Philéas Côté

Antoine-Philéas Côté (19 August 1903 – 27 September 1954) was a Liberal party and Independent Liberal member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Métis, Quebec and became an author and journalist by career. He is known for his early attempts to officially establish "O Canada" as the national anthem and to rename the national holiday to Canada Day.

Philéas Côté
Member of Parliament
for Matapédia—Matane
In office
June 1945 – June 1953
Personal details
Born
Antoine-Philéas Côté

(1903-08-19)19 August 1903
Métis, Quebec, Canada
Died27 September 1954(1954-09-27) (aged 51)
Political partyLiberal
Independent Liberal
Spouse(s)Blanchette Marien
m. 23 December 1933[1]
Professionauthor, journalist

Education and early career

Côté attended Quebec Seminary then Université Laval where he received his Bachelor of Laws degree. He attended Harvard University for further post-graduate studies. His journalistic work appeared in Le Soleil, La Patrie and Le Canada.[1] He also served as the French-language director of the Liberal Party Association, and served on the National Film Board.[2]

Political career

He was first elected as an Independent Liberal member of Parliament at the Matapédia—Matane riding in the 1945 general election. He and a number of other Quebec Liberals had broken with their party the year before during the Conscription Crisis of 1944, quitting the party in order to oppose the government's decision to deploy National Resources Mobilization Act conscripts overseas. Previously, conscripts had only been used for "home defence" and kept within Canada.[3] During his first term in office he joined the Liberal Party and became a member of the party's caucus and was re-elected in the 1949 election as an official Liberal candidate.

In 1946, Côté introduced a private member's bill to rename the Dominion Day holiday to Canada Day.[4] His bill was passed quickly by the House of Commons but was stalled by the Senate which returned the bill to the Commons recommending that the holiday be renamed "The National Holiday of Canada". The Senate amendment effectively killed Côté's Canada Day bill.[5] The national holiday was not renamed Canada Day until 1982.[6]

Côté moved in Parliament that Canada be officially named "The Kingdom of Canada" arguing that this would clarify the nationhood status of Canada and its association with Britain, especially for immigrants. This resolution was defeated by the House of Commons on 22 April 1952.[7][8] He also sought to designate the song "O Canada" as the official national anthem, a status which was not granted until 1980.[1][2][9]

Death

Côté died unexpectedly on 27 September 1954 of a heart attack.[2]

References
  1. Normandin, Pierre G. (1952). The Canadian Parliamentary Guide. "A. Phileas Coté"
  2. "Feu Philéas Côté" (in French). La Patrie. 30 September 1954. p. 5. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
  3. "Quebec rebuks Houde and Bracken's hidden men", Toronto Daily Star, 12 June 1945
  4. Carnegie, R.K. (19 April 1946). "Drew Right: Provinces Have Say-So On Holidays". The Globe and Mail. p. 15.
  5. "A New Low in Compromise (editorial)". The Globe and Mail. 10 August 1946. p. 6.
  6. "Canada Day / Background". Department of Canadian Heritage. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
  7. "No Kingdom of Canada". The Age. Melbourne. 23 April 1952. p. 1. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
  8. "'Kingdom of Canada' Favored By Legislator". Toledo Blade. Toledo, Ohio. Associated Press. 22 April 1952. p. 2. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
  9. "National Anthem: O Canada". Department of Canadian Heritage. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
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