Philip I, Duke of Burgundy

Philip I
Philip I
Duke of Burgundy
Reign	1349 – 21 November 1361
Predecessor	Odo IV
Successor	Philip II
Count of Auvergne and Boulogne
Reign	1360 – 21 November 1361
Predecessor	Joan I
Successor	John I
Count of Burgundy and Artois
Reign	1347 – 21 November 1361
Predecessor	Joan III
Successor	Margaret I
Born	1346; Rouvres-en-Plaine Castle
Died	21 November 1361 (aged 14–15); Rouvres-en-Plaine Castle
Spouse	Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
House	Burgundy
Father	Philip of Burgundy
Mother	Joan I, Countess of Auvergne
Religion	Roman Catholicism

Philip of Rouvres (1346 – 21 November 1361) was the Count of Burgundy (as Philip II) and Count of Artois (as Philip III) from 1347, Duke of Burgundy (as Philip I) from 1349, and Count of Auvergne and Boulogne (as Philip III) from 1360. He was the only son of Philip, heir to the Duchy of Burgundy, and Joan I, heiress of Auvergne and Boulogne.

Biography

Philip succeeded his grandmother in the County of Burgundy (Franche-Comté) and Artois when he was only one year old. He succeeded his grandfather when he was only three. His deceased father was the only child of Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy, and of Joan III, Countess of Burgundy and Artois. In 1355, Philip married Margaret, daughter of Louis de Mâle, Count of Flanders.[1]

Philip, in his own right, held the counties of Artois and Burgundy from 1349 (inherited from his grandmother),[2] the Duchy of Burgundy from 1349 (inherited from his grandfather) and the counties of Auvergne and Boulogne from 1360 (inherited from his mother). In 1357, by marrying the future Margaret III, Countess of Flanders, then heiress of Flanders, he was promised the counties of Flanders, Nevers, Rethel, and Antwerp, and the duchies of Brabant, and Limburg. Most of these lands were located in the Low Countries.

His mother Joanna, who became Queen of France after her remarriage to King John II of France, governed Burgundy as Philip's guardian until her death in September 1360.[3] Philip was declared of age on 20 October the same year.

Death and succession

In 1361 at the age of 15, Philip died, either of the plague[4] or from injuries suffered in a riding accident,[5] before he could consummate his marriage to Margaret. With his death, King John II of France claimed the duchy for the kingdom of France,[5] making his youngest son Philip the Bold royal lieutenant-general by 27 June 1363 and duke of Burgundy by June 1364.[6]

Ancestors

Ancestors of Philip I, Duke of Burgundy

8. Robert II, Duke of Burgundy

4. Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy

9. Agnes of France

2. Philip II, Count of Auvergne

10. Philip V, King of France

5. Joan III, Countess of Burgundy

11. Joan II, Countess of Burgundy

1. Philip I, Duke of Burgundy

12. Robert VII, Count of Auvergne

6. William XII, Count of Auvergne

13. Blanche of Bourbon

3. Joan I, Countess of Auvergne

14. Louis, Count of Évreux

7. Margaret of Évreux

15. Margaret of Artois

References

Blockmans & Prevenier 1999, p. 13.
Jackson 1999, p. 200.
Sumption 1999, p. 382.
De Winter 1983, p. 95.
Ormrod 2011, p. 417.
Vaughan 2005, p. 152.

Sources

Blockmans, Wim; Prevenier, Walter (1999). Peters, Edward (ed.). The Promised Lands: The Low Countries Under Burgundian Rule, 1369-1530. Translated by Fackelman, Elizabeth. University of Pennsylvania Press.
De Winter, Patrick M. (1983). "Castles and Town Residences of Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy (1364-1404)". Artibus et Historiae. IRSA s.c. 4 (8): 95–118. doi:10.2307/1483216. JSTOR 1483216.
Jackson, Guida M. (1999). Women Rulers Throughout the Ages: An Illustrated Guide. ABC-CLIO.
Ormrod, W. Mark (2011). Edward III. Yale University Press.
Sumption, Jonathan (1999). The Hundred Years War:Trial by Fire. Vol. II. University of Pennsylvania Press.
Vaughan, Richard (2005). Philip the Bold. Vol. 1: The Formation of the Burgundian State. The Boydell Press.