Stephen Mopope

Stephen Mopope (1898–1974) was a Kiowa painter, dancer, and Native American flute player from Oklahoma. He was the most prolific member of the group of artists known as the Kiowa Six.[1]

Early life

Stephen Mopope was born on 27 August 1898 near the Redstone Baptist Mission on the Kiowa Reservation in Indian Territory. Qued Koi was his Kiowa name, which translates as "Painted Robe,"[2] and is sometimes spelled, "Wood Coy."[3] His maternal grandfather was Appiatan, a famed Kiowa warrior, and his great-uncles were Silver Horn and Oheltoint (Ohettoint), both of whom were accomplished artists. Oheltoint was one of the Fort Marion ledger artists.[1] Mopope's paternal grandfather was a Spanish captive, adopted by Kiowa chief Many Bears.[2]

When Mopope was a young child, his relatives observed him drawing pictures in the sand, so the artists in his family taught him how to paint on hides in the traditional manner. His grandmother was also instrumental in his early education.[2]

In 1916, Mopope attended St. Patrick's Indian Mission School in Anadarko, Oklahoma, where he received further art instruction under Sister Olivia Taylor, a Choctaw nun. In a move that contradicted US federal policy at the time, Susan Peters, the Kiowa agency field matron, arranged for Mrs. Willie Baze Lane, an artist from Chickasha, Oklahoma, to teach painting classes for young Kiowas in Anadarko. Recognizing the talent of some of the young artists, Peters convinced Swedish-American artist, Oscar Jacobson, director of the University of Oklahoma's School of Art to accept the Kiowa students into a special program at the school,[4] in which they were coached and encouraged by Edith Mahier.[5]

Kiowa Six

The Kiowa Six included Mopope as well as fellow artists Spencer Asah, James Auchiah, Jack Hokeah, Lois Smoky and Monroe Tsatoke. Auchiah was the last to join the group at OU in 1926.[4]

In 1928, the Kiowa Six made their debut into the international fine arts world, when they participated in the First International Art Exposition in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Dr. Jacobson arranged for their work to be shown in several other countries and for Kiowa Art, a portfolio of pochoir prints and artists' paintings, to be published in France.[4]

Art career
Detail of mural, a ceremonial shield with a bull's head, by Stephen Mopope, at the Department of Interior, Washington, D.C

Mopope was commissionined to paint murals in the US Department of the Interior building in Washington, DC, along with five other Native aristists, including James Auchiah. Mopope's mural was 6 by 60 feet and portrayed a Kiowa ceremonial dance.[1]

He joined the Native American Church and created stylized paintings that combined ceremonial implements with religious imagery.[6] Besides being a visual artist, he was a highly accomplished dancer and flute-player.[7]

Mopope's work was part of Stretching the Canvas: Eight Decades of Native Painting (2019–21), a survey at the National Museum of the American Indian George Gustav Heye Center in New York.[8]

Mopope's granddaughter Vanessa Jennings is a Kiowa/Apache/Pima beadwork artist and regalia maker.

Public collections

Mopope's work can be found in the following public art collections:

Death

On 2 February 1974, Mopope died at Fort Cobb, Oklahoma.[1]

Notes
  1. Watson, Mary Jo. Mopope, Stephen (1898-1974) Archived 2010-07-29 at the Wayback Machine. Oklahoma Historical Society's Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. (2 May 2009)
  2. Lester, 372
  3. Wyckoff, 192
  4. Pochoir prints of ledger drawings by the Kiowa Five, 1929. Smithsonian Institution Research Information System. (retrieved 29 April 2009)
  5. Campbell, Isabel (1928). "With Southwestern Artists: All Indians have Six Fingers". Southwest Review. Dallas, Texas: Southern Methodist University. 14 (3): 360–369. ISSN 0038-4712. JSTOR 43466014.
  6. Swan, 77-78
  7. Swan, 77
  8. "Stretching the Canvas: Eight Decades of Native Painting". National Museum of the American Indian. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
  9. "Artist Info". www.nga.gov. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
  10. "Stephen Mopope". Smithsonian American Art Museum. Retrieved 29 August 2018.
  11. "Guide to Catholic - Related Records in the Midwest about Native Americans" (PDF). marquette.edu. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Marquette University. 2006. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 May 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2018.

References
  • Lester, Patrick D. The Biographical Directory of Native American Painters. Norman and London: The Oklahoma University Press, 1995. ISBN 0-8061-9936-9.
  • Swan, Daniel C. Peyote Religious Art: Symbols and Faith and Belief. Jackson, University of Mississippi Press, 1999. ISBN 1-57806-096-6.
  • Wyckoff, Lydia L., ed. Visions and voices : Native American painting from the Philbrook Museum of Art. Tulsa, OK: Philbrook Museum of Art, 1996. ISBN 0-86659-013-7.
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