Po (lateral thinking)
Po is a word that precedes and signals a provocation. A provocation is an idea which moves thinking forward to a new place from where new ideas or solutions may be found.
Etymology
The term po was created by Edward de Bono as part of a lateral thinking technique to suggest forward movement, that is, making a statement and seeing where it leads to. It is an extraction from words such as hypothesis, suppose, possible and poetry, all of which indicate forward movement and contain the syllable "po." Po can be taken to refer to any of the following: provoking operation, provocative operation or provocation operation. Also, in Maori, the word "po" refers to the original chaotic state of formlessness, from which evolution occurred. Edward de Bono argues that this context as well applies to the term.
Usage
Initiating a proposal
For example, in response to "sales are dropping off because our product is perceived as old fashioned":
- po: Change the colour of the packaging
- po: Flood the market with even older-looking products to make it seem more appealing
- po: Call it retro
- po: Sell it to old people
- po: Sell it to young people as a gift for old people
- po: Open a museum dedicated to it
- po: Market it as a new product
Some of the above ideas may be impractical, not sensible or not business-minded. The value of these ideas is that they move thinking from a place where it is entrenched to a place where it can move.
The above ideas might develop into:
- po: Change the colour of the packaging
- update the product casing to bring it up to date (electronic goods can often do this)
- po: Flood the market with even older-looking products to make it seem more appealing
- take a cut down version and release it as an older cheaper one to make this product seem like the top of the line
- po: Call it retro
- instead of retro say "tried and tested" or "industry standard"
- po: Sell it to old people
- good idea
- po: Sell it to young people as a gift for old people
- good idea
- po: Open a museum dedicated to it
- exhibit only your competitor's products
- sell this product in the museum
- make the experience educational within your sector
- open a café
- accept group bookings
- add a theme park
- po: Market it as a new product
- give it a new name and call it state of the art
The point of these examples is that an initial po may seem silly, but a further development may seem very good indeed. The intermediate silly idea is a necessary step to find the good idea. If silly ideas are not allowed to form, the subsequent good idea will be undiscovered. Po allows silly ideas to form so that good ones can follow.
As an interjection
Po is also an interjection, considered as an alternative to yes or no. Indicating that you need to know more before answering an expression of an idea or thought. Imagine it as a word that means: "I think I know what you mean, but can you say it in another way so I may more fully understand you". Its use indicates respect for the other.
Po is used as a term of self discovery when used in connection with the "color corrected" co-creation wheel of Barbara Marx Hubbard.
References
Sources
- Edward de Bono. The Mechanism of Mind (1969). ISBN 0-224-61709-5, introduced the term po in chapter 34, The New Functional Word
- Edward de Bono. Po: A Device for Successful Thinking (1972). ISBN 0-671-21338-5
- Edward de Bono. Po: Beyond Yes and No (1973). ISBN 0-14-021715-0
- Edward de Bono. Serious Creativity (1992). ISBN 0-00-255143-8