Pietro Pitati
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Pietro Pitati | |
|---|---|
| Born | 16th century |
| Died | c. 1550 |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | Mathematics, astronomy |
Pietro Pitati (in Latin, Petrus Pitatus) (?-fl. ca. 1550) was an Italian astronomer and mathematician. Bernardino Baldi, in his Cronica de matematici (1707) calls Pitati a noble Veronese who was trained in mathematics by a Benedictine friar named Innocentio da Novara.[1]
It is known that he was the author of several astronomical works and almanacs. His Paschales atque nouiluniorum mensurni canones. De varia paschalis solemnitatis obseruatione...De Hebraica anni quantitate...Calendarium nouum cum noua aurei numeri positione, ortu quoque, & occasu stellarum fixarum (Venice, March 1537) is one of many sixteenth century attempts to reform the calendar, and establish, among other things, the correct day of Easter. This was his first work.[2]
Pitati also wrote another book bearing on the length of the solar and lunar year, the fixed stars, and calendar reform, entitled: Compendium . . . super annua solaris atque lunaris anni quantitate Paschalis item solennitatis juxta veteres ecclesiae canones recognitione Romanique calendarii instauratione deque vero Passionis Dominicae die ortu quoque et occasu stellarum fixarum, in tres divisum Tractatus.[3] Pitati's proposal for calendar reform "pleaded for the rule whereby three out of four centennial years be ordinary (non leap-years). This is [now] the Gregorian rule."[4]
Pitati compiled ephemerides, to which he added supplements over the years, such as Almanach nouum...Superadditis annis quinque supra ... Ephemeridas 1551. ad futurum Christi annum 1556. Isagogica in coelestem Astronomicam disciplinam ... Tractatus tres perbreues de Electionibus, Reuolutionibus annorum, & mutatione aeris. Item horariae tabulae per altitudinem solis in die, ac stellarum in nocte ad medium sexti climatis.(Venice, 1542).
The lunar crater Pitatus is named after him. The mathematician and astronomer Giovanni Padovani was a student of Pitati.
Works
- Paschales atque noviluniorum mensurni canones (in Latin). Venezia: Lucantonio Giunta (1.). 1537.
- Compendium super annua solaris, atque lunaris anni quantitate, Paschalis item solennitatis iuxta veteres Ecclesiae canones recognitione, Romanisque calendarii instauratione (in Latin). Venezia: Domenico Nicolini da Sabbio. 1564.
- Verae solaris atque lunaris anni quantitatis aliarumque rerum ad calendarii romani emendationem pertinentium (in Latin). Berna: Peter Perna. 1568.
References
- Table of contents for Baldi, Cronica de matematici, 1707 Archived 2005-04-08 at the Wayback Machine.
- This entry (in a rare-books catalogue) suggests that a similar treatise was presented to Pope Pius IV in 1550, but "never published". On the other hand, Pitati's Compendium (next item described in the main article) contained material bearing on calendar reform and was published in more than one edition, it was said by J D North (1983, cited below) to have been written 1539; the sources appear to show some uncertainty or inconsistency about identifying versions of Pitati's writings.
- This 'Compendium' of Pitati is cited by J D North (1983, cited below) as written 1539 and published at Verona (1564); but Lynn Thorndike wrote that it appeared at Verona, 1560, with a revised edition published at Basel in 1568 (Lynn Thorndike, 'A history of magic and experimental science: vol.V, the sixteenth century', New York, 1941, Columbia University Press, at page 265).
- J D North, "The Western Calendar - 'Intolerabilis, Horribilis, et Derisibilis': Four Centuries of Discontent", pages 75-113 in G.V. Coyne (ed.), The Gregorian Reform of the Calendar: Proceedings of the Vatican conference to commemorate its 400th anniversary. (Vatican City: Specola Vaticana), 1983, at page 101.