–1987. Crisis on Infinite Earths won the award for "Favorite Limited Series" in 1985.

Pérez worked on several stories which won the CBG award for "Favorite Comic-Book Story":

  • 1984 "The Judas Contract" in Tales of the Teen Titans #42–44 and Annual #3
  • 1985 "Beyond the Silent Night" in Crisis on Infinite Earths #7
  • 1989 "A Lonely Place of Dying" in Batman #440–442 and The New Titans #60–61

In 2022, Pérez was awarded the Inkwell Awards Stacey Aragon Special Recognition Award (SASRA) for his lifetime achievement in inking.[93]

Bibliography

Interiors

Pencil art in all cases, except where noted:

BOOM! Studios
  • Sirens miniseries, #1–6 (2014–2016)

DC Comics

Image Comics
  • Crimson Plague #1–2 (2000)
  • Empire #1 (backup-story, writer/artist) (2000)
  • Witchblade #92 (two pages, among other artists) (2005)

Marvel Comics

DC Comics and Marvel Comics together

Pacific Comics
  • Alien Worlds #7 (1984) — short story, "Ride the Blue Bus"
  • Vanguard Illustrated #6 (1984) — short story, "The Trains Belong to Us"

DC Comics
  • Action Comics #529, 602, 643–652 (1982–1990)
  • Adventure Comics #484–486, 490 (1981–1982)
  • Amethyst, Princess of Gemworld #5–11 (1983–1984)
  • Batman #436–442 (1989)
  • Batman and the Outsiders #5 (1983)
  • Best of DC Blue Ribbon Digest #17–18, 21–24, 35, 50, 61, 69 (1981–1986)
  • Blackest Night: Titans, miniseries, #3 (2009)
  • The Brave and the Bold vol. 2 #11-12 (2007–2008)
  • Crisis on Infinite Earths HC slipcase (1998; with artist Alex Ross)
  • Crisis on Infinite Earths: The Absolute Edition (2005; new dust jacket cover)
  • Crisis on Multiple Earths Volume 5 TPB (2010)
  • DC Special Blue Ribbon Digest #19 (1982)
  • DC Comics Presents #38, 94 (1981–1986)
  • The Flash vol. 2 #15–17 (cover artist), Annual #2 (cover art inker only) (1988)
  • Flashpoint: Secret Seven #1–3 (cover artist) (2011)
  • Green Lantern #132, 141–144 (1980–1981)
  • Infinite Crisis #1–7 (variant covers; 2005–2006)
  • JSA #82–87 (2006)
  • Justice League of America #201–205, 207–209, 212–215, 217–220 (1982–1983)
  • Justice Leagues of:
    • JL? (2001)
    • Aliens (2001)
    • Amazons (2001)
    • Arkham (2001)
    • Atlantis (2001)
    • JLA (2001)
  • Legion of Super-Heroes #268, 277–281, 300 (1980–1983)
  • New Teen Titans #5 (1981)
  • New Teen Titans Archives Volume 1 HC (1999)
  • New Teen Titans: The Judas Contract TPB (1988 edition)
  • New Teen Titans: Who is Donna Troy? TPB (2005)
  • Secret Origins Annual #3 (cover art) (1989)
  • Superman #364 (1981)
  • Teen Titans Spotlight #1, 19 (1986–1988)
  • Wonder Woman #283–284 (1981), #300 (b&w illustration on inside front cover) (1983)
  • Wonder Woman vol. 2 #25–32, 45–60, 120, Annual #2 (1988–1997)
  • Wonder Woman: Gods and Mortals TPB (2004)
  • Wonder Woman: Challenge of the Gods TPB (2004)
  • Wonder Woman: Beauty and the Beasts TPB (2005)
  • Wonder Woman: Destiny Calling TPB (2006)
  • World's Finest Comics #271, 276–278 (1981–1982)

Marvel Comics

DC Comics and Marvel Comics together
  • Crossover Classics: The Marvel/DC Collection vol. 1 TPB (1991)[95]

See also

Notes
  1. two pages humor strip, Pérez' first published work for Marvel[94]
  2. Pérez' first collaboration with Marv Wolfman
  3. An homage to Crisis on Infinite Earths #7 cover, which had been penciled by Pérez himself

References
  1. George Perez, legendary comic book artist, dies at 67
  2. "Master Comic Book Artist George Perez Interview". Groovey.TV. June 18, 2014. Archived from the original on May 7, 2022. Retrieved May 7, 2022 – via YouTube. At the 0:02 mark.
  3. Forsythe, Dana (January 21, 2019). "The 7 most incredible comics George Perez drew for DC and Marvel". SyFy Wire. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved May 7, 2022.
  4. Nolen-Weathington, Eric (2003). Modern Masters Volume 2: George Perez. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 1-893905-25-X. Retrieved November 24, 2011. My mom, Luz Maria Izquierdo, and my father, Jorge Pérez, were both born in Caguas, Puerto Rico, the same year but would not actually meet each other until they moved – I believe the same year, I don't know the exact year - to New Jersey...by the time they were married they had 2 children and moved to New York.
  5. Miller, John Jackson (June 10, 2005). "Comics Industry Birthdays". Comics Buyer's Guide. Iola, Wisconsin. Archived from the original on February 18, 2011. Retrieved December 12, 2010.
  6. "Contributors: George Pérez," The New Teen Titans Archives, Volume 1 (DC Comics, 1999).
  7. Cronin, Brian (May 7, 2022). "George Pérez, Comic Book Artistic Icon, Passes Away at Age 67". CBR.com. Archived from the original on May 7, 2022. Retrieved May 7, 2022.
  8. George Pérez at the Grand Comics Database
  9. "Micromails: Meet the Micro-Makers: Bill Mantlo," Micronauts #7 (Marvel Comics, July 1979).
  10. Cowsill, Alan; Manning, Matthew K. (2012). Spider-Man Chronicle: Celebrating 50 Years of Web-Slinging. DK Publishing. p. 96. ISBN 978-0756692360.
  11. Sanderson, Peter (2008). "1970s". In Gilbert, Laura (ed.). Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History. London, United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. p. 171. ISBN 978-0756641238.
  12. Boney, Alex (July 2013). "Inhuman Nature: Genetics, Social Science, and Superhero Evolution". Back Issue!. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing (65): 61–64.
  13. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 176: "In a venture into metafictional comedy, the mischievous Impossible Man visited the Marvel offices, where he met his creators Stan Lee and Jack Kirby, as well as the collaborators on his current story, writer Roy Thomas and artist George Pérez."
  14. Wolfman, Marv (w), Pérez, George (p), Marcos, Pablo (i). "Cat's-Paw!" Fantastic Four Annual, no. 14 (1979). Marvel Comics.
  15. Shooter, Jim; Pérez, George; Buscema, Sal; Wenzel, David (2010). Avengers: The Korvac Saga. Marvel Comics. p. 240. ISBN 978-0785144700.
  16. Sanderson "1970s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 184: "Writer Jim Shooter and artist George Pérez began their saga pitting their seemingly omnipotent villain, Michael Korvac against Earth's Mightiest Heroes in The Avengers #167."
  17. Shooter, Jim (w), Pérez, George (p), Marcos, Pablo (i). "First Blood" The Avengers, no. 168 (February 1978).
  18. DeFalco, Tom "1980s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 197: "Created by writer David Michelinie and artist George Pérez, Taskmaster could mimic any physical skill he had ever seen."
  19. O'Neill, Patrick Daniel. "Career Moves" (Pérez interview), Wizard #35 (July 1994).
  20. Levitz, Paul (2010). 75 Years of DC Comics The Art of Modern Mythmaking. Cologne, Germany: Taschen. p. 454. ISBN 978-3-8365-1981-6. [Marv Wolfman and George Pérez] created a title that would be DC's sales leader throughout the 1980s.
  21. Manning, Matthew K. (2010). "1980s". In Dolan, Hannah (ed.). DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle. London, United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-7566-6742-9. [The New Teen Titans] went on to become DC's most popular comic team of its day. Not only the springboard for the following month's The New Teen Titans #1, the preview's momentous story also featured the first appearance of future DC mainstays Cyborg, Starfire, and Raven.
  22. MacDonald, Heidi D. "DC's Titanic Success," The Comics Journal #76 (October 1982), pp. 46–51.
  23. The New Teen Titans (Keebler Company) #1 at the Grand Comics Database
  24. "Turner, Carlton E.: Files, 1981–1987 – Reagan Library Collections". Simi Valley, California: Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. n.d. Archived from the original on October 15, 2014. This series contains material relating to the development and distribution of the Teen Titans drug awareness comic books. The comic books were designed to communicate the dangers of drug abuse to elementary school children. The Drug Abuse Policy Office coordinated the project, DC Comics developed the story line and artwork, and private companies funded the production costs. The Keebler Company sponsored the fourth grade book (released in April 1983), the National Soft Drink Association sponsored the sixth grade book (November 1983), and IBM sponsored the fifth grade book through the National Federation of Parents for Drug Free Youth (February 1984). The files consist primarily of correspondence with educators, parents, and children.
  25. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 209: "As one of DC's most popular team books, The New Teen Titans was a natural choice to receive the deluxe paper quality and higher price point of the new Baxter format. With the regular newsstand title having already changed its name to Tales of the Teen Titans with issue No. 41, the path was clear for a new comic to once again be titled The New Teen Titans. Featuring the trademark writing of Marv Wolfman and the art of George Pérez, this second incarnation was a success from the start, providing readers with the perfect blend of high-quality paper with high-quality storytelling."
  26. Riggenberg, Steven. "An Interview with the Most Popular Artist in Comics," The Comics Journal No. 79 (January 1983), pp. 72–85.
  27. Riggenberg, Steven and Kelvin Nueva. ""An Interview with the Most Popular Artist in Comics: George Pérez Part 2," The Comics Journal #80 (March 1983), pp. 55–68.
  28. "George Pérez signs contract with DC, Takes leave of absence from Titans," The Comics Journal No. 92 (August 1984), p. 16.
  29. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 213 "Comics didn't get any bigger than this. Crisis on Infinite Earths was a landmark limited series that redefined a universe. It was a twelve-issue maxiseries starring nearly every character in DC Comics fifty-year history and written and drawn by two of the industry's biggest name creative talents – writer Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez."
  30. Crisis on Infinite Earths at the Grand Comics Database
  31. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 221 "Batman celebrated the 400th issue of his self-titled comic with a blockbuster featuring dozens of famous comic book creators and nearly as many infamous villains. Written by Doug Moench, with an introduction by novelist Stephen King...[it was] drawn by George Pérez, Bill Sienkiewicz, Arthur Adams, Joe Kubert, Brian Bolland, and others."
  32. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 220: "In an effort to organize the status quo of the DC Universe after the events of the Crisis on Infinite Earths maxiseries, artist George Pérez and writer Marv Wolfman collaborated on a two-part prestige-format history of the DCU."
  33. Appelcline, Shannon (2011). Designers & Dragons. Swindon, United Kingdom: Mongoose Publishing. ISBN 978-1-907702-58-7.
  34. Gold, Alan (February 1986), "Wonder Words", Wonder Woman, no. 329, [Alan Gold will] be turning over the editorial reins to Janice Race... She has been working for several months already, as a matter of fact, with a bright new writer named Greg Potter.
  35. "Newsflashes". Amazing Heroes. Fantagraphics Books (82): 8. November 1, 1985. Pérez's Amazon: George Pérez will be co-plotting and penciling the new Wonder Woman series, scheduled to debut in June 1986 [sic]. Greg Potter will be the writer and co-plotter with Pérez
  36. Pérez, George (February 1987), "The Wonder of It All", Wonder Woman, no. one, It was the fall of 1985... I walked into editor Janice Race's office to find out about the fate of Diana Prince. I was curious to learn who was going to draw her. Superman had [John] Byrne and [Jerry] Ordway, Batman had [Frank] Miller and [Alan] Davis (and later [David] Mazzucchelli). Wonder Woman had... A writer, Greg Potter, had been selected but artist wanted to handle the new series. After exhaustive searches, it seemed Wonder Woman would have to be assigned to an unknown... I thought of John Byrne and Superman. What a giant coup for DC. A top talent and fan-fave on their premier character... "Janice" I heard myself say "What if I took on Wonder Woman for the first six months – just to get her out of the starting gate?"
  37. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 227: "With the help of Pérez's meticulous pencils, as well as his guidance as co-plotter, Wonder Woman was thrust further into the realm of Greek mythology than she'd ever been before."
  38. Daniels, Les (1995). DC Comics Sixty Years of the World's Favorite Comic Book Heroes. New York City: Bulfinch Press. pp. 194–95.
  39. Wonder Woman, February–March 1987.
  40. Nolen-Weathington 2003, p. 50.
  41. Wonder Woman, April 1987 – May 1988.
  42. Wonder Woman, November 1989 – September 1990.
  43. Mangels, Andy (January 1, 1989). "Triple Threat: The George Pérez Interview". Amazing Heroes. Fantagraphics Books (156): 30. Wonder Woman's sales are some of the best the Amazing Amazon has ever experienced, and the book is a critical and popular success with its weaving of Greek mythology into a feminist and humanistic atmosphere.
  44. Welch, Alex (May 26, 2017). "Wonder Woman Director Reveals Comic Book Influences". Screen Rant. Retrieved June 7, 2017.
  45. Manning "1980s" in Dolan, p. 241: "With the pencils of [George] Pérez, Jim Aparo, and Tom Grummett, [Marv] Wolfman concocted the five-issue 'A Lonely Place of Dying'... In it, Tim Drake... earned his place as the new Robin."
  46. Action Comics, Grand Comics Database, June 1983
  47. O'Neil, Patrick Daniel David Anthony Kraft's Comics Interview #104 (Winter 1991) Archived April 16, 2009, at the Wayback Machine pp. 21–35. Cover title: "Pérez Quits DC!"
  48. Manning, Matthew K. "1990s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 254: "Written by Jim Starlin, and with pencils by George Pérez and Ron Lim, The Infinity Gauntlet was born."
  49. Nolen-Weathington 2003, pp. 60–61.
  50. Cadigan, Glen (2008). Titans Companion 2. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-893905-87-0.
  51. Nolen-Weathington 2003, p. 65.
  52. David, Peter (March 7, 2014). "Getting by with a little help from his friends…". peterdavid.net. Reprinted from Comics Buyer's Guide #1383 (May 19, 2000).
  53. David, Peter (August 26, 2003). "Any Questions?". PeterDavid.net. Archived from the original on March 12, 2016. Retrieved September 10, 2009.
  54. Nolen-Weathington 2003, p. 70.
  55. Manning "1990s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 289: "At the top of [Marvel's] short list of dream artists for the Heroes Return project was George Pérez...But when asked to both write and draw the title, Pérez declined the invitation, stating he would rather just pencil the book...He did, however, suggest a writer that he wanted to work with – Kurt Busiek."
  56. Cowsill, Alan "2000s" in Dolan, p. 311 "[JLA/Avengers] was an event that...proved to be one of the biggest and best of the DC and Marvel crossovers, incorporating many of the two companies' greatest heroes and villains."
  57. Kimball, Kirk (n.d.). "Unpublished JLAvengers by George Pérez!". Dial B for Blog No. 38 (June). Archived from the original on April 9, 2016.
  58. JLA/Avengers: The Collector's Edition (DC Comics, 2004) ISBN 1-4012-0207-1
  59. Dean, Michael (June 8, 2001). "The Case of the Disappearing Gorilla: The Banana Trust Explains How Not to Start a Comics Line". The Comics Journal #234. Fantagraphics Books. Archived from the original on January 20, 2012. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
  60. Lawrence, Christopher (2006). George Pérez Storyteller. Dynamite Entertainment. p. 206. ISBN 1-933305-15-0.
  61. CrossGen Chronicles #25 (March 2001 – December 2001)
  62. Solus #1–4 (April 2003 – July 2003) and #6 (Sept. 2003)
  63. Cowsill "2000s" in Dolan, p. 329 "Writer Mark Waid and artist George Pérez teamed up to relaunch one of DC's best-loved titles, The Brave and the Bold."
  64. Beedle, Tim (July 22, 2016). "Teen Titans: The Judas Contract is Getting an Animated Movie". DC Comics. Archived from the original on September 23, 2016. It's long been discussed, but it's now officially confirmed. Teen Titans: The Judas Contract, the popular New Teen Titans storyline by Marv Wolfman and George Pérez, will be adapted into a feature length animated film in 2017.
  65. "Guests of Honor," New York Comic-Con No. 4 program booklet (Reed Exhibitions, 2009), p. 12.
  66. "Hero Initiative Board Members Disbursement Committee". The Hero Initiative. 2013. Archived from the original on June 21, 2013.
  67. Hyde, David (June 10, 2011). "History Happens Now". DC Comics. Archived from the original on October 31, 2014.
  68. Wolfman, Marv; Pérez, George (2011). New Teen Titans: Games. DC Comics. ISBN 978-1-4012-3322-8.
  69. "The New Teen Titans: Games". DC Comics. September 21, 2011. Archived from the original on March 11, 2016.
  70. Rogers, Vaneta (January 13, 2012). "Paul Levitz Explains More About Worlds' Finest, Earth 2". Newsarama. Archived from the original on January 16, 2012. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
  71. McMillan, Graeme (July 26, 2012). "George Pérez Explains His 'Frustrating' Superman Experience in the New 52". ComicsAlliance. Archived from the original on May 1, 2015.
  72. McCabe, Joseph (September 30, 2014). "Exclusive: Comic Book Icon George Pérez Introduces Us to His Sirens". The Nerdist Podcast. Archived from the original on July 15, 2017. Perez's latest book, Sirens (published by Boom! Studios), which he writes as well as draws, is also his own creation, inspired, as he reveals in the following interview, by many of the women in his life.
  73. Greenfield, Dan (January 19, 2019). "GEORGE PEREZ Formally Retires From Comics". 13th Dimension. Archived from the original on April 18, 2019. Retrieved August 8, 2021.
  74. Pacesetter: the George Perez Magazine #4
  75. Ching, Albert (October 16, 2013). "George Perez Gives Health Update, Says Eye Surgery Imminent". CBR.com. Archived from the original on November 12, 2020. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
  76. Dietsch, T.J. (June 3, 2014). "Despite Eye Surgery, George Perez Keeps His Focus on 'Sirens'". CBR.com. Archived from the original on November 18, 2020. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
  77. Arrant, Chris (May 12, 2017). "Update: George Pérez Cancels 2017 Con Appearances to Focus on Health". Newsarama. Archived from the original on August 5, 2017.
  78. Pérez, George (December 7, 2021). "(Untitled)". Facebook. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
  79. Arvedon, Jon (December 7, 2021). "George Pérez Reveals Terminal Cancer Diagnosis". CBR.com. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
  80. Perrine, Aaron (December 7, 2021). "Legendary Marvel And DC Comics Artist George Perez Reveals He Has Inoperable Cancer". ComicBook.com. Archived from the original on December 7, 2021. Retrieved December 7, 2021.
  81. Kofi Outlaw (April 21, 2022). "Comic Legend George Perez Has Touching Response to Marvel's Latest Avengers Tribute". Comic Book. Retrieved April 19, 2022.
  82. Grunenwald, Joe (April 22, 2022). "Syndicated Comics". The Beat. Retrieved April 22, 2022.
  83. Wilson Chapman (May 7, 2022). "George Pérez, Legendary 'Wonder Woman' and 'Teen Titans' Comic Book Artist, Dies at 67". Variety. Retrieved May 8, 2022.
  84. Johnston, Rich (May 7, 2022). "Comics Legend George Pérez Died Yesterday, Aged 67". Bleeding Cool. Archived from the original on May 7, 2022. Retrieved May 7, 2022.
  85. "Eagle Awards 1979". Eagle Awards. Archived from the original on April 4, 2012.
  86. "Eagle Awards Previous Winners 1980". Eagle Awards. 1980. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved November 3, 2013.
  87. "Eagle Awards Previous Winners 1986". Eagle Awards. 1986. Archived from the original on October 23, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
  88. "Inkpot Award". Comic-Con International. 2016. Archived from the original on June 11, 2016.
  89. Marx, Barry, Cavalieri, Joey and Hill, Thomas (w), Petruccio, Steven (a), Marx, Barry (ed). "George Pérez Artistic Intensity" Fifty Who Made DC Great, p. 49 (1985). DC Comics.
  90. "1985 Jack Kirby Awards". Hahn Library Comic Book Awards Almanac. Archived from the original on March 4, 2012.
  91. "Eisner Awards Past Recipients 1980s (including Kirby Awards)". Comic-Con International. 2016. Archived from the original on June 16, 2016.
  92. Comics Buyer's Guide 1996 Annual. Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications 1995 pp. 30–31
  93. "First Comics News - 2022 Inkwell Awards Lifetime Achievement Winners"
  94. Lawrence 2006, p. 22.
  95. Lawrence 2006, pp. 192–203.
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