Queen Wonhwa

Queen Wonhwa of the Gyeongju Choe clan (Korean: 원화왕후 최씨; Hanja: 元和王后 崔氏) was a Goryeo princess as the younger daughter and child of King Seongjong, from Lady Yeonchang[4] who became a queen consort through her marriage with her half first cousin once removed, King Hyeonjong as his 2nd wife. From this marriage, Queen Wonhwa became the eighth reigned Goryeo queen who followed her maternal clan after Queen Wonjeong, her half-sister.

Queen Wonhwa
원화왕후
Princess of Goryeo
PredecessorQueen Wonjeong[1]
MonarchWang Chi, King Seongjong
Queen consort of Goryeo
Tenure?–?
PredecessorQueen Wonjeong
SuccessorQueen Wonseong
SpouseHyeonjong of Goryeo
IssueWang Su
Princess Hyojeong[2]
Princess Cheonsu[3]
Regnal name
  • Princess Consort (Queen; 왕비, 王妃) of the Hangchun Hall (항춘전, 恒春殿) → Sangchun Hall (상춘전, 常春殿)
  • Queen Daemyeong (대명왕후, 大明王后)
Posthumous name
Wonhwa (원화, 元和; "Primary and Harmonious")
House
FatherSeongjong of Goryeo
MotherLady Yeonchang of the Gyeongju Choe clan

Upon her marriage, she was honoured as Princess Consort Hangchun (항춘전왕비, 恒春殿王妃) and later changed into Princess Consort Sangchun (상춘전왕비, 常春殿王妃) followed her residence after married which was "Hangchun Hall" (항춘전, 恒春殿) before the name changed to "Sangchun Hall" (상춘전, 常春殿).[5] Beside that, she was also known as Queen Daemyeong (대명왕후, 大明王后) while lived in the "Daemyeong Palace" (대명궁, 大明宮).[6] She also bore Hyeonjong a son and two daughters.[5] In 1010, when the Khitans invaded, She and Hyeonjong went to Naju, Jeollanam-do[7] and after retreated, they returned to Gaegyeong.

In 1017 (8th year reign of King Hyeonjong), her maternal families was given royal titles and ranks, such as her maternal grandfather, Choe Haeng-eon (최행언) was granted a royal position, Sangseojwabokya (상서좌복야, 尙書右僕射);[8] her maternal grandmother, Lady Gim was given a royal title, "Grand Lady of the Pungsan County" (풍산군대부인, 豊山郡大夫人); while her mother, Lady Yeonchang was honoured as "Grand Lady of the Nakrang County" (낙랑군대부인, 樂浪郡大夫人).[9] Although her death date is unknown, but she later received her Posthumous name of Won-hwa (원화, 元和).[5]

References
  1. Half older sister.
  2. "고려사 > 권91 > 열전 권제4 > 공주(公主) > 현종 소생 공주 > 효정공주". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  3. "고려사 > 권91 > 열전 권제4 > 공주(公主) > 현종 소생 공주 > 천수전주". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  4. "고려사 > 권91 > 열전 권제4 > 공주(公主) > 성종 소생 공주 > 원화왕후". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  5. "고려사 > 권88 > 열전 권제1 > 후비(后妃) > 현종 후비 원화왕후 최씨". History of Goryeo (in Korean). Retrieved February 9, 2022.
  6. Young-kon, Kim (2016). 북타임스 고려왕비열전 18. 현종과 원성 왕후 김씨 [Booktimes Biographies of the Goryeo Royal Consorts 18. Hyunjong and the Wonsung Queen of the Kim clan] (in Korean). Goldstar Publishing House. ISBN 9788907902092.
  7. 韓國女性關係資料集: 中世篇(中) [A Collection of Korean Women's Relationships: The Middle Ages (Part 2)] (in Korean). Ewha Womans University Women's Research Center: Ewha Womans University Press. 1985. p. 17. ISBN 9788973000432.
  8. 국역 "고려사".: 열전. 20-28 [National History "History of Koryo".: Biographies. 20-28] (in Korean). National Culture. 2006. p. 39. ISBN 9788982080869.
  9. 읽기 쉬운 고려왕 이야기 [An Easy-to-read Story of the Goryeo Kings] (in Korean). Korean History Research Institute: Taoreum. 2009. ISBN 9788996200888.
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