Picometre

The picometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: pm) or picometer (American spelling) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to 1×10−12 m, or one trillionth (1/1000000000000) of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length.

For examples of things measuring between one and ten picometres, see 1 picometre.
Picometre
A simplified representation of a helium atom, having an estimated (calculated) diameter of 62 picometres[1]
General information
Unit systemSI
Unit oflength
Symbolpm
Conversions
1 pm in ...... is equal to ...
   SI base units   1×10−12 m
   Natural units   6.1877×1022 ℓP
   1.8897×10−2 a0
   imperial/US units   3.9370×10−11 in
Look up picometre in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

The picometre is one thousand femtometres, one thousandth of a nanometre (1/1000 nm), one millionth of a micrometre (also known as a micron), one billionth of a millimetre, and one trillionth of a metre.[2] The symbol μμ was once used for it.[3] It is also one hundredth of an ångström, an internationally known (but non-SI) unit of length.

Use

The picometre's length is of an order so small that its application is almost entirely confined to particle physics, quantum physics, chemistry, and acoustics. Atoms are between 62 and 520 pm in diameter, and the typical length of a carbon–carbon single bond is 154 pm. Smaller units still may be used to describe smaller particles (some of which are the components of atoms themselves), such as hadrons and the upper limits of possible size for fermion point particles.

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) probe is planned for launch in 2034 to directly detect gravitational waves and will measure relative displacements with a resolution of 20 picometres over a distance of 2.5 gigametres, yielding a strain sensitivity of better than 1 part in 1020.

References
  1. "Atomic radius". WebElements: the periodic table on the web.
  2. Deza, Elena; Deza, Michel Marie (2006). Dictionary of Distances. Elsevier. ISBN 0-444-52087-2.
  3. Rowlett, Russ (2018). "How Many? A Dictionary of Units of Measurement".
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