Pietro Montana

Pietro Montana (June 29, 1890 – July 6, 1978) was a 20th-century Italian-American sculptor, painter and teacher, noted for his war memorials and religious works.

Montana in his studio with his Bust of José di Diego, circa 1934, Smithsonian Museum of American Art.

Biography
Fighting Doughboy (1926), Wanaque, New Jersey.

He was born in Alcamo, Sicily, the third of six children of Ignazio and Marianna Montana. The family emigrated to the United States in 1904, and settled in Brooklyn, New York City. As a teen, he apprenticed under a photographer, then started his own photography studio in the family home. He attended night classes for six years at the School of Art, Cooper Union, studying under George Thomas Brewster and graduating in 1915. He also studied at the Mechanics Institute.[1]

He made a spectacular professional debut with Fighting Doughboy, the winner in a 1919 war memorial design competition sponsored by the Unity Republican Club of Brooklyn. Rather than a conventional passive figure, he modeled an aggressive soldier with clenched fist, ready to throw a punch. The lifesize sculpture was unveiled in Heisser Park on November 20, 1921. Bronze replicas are in North Arlington, New Jersey; and Alliance, Ohio. Zinc replicas, cast by the J. W. Fiske Architectural Metals Company of New York City, are in Riverdale, New Jersey; Suffern, New York;[2] and elsewhere.

That same year he unveiled a traditional Beaux Arts sculpture for Brooklyn's Freedom Square Park – Victory with Peace – a classical nike (winged goddess), but one who holds aloft an olive branch, instead of a sword.

His next commission, The Dawn of Glory, probably is his most famous work. It depicts the soul of a dead soldier wrapped in an American Flag ascending to heaven. The sculpture is a one-and-one-half-lifesize nude, and the bodybuilder Charles Atlas (born Angelo Siciliano) posed for it.[3] It was unveiled in Brooklyn's Highland Park on July 13, 1924.[4]

His Minute Man sculpture for the World War I memorial in East Providence, Rhode Island, is even more intimidating than Fighting Doughboy. The physicality of the soldier is striking – the model may have been Charles Atlas, again – and the knife he clutches (now broken) along with his slashed trousers and wounded thigh suggest that he has just emerged as victor from bloody hand-to-hand combat. The monument was dedicated on July 30, 1927.

His last large-scale war memorial was for the town of Mirabella Imbaccari, Sicily, and was commissioned by Sicilian-Americans living in New York City.[5] It features a bronze, one-and-one-half-lifesize centurion – nude, but for belt, helmet and cape – who protects and comforts a clothed woman collapsed at his feet. Monumento ai Caduti (Monument to the Fallen) was unveiled in 1938, almost twenty years after the end of World War I.

He modeled a bust of Italian engineer Guglielmo Marconi for the 1939 New York World's Fair, and later donated it to the Engineers' Hall of Fame.[6]

Montana co-founded the Leonardo da Vinci School of Art in the late-1920s, where he taught for several years. In the 1930s, he taught at the Roerich Academy of Arts. As artist-in-residence at Fordham University from 1947 to 1952, he taught painting and sculpture, and executed a number of school commissions. Most notable among these are the fourteen Stations of the Cross bas-relief panels in the University Chapel, which feature half-lifesize figures carved out of white oak.

He created commemorative medallions, including two sets of religious medallions for the Franklin Mint. Copies of his 1957 St. Francis of Assisi medallion for the Society of Medalists are in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[7] the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston,[8] and other museums.

Honors
The Dawn of Glory (1924), Highland Park War Memorial, Brooklyn, New York.

He exhibited at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts — 1919, 1920, 1924, 1930–1936, 1943–1948; the National Academy of Design — 1918, 1919, 1921, 1931 (Gold Medal for Orphans); the Allied Artists of America — 1932–1949 (Gold Medals 1942 & 1949); and elsewhere.[9]

He was elected an associate of the National Academy of Design in 1968, and an academician in 1970. He was also a member of the National Sculpture Society and the Allied Artists of America.

He received the Daniel Chester French Medal for Religious Sculpture, the Allied Artists of America Award, the Medal of Honor of the Catholic Fine Arts Society and the award of the National Academy of Design.

Personal

He became a naturalized American citizen in 1921. He married Alfrieda Kramer on April 3, 1930, and they lived in Brooklyn, and later Manhattan. The couple moved to Rome, Italy in 1962, where they resided until Alfrieda's death in 1975. Montana returned to the United States and lived with a niece in Bayville, New York.

Late in life, he donated many of his smaller works to Fordham University and to Capital University, in Columbus, Ohio. He donated his papers to the Archives of American Art at the Smithsonian Institution.[10] A year before his death, he completed an autobiography.

The Pietro and Alfrieda Montana Memorial Prize is awarded annually by the National Sculpture Society.

Selected works

War memorials
Minute Man (1927), World War I Memorial, East Providence, Rhode Island.
Montana's name on the World War I Memorial in East Providence, Rhode Island.
  • Fighting Doughboy (bronze, 1919–21), Bushwick-Ridgewood World War Memorial, Heisser Park, Myrtle & Knickerbocker Avenues, Brooklyn, New York, Giles Pollard Greene (1888–1941), architect.[11]
    • Fighting Doughboy (zinc, 1921), Soldiers Monument, Washington & Lafayette Avenues, Suffern, New York.[12]
    • Fighting Doughboy (zinc, circa 1923), Riverdale Public School, Pompton-Newark Turnpike, Riverdale, New Jersey.[13]
    • Fighting Doughboy (bronze, 1924), Soldiers' Memorial, Borough Hall, 3 Legion Place, North Arlington, New Jersey.[14]
    • Fighting Doughboy (zinc, 1926), Wanaque War Memorial, Borough Hall, Wanaque, New Jersey.[15] Instead of a clenched fist, the doughboy has a grenade in his right hand.
    • Fighting Doughboy (bronze 1922 casting, repaired 2001), Weybrecht family plot, City Cemetery, Alliance, Ohio.[16]
  • Victory with Peace (1921), Freedom Triangle War Memorial, Myrtle & Bushwick Avenues, Brooklyn, New York, William H. Deacy, architect.[17]
  • Dawn of Glory (1924), Highland Park War Memorial, Jamaica Avenue & Cleveland Street, Brooklyn, New York.[18]
  • Minute Man (1927), World War I Memorial, Taunton Avenue & Wheldon Street, East Providence, Rhode Island.[19][20]
  • Monumento ai Caduti (Monument to the Fallen) (1938), Palazzo Biscari, Mirabella Imbaccari, Sicily, Italy.[21]

Religious works
Basilique du Sanctuaire National de l'Immaculée Conception, Washington, D.C.

Other works

Medallions and miniatures

Paintings
  • Training Horses (1944).[46]
  • Portrait of Major General Nathaniel A. Burnell II (1957), U.S. Department of Defense.[47]
  • Self-portrait (1968), National Academy of Design, New York City.

References
  1. New York City Parks website
  2. Krattinger, William (June 2005). "National Register of Historic Places Nomination - Washington Avenue Soldier's Monument and Triangle". National Park Service. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2014-07-06.
  3. Charles Atlas posing for Dawn of Glory, 1924.
  4. Dawn of Glory, from NYC Parks.
  5. Monumento ai Caduti (Monument to the Fallen), from Mirabella Imbaccari.
  6. Electrical Engineering, vol. 72, iss. 12 (December 1955), pp. 1096-99.
  7. St. Francis Medallion, from Metropolitan Museum of Art.
  8. St. Francis Medallion, from Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
  9. Biography of Pietro MONTANA (1890-1978), from ArtPrice.
  10. Pietro Montana Papers.
  11. Fighting Doughboy (Brooklyn), from SIRIS.
  12. Fighting Doughboy (Suffern), from SIRIS.
  13. Fighting Doughboy (Riverdale), from SIRIS.
  14. Fighting Doughboy (North Arlington), from SIRIS.
  15. Fighting Doughboy (Wanaque), from SIRIS.
  16. Sculpting Doughboys, p. 202.
  17. Freedom Square War Memorial, from SIRIS.
  18. Dawn of Glory, from SIRIS.
  19. Minute Man, from SIRIS.
  20. Onorato, Ronald J. (2001). "National Register of Historic Places Nomination - East Providence World War I Memorial". National Park Service. Retrieved 2014-07-07.
  21. Monumento ai Caduti, from Wikimedia Commons.
  22. Exhibition of Sculpture under the Auspices of the National Sculpture Society (Whitney Museum of American Art, 1940).
  23. "University to receive the bust of Holy Father," The Fordham Ram, April 27, 1945.
  24. Stations of the Cross, Fordham University Chapel, from Wikimedia Commons.
  25. "Here Jesus is nailed to the Cross," from Fordham University.
  26. "Easton Soap Opry Menace Poses for Statue of Saint," Sunday Herald (Bridgeport, Connecticut), March 22, 1953.
  27. Northwest apse of Basilica, from DC Memorials.
  28. St. John the Baptist, from Dreamstime.
  29. "Will unveil tablet to Mark Twain soon," The New York Times, April 26, 1925.
  30. Mark Twain–Washington Irving Tablet, from PBase.
  31. "Bust of 'Mother' Davison to be unveiled," from Newspapers.com.
  32. Carroll Memorial, from NYC Parks.
  33. Pietro Montana in his studio, from Smithsonian American Art Museum.
  34. Bas-relief bust of Marconi, from IEEE.
  35. Mutual Trust, from Klippans Kommun (scroll to photo #9).
  36. Pontiac, from Historic Marker Database.
  37. Orphans (National Academy of Design), from SIRIS.
  38. Orphans (Brookgreen Gardens), from SIRIS.
  39. Orphans Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine, from Brookgreen Gardens.
  40. Zukor Medal, from eBay.
  41. Zukor Plaque, from Medal Blog.
  42. HVAA Medal, from Hudson Valley Art Association.
  43. St. Francis Medallion, from SIRIS.
  44. St. Francis Medallion Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine, from Medals4Trade.
  45. The Parables of Jesus, from eBay.
  46. Training Horses Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine, from James G. Julia, Inc.
  47. Portrait of General Burnell, from the National Archives.

Sources
  • "The Work of Pietro Montana," National Sculpture Review (Summer, 1970).
  • Pietro Montana, Memories: An Autobiography (Exposition Press, 1977) ISBN 0-68-248841-0
  • Pietro Montana obituary, The New York Times, July 21, 1978.
  • Pietro Montana, 1890 – 1978, National Academy Museum and School, New York City.
  • Cal Snyder, Out of Fire and Valor: The War Memorials of New York City, (Bunker Hill Publishing, 2005). ISBN 1-59-373051-9
  • Jennifer Wingate, Sculpting Doughboys: Memory, Gender and Taste in America's World War I Memorials, (Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2013). ISBN 1-40-940655-5

Other projects
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.