Free Peru

The party was founded in August 2008 by former Junín governor Vladimir Cerrón, who is serving a four-year and five-month prison sentence after being found responsible for crimes of incompatible negotiation and for taking advantage of his regional position to the detriment of the Peruvian State during the management of sanitation work in La Oroya, from 2011 to 2014. The Superior Court of Junín issued the sentence on 5 August 2019.[8] Cerrón had been elected in 2018 for a second non-consecutive term as governor, but his tenure was cut short due to the sentence. Still, he formally leads the party in his position of Secretary-General. Cerrón ran as a presidential candidate in the 2016 Peruvian general election, and registered his candidacy on 11 January 2016 but withdrew from the race two months later due to little support in his candidacy and also to prevent the party from losing its electoral registration.[9] In the 2018 regional and municipal elections, Cerrón took the businessman, journalist, and radio host Ricardo Belmont as a candidate for the Metropolitan Municipality of Lima, obtaining 3.89% of the votes validly cast in Lima.[10][11]

In the 2020 Peruvian parliamentary election held on 26 January, the party won 3.4% of the popular vote but no seats in the Congress of the Republic of Peru, as the party failed to reach the electoral threshold.[12][13] Months before the election, the party was in talks with the Together for Peru coalition and New Peru in order to run allied in the parliamentary election; however, due to Cerrón's criminal profile and many prominent New Peru members quitting their party as the union materialized, the alliance fell through and the parties ran separately in the election, in which neither achieved representation.[14][15] Their presidential nominee Pedro Castillo unexpectedly took the lead in the first round of the 2021 Peruvian general election after seeing a surprise surge in support starting around one month before the election. After his victory in the first electoral round, Castillo asked to dialogue with other Peruvian political forces in order to achieve political agreement;[16] however, he ruled out making a roadmap as Ollanta Humala did, maintaining ideological discourse.[17]

In January 2022, vice president Dina Boluarte was expelled from Free Peru by Vladimir Cerrón after she stated during an interview with La República that she had never embraced the party's ideology. Cerrón said that Boluarte's comments threatened party unity.[18] Her departure was followed by President Castillo's several months later, in June 2022, when he resigned from the party following a request by Cerrón. The latter accused Castillo of implementing policies out of step with Free Peru.[19]

The party describes itself as "a left-wing socialist organization" that supports anti-imperialism,[20] democracy, decentralization, federalism,[21][22] humanism, internationalism, Latin American integration,[23] and sovereignty.[20] The party claims to uphold the works of Karl Marx, Vladimir Lenin, and José Carlos Mariátegui.[20] Free Peru's political position has been variously described by observers as left-wing,[24][25] to far-left,[26][27] and the party's ideology has been described as Marxist,[28][29][30] Marxist–Leninist,[31][32] and socialist.[33][34]

Both Pedro Castillo and Vladimir Cerrón have taken conservative stances on social issues,[35][36] as did their right-wing opponents,[37] including opposing same-sex marriage,[37] but supports the decriminalization of abortion.[38] Following his success in the first round of the 2021 presidential election, Castillo said that he opposes Chavismo and Nicolás Maduro, distanced himself from those on the far-left in the party,[39] would not nationalize industry, and would honor the rule of law to placate market alarmism,[40] adding that he would lead the party instead of Cerrón.[41]

• Pink tide
• Socialism of the 21st century

• Official website