Law Reports

The Law Reports is the name of a series of law reports published by the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting.

This article is about a specific law report. For law reports in general, see Law report.

Pursuant to a practice direction given by Lord Judge during his tenure as the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, the Law Reports are "the most authoritative reports" and should always be "cited in preference where there is a choice."[1] This requirement is further referred to in respect of appeals to the Court of Appeal in paragraph 29(2) of Practice Direction 52C of the Civil Procedure Rules.[2]

This series is now divided into four main sub-series:

  • Law Reports, Appeal Cases, covering decisions of the House of Lords (and, since 2009, the Supreme Court), the Privy Council and the Court of Appeal – started in 1866 as the Law Reports, English & Irish Appeals,[3] renamed in 1875[4] and redesigned in 1891;[5]
  • Law Reports, Chancery Division, covering decisions of the Chancery Division of the High Court – started in 1865 as the Law Reports, Chancery Appeal Cases,[6] renamed in 1875[7] and redesigned in 1890;[8]
  • Law Reports, Family Division, covering decisions of the Family Division of the High Court – started in 1865 as the Law Reports, Probate & Divorce Cases,[9] renamed Law Reports, Probate, Divorce & Admiralty Division in 1875,[10] renamed Law Reports, Probate in 1891[11] and renamed in 1972;[12] and
  • Law Reports, Queen's Bench, covering decision of the Queen's Bench Division of the High Court – started in 1865,[13] renamed Law Reports, Queen's Bench Division in 1875, renamed in 1891,[14] renamed Law Reports, King's Bench in 1901[15] and renamed in 1952.[14]

Series[16]

The number and names of the series have changed. This is partly due to the merger of existing courts, the merger of existing divisions of individual courts, and the creation of new divisions of individual courts. Citation of series has also changed.

1865 to 1875

The Law Reports were originally divided into eleven series. Glanville Williams said that "roughly speaking" there was a series for each of the superior courts.[17] The series were:

  • House of Lords, English and Irish Appeals
  • House of Lords, Scotch and Divorce Appeals
  • Privy Council Appeals
  • Chancery Appeal Cases
  • Equity Cases
  • Crown Cases Reserved
  • Queens Bench Cases
  • Common Pleas Cases
  • Exchequer Cases
  • Admiralty and Ecclesiastical Cases
  • Probate and Divorce Cases

House of Lords, English and Irish Appeals. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... HL ...

House of Lords, Scotch and Divorce Appeals. These reports may be cited in the following ways:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) L.R. ... H.L.Sc. ...
... v ... (...) L.R. ... H.L.Sc. and Div. ...

Privy Council Appeals. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... PC ...

Chancery Appeal Cases. These reports may be cited in the following ways:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... Ch ...
... v ... (...) LR ... Ch App ...

Equity Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... Eq ...

Crown Cases Reserved. These reports may be cited in the following ways:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... CC ...
... v ... (...) LR ... CCR ...

Queens Bench Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... QB ...

Common Pleas Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... CP ...

Exchequer Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... Ex ...

Admiralty and Ecclesiastical Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... A & E ...

Probate and Divorce Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) report volume series page
... v ... (...) LR ... P & D ...

1875 to 1880

In 1875, the number of series was reduced to six. This was due to the creation of the High Court and a decision on the part of the publishers, to put the House of Lords, the Privy Council and the new Court of Appeal in the same volume, and to group Crown Cases Reserved and the Queen's Bench Division together. The series were:

  • Appeal Cases
  • Chancery Division
  • Queens Bench Division
  • Common Pleas Division
  • Exchequer Division
  • Probate Division

There was a change in the mode of citation. The abbreviation "LR" ceased to be used.

Appeal Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... App Cas ...

Chancery Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... Ch D ...

Queens Bench Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... QBD ...

Common Pleas Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... CPD ...

Exchequer Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... Ex D ...

Probate Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... PD ...

1881 to 1890

In 1881, the number of series was reduced to four. This is because the Common Pleas and Exchequer Divisions of the High Court were incorporated in the Queen's Bench Division of that court in 1880:

  • Appeal Cases
  • Chancery Division
  • Queens Bench Division
  • Probate Division

Appeal Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... App Cas ...

Chancery Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... Ch D ...

Queens Bench Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... QBD ...

Probate Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause (year of decision) volume series page
... v ... (...) ... PD ...

1891 onwards

There have continued to be four series during this period, but their names have changed from time to time.

  • Appeal Cases
  • Chancery Division
  • Queens Bench Division (1891 - 1901, 1952 onwards)/Kings Bench Division (1901 - 1952) (From 1907, this series included decisions of the Court of Criminal Appeal in place of the former Court for Crown Cases Reserved.)
  • Probate (Replaced in 1972 by a series called Family, due to the creation of the Family Division of the High Court)

In 1891, there was a change in the mode of citation. Volumes published from 1891 onwards are cited by the year in which they were published and numbered according to the order of publication in that year, if more than one volume has been published in that year.

Appeal Cases. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause [year of report] volume (if applicable) series page
... v ... [...] ... AC ...

Chancery Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause [year of report] volume (if applicable) series page
... v ... [...] ... Ch ...

Queens Bench Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause [year of report] volume (if applicable) series page
R v Abbott [1955] 2 QB 497
R v Adams [1980] QB 575

Kings Bench Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause [year of report] volume (if applicable) series page
... v ... [...] ... KB ...

Probate Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause [year of report] volume (if applicable) series page
... v ... [...] ... P ...

Family Division. These reports may be cited thus:

Style of cause [year of report] volume (if applicable) series page
... v ... [...] ... Fam ...

See also

References
  1. "Practice Direction: Citation of Authorities (2012)" (PDF). Judiciary.uk. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
  2. "Practice Direction 52C". Justice.gov.uk. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
  3. "Law Reports, English & Irish Appeals". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  4. "Law Reports, Appeal Cases (Second Series)". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  5. "Law Reports, Appeal Cases (Third Series)". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  6. "Law Reports, Chancery Appeal Cases". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  7. "Law Reports, Chancery Division (2nd Series)". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  8. "Law Reports, Chancery Division (3rd Series)". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  9. "Law Reports, Probate & Divorce Cases". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  10. "Law Reports, Probate, Divorce & Admiralty Division". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  11. "Law Reports, Probate". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  12. "Law Reports, Family Division". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  13. "Law Reports, Queen's Bench (1st Series)". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  14. "Law Reports, Queen's Bench (3rd Series)". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  15. "Law Reports, King's Bench". Cardiff Index to Legal Abbreviations. Cardiff University. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2010.
  16. Glanville Williams, Learning the Law, Eleventh Edition, Stevens, 1982, page 39
  17. Glanville Williams, Learning the Law, Eleventh Edition, Stevens, 1982, page 37
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