Posen (region)

Posen was the southern of two Prussian administrative regions, or Regierungsbezirke (Polish: rejencja), of the Grand Duchy of Posen (1815–1849) and its successor, the Province of Posen (1849–1918). The administrative region was bordered on the north by Regierungsbezirk Bromberg, to the west by the Province of Brandenburg, to the south by the Silesia Province, and to the east by Russian Congress Poland.

Province of Posen 1887-1919
  Regierungsbezirk Posen

The Posen region was inhabited mainly by Poles practicing Roman Catholicism, although it had a minority of Germans, mostly Protestants. After World War I, most of the territory of this region was ceded to Poland.

Divisions

Note: Prussian provinces were subdivided into units called Kreise (singular Kreis, abbreviated Kr., English "circle"), which were similar to large counties in US terms. Cities would have their own Stadtkreis (English: "urban district") and the surrounding rural area would be named for the city, but referred to as a Landkreis (English: "rural district"). In the case of Posen, the Landkreis was split into two: Landkreis Posen West, and Landkreis Posen East. The region was originally divided into 16 larger Kreise, which were later divided into the final 27 Kreise, the larger ones spinning off smaller units.

Demographics

The administrative region of Posen had a majority Polish population, with a significant German minority who were mostly concentrated in the western districts.[1]

Ethnolinguistic structure in Regierungsbezirk Posen (1910) [1]
District Polish Name Population German % Polish % Bilingual %
Adelnau Odolanów 36,306 4,681 12.9% 31,537 86.9% 87 0.2%
Birnbaum Międzychód 28,887 14,069 48.7% 14,513 50.2% 264 0.9%
Bomst Babimost 63,120 30,980 49.1% 31,794 50.4% 214 0.3%
Fraustadt Wschowa 28,914 19,663 68.0% 8,902 30.8% 332 1.1%
Gostyn Gostyń 48,326 6,528 13.5% 41,720 86.3% 70 0.1%
Grätz Grodzisk Wielkopolski 36,483 5,997 16.4% 30,280 83.0% 191 0.5%
Jarotschin Jarocin 51,626 9,236 17.9% 42,168 81.7% 197 0.4%
Kempen Kępno 37,050 5,933 16.0% 30,697 82.9% 236 0.6%
Koschmin Koźmin Wielkopolski 33,519 5,719 17.1% 27,685 82.6% 58 0.2%
Kosten Kościan 47,325 5,149 10.9% 42,091 88.9% 50 0.1%
Krotoschin Krotoszyn 46,874 15,822 33.8% 30,709 65.5% 324 0.7%
Lissa Leszno 44,579 27,451 61.6% 16,659 37.4% 426 1.0%
Meseritz Międzyrzecz 53,306 41,059 77.0% 12,207 22.9% 0 0.0%
Neutomischel Nowy Tomyśl 34,292 15,700 45.8% 18,481 53.9% 109 0.3%
Obornik Oborniki 55,880 22,450 40.2% 33,139 59.3% 245 0.4%
Ostrowo Ostrów Wielkopolski 43,887 9,713 22.1% 33,970 77.4% 165 0.4%
Pleschen Pleszew 37,362 6,200 16.6% 30,965 82.9% 128 0.3%
Stadtkreis Posen Poznań 156,691 65,319 41.7% 89,351 57.0% 1,311 0.8%
Posen West Poznań, Zach. 43,129 7,374 17.1% 35,474 82.3% 236 0.5%
Posen Ost Poznań, Wsch. 49,119 14,102 28.7% 34,795 70.8% 174 0.4%
Rawitsch Rawicz 50,523 21,253 42.1% 29,150 57.7% 92 0.2%
Samter Szamotuły 66,856 17,071 25.5% 49,589 74.2% 143 0.2%
Schildberg Ostrzeszów 37,290 5,470 14.7% 31,100 83.4% 718 1.9%
Schmiegel Śmigiel 36,383 6,626 18.2% 29,544 81.2% 207 0.6%
Schrimm Śrem 57,483 10,017 17.4% 47,088 81.9% 366 0.6%
Schroda Środa Wielkopolska 49,176 6,201 12.6% 42,870 87.2% 92 0.2%
Schwerin in Posen Skwierzyna 21,620 19,729 91.3% 1,722 8.0% 142 0.7%
Wreschen Września 39,878 7,720 19.4% 31,859 79.9% 290 0.7%
Total - 1,335,884 427,232 32.0% 900,059 67.4% 6,867 0.5%

References
  1. Belzyt, Leszek (1998). Sprachliche Minderheiten im preussischen Staat: 1815 - 1914 ; die preußische Sprachenstatistik in Bearbeitung und Kommentar. Marburg: Herder-Inst. ISBN 978-3-87969-267-5.

52°24′00″N 16°55′00″E

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