Isotopes of radon

There are 39 known isotopes of radon (₈₆Rn), from ¹⁹³Rn to ²³¹Rn; all are radioactive. The most stable isotope is ²²²Rn with a half-life of 3.823 days, which decays into ²¹⁸
Po
. Five isotopes of radon, ^{217, 218, 219, 220, 222}Rn, occur in trace quantities in nature as decay products of, respectively, ²¹⁷At, ²¹⁸At, ²²³Ra, ²²⁴Ra, and ²²⁶Ra. ²¹⁷Rn is produced in a rare branch in the decay chain of trace quantities of ²³⁷Np; ²²²Rn (and also ²¹⁸Rn in a rare branch) is an intermediate step in the decay chain of ²³⁸U;[2] ²¹⁹Rn is an intermediate step in the decay chain of ²³⁵U; and ²²⁰Rn occurs in the decay chain of ²³²Th.

List of isotopes

Nuclide [n 1]	Historic name	Z	N	Isotopic mass (Da) [n 2][n 3]	Half-life	Decay mode	Daughter isotope	Spin and parity [n 4][n 5]	Isotopic abundance
Nuclide [n 1]	Historic name	Excitation energy[n 5]			Half-life	Decay mode	Daughter isotope	Spin and parity [n 4][n 5]	Isotopic abundance
¹⁹³Rn[3]		86	107		1.15(27) ms	α
¹⁹⁴Rn[3]		86	108		0.78(16) ms	α		0+
¹⁹⁵Rn		86	109	195.00544(5)	6+3 −2 ms[4]	α		(3/2−)
^195mRn		~59 keV			5+3 −2 ms[4]	α		(13/2+)
¹⁹⁶Rn		86	110	196.002115(16)	4.7(11) ms [4.4(+13−9) ms]	α	¹⁹²Po	0+
¹⁹⁶Rn		86	110	196.002115(16)	4.7(11) ms [4.4(+13−9) ms]	β⁺ (rare)	¹⁹⁶At	0+
¹⁹⁷Rn		86	111	197.00158(7)	66(16) ms [65(+23−14) ms]	α	¹⁹³Po	3/2−#
¹⁹⁷Rn		86	111	197.00158(7)	66(16) ms [65(+23−14) ms]	β⁺ (rare)	¹⁹⁷At	3/2−#
^197mRn		200(60)# keV			21(5) ms [19(+8−4) ms]	α	¹⁹³Po	(13/2+)
^197mRn		200(60)# keV			21(5) ms [19(+8−4) ms]	β⁺ (rare)	¹⁹⁷At	(13/2+)
¹⁹⁸Rn		86	112	197.998679(14)	65(3) ms	α (99%)	¹⁹⁴Po	0+
¹⁹⁸Rn		86	112	197.998679(14)	65(3) ms	β⁺ (1%)	¹⁹⁸At	0+
¹⁹⁹Rn		86	113	198.99837(7)	620(30) ms	α (94%)	¹⁹⁵Po	3/2−#
¹⁹⁹Rn		86	113	198.99837(7)	620(30) ms	β⁺ (6%)	¹⁹⁹At	3/2−#
^199mRn		180(70) keV			320(20) ms	α (97%)	¹⁹⁵Po	13/2+#
^199mRn		180(70) keV			320(20) ms	β⁺ (3%)	¹⁹⁹At	13/2+#
²⁰⁰Rn		86	114	199.995699(14)	0.96(3) s	α (98%)	¹⁹⁶Po	0+
²⁰⁰Rn		86	114	199.995699(14)	0.96(3) s	β⁺ (2%)	²⁰⁰At	0+
²⁰¹Rn		86	115	200.99563(8)	7.0(4) s	α (80%)	¹⁹⁷Po	(3/2−)
²⁰¹Rn		86	115	200.99563(8)	7.0(4) s	β⁺ (20%)	²⁰¹At	(3/2−)
^201mRn		280(90)# keV			3.8(1) s	α (90%)	¹⁹⁷Po	(13/2+)
						β⁺ (10%)	²⁰¹At
						IT (<1%)	²⁰¹Rn
²⁰²Rn		86	116	201.993263(19)	9.94(18) s	α (85%)	¹⁹⁸Po	0+
²⁰²Rn		86	116	201.993263(19)	9.94(18) s	β⁺ (15%)	²⁰²At	0+
²⁰³Rn		86	117	202.993387(25)	44.2(16) s	α (66%)	¹⁹⁹Po	(3/2−)
²⁰³Rn		86	117	202.993387(25)	44.2(16) s	β⁺ (34%)	²⁰³At	(3/2−)
^203mRn		363(4) keV			26.7(5) s	α (80%)	¹⁹⁹Po	13/2(+)
^203mRn		363(4) keV			26.7(5) s	β⁺ (20%)	²⁰³At	13/2(+)
²⁰⁴Rn		86	118	203.991429(16)	1.17(18) min	α (73%)	²⁰⁰Po	0+
²⁰⁴Rn		86	118	203.991429(16)	1.17(18) min	β⁺ (27%)	²⁰⁴At	0+
²⁰⁵Rn		86	119	204.99172(5)	170(4) s	β⁺ (77%)	²⁰⁵At	5/2−
²⁰⁵Rn		86	119	204.99172(5)	170(4) s	α (23%)	²⁰¹Po	5/2−
²⁰⁶Rn		86	120	205.990214(16)	5.67(17) min	α (62%)	²⁰²Po	0+
²⁰⁶Rn		86	120	205.990214(16)	5.67(17) min	β⁺ (38%)	²⁰⁶At	0+
²⁰⁷Rn		86	121	206.990734(28)	9.25(17) min	β⁺ (79%)	²⁰⁷At	5/2−
²⁰⁷Rn		86	121	206.990734(28)	9.25(17) min	α (21%)	²⁰³Po	5/2−
^207mRn		899.0(10) keV			181(18) µs			(13/2+)
²⁰⁸Rn		86	122	207.989642(12)	24.35(14) min	α (62%)	²⁰⁴Po	0+
²⁰⁸Rn		86	122	207.989642(12)	24.35(14) min	β⁺ (38%)	²⁰⁸At	0+
²⁰⁹Rn		86	123	208.990415(21)	28.5(10) min	β⁺ (83%)	²⁰⁹At	5/2−
²⁰⁹Rn		86	123	208.990415(21)	28.5(10) min	α (17%)	²⁰⁵Po	5/2−
^209m1Rn		1173.98(13) keV			13.4(13) µs			13/2+
^209m2Rn		3636.78(23) keV			3.0(3) µs			(35/2+)
²¹⁰Rn		86	124	209.989696(9)	2.4(1) h	α (96%)	²⁰⁶Po	0+
²¹⁰Rn		86	124	209.989696(9)	2.4(1) h	β⁺ (4%)	²¹⁰At	0+
^210m1Rn		1690(15) keV			644(40) ns			8+#
^210m2Rn		3837(15) keV			1.06(5) µs			(17)−
^210m3Rn		6493(15) keV			1.04(7) µs			(22)+
²¹¹Rn		86	125	210.990601(7)	14.6(2) h	α (72.6%)	²⁰⁷Po	1/2−
²¹¹Rn		86	125	210.990601(7)	14.6(2) h	β⁺ (27.4%)	²¹¹At	1/2−
²¹²Rn		86	126	211.990704(3)	23.9(12) min	α	²⁰⁸Po	0+
²¹³Rn		86	127	212.993883(6)	19.5(1) ms	α	²⁰⁹Po	(9/2+)
²¹⁴Rn		86	128	213.995363(10)	0.27(2) µs	α	²¹⁰Po	0+
^214mRn		4595.4 keV			245(30) ns			(22+)
²¹⁵Rn		86	129	214.998745(8)	2.30(10) µs	α	²¹¹Po	9/2+
²¹⁶Rn		86	130	216.000274(8)	45(5) µs	α	²¹²Po	0+
²¹⁷Rn		86	131	217.003928(5)	0.54(5) ms	α	²¹³Po	9/2+	Trace[n 6]
²¹⁸Rn		86	132	218.0056013(25)	35(5) ms	α	²¹⁴Po	0+	Trace[n 7]
²¹⁹Rn	Actinon Actinium emanation	86	133	219.0094802(27)	3.96(1) s	α	²¹⁵Po	5/2+	Trace[n 8]
²²⁰Rn	Thoron Thorium emanation	86	134	220.0113940(24)	55.6(1) s	α[n 9]	²¹⁶Po	0+	Trace[n 10]
²²¹Rn		86	135	221.015537(6)	25.7(5) min	β⁻ (78%)	²²¹Fr	7/2(+)
²²¹Rn		86	135	221.015537(6)	25.7(5) min	α (22%)	²¹⁷Po	7/2(+)
²²²Rn	Radon[n 11] Radium emanation Emanation Emanon Niton	86	136	222.0175777(25)	3.8235(3) d	α[n 12]	²¹⁸Po	0+	Trace[n 7]
²²³Rn		86	137	223.02179(32)#	24.3(4) min	β⁻	²²³Fr	7/2
²²⁴Rn		86	138	224.02409(32)#	107(3) min	β⁻	²²⁴Fr	0+
²²⁵Rn		86	139	225.02844(32)#	4.66(4) min	β⁻	²²⁵Fr	7/2−
²²⁶Rn		86	140	226.03089(43)#	7.4(1) min	β⁻	²²⁶Fr	0+
²²⁷Rn		86	141	227.03541(45)#	20.8(7) s	β⁻	²²⁷Fr	5/2(+#)
²²⁸Rn		86	142	228.03799(44)#	65(2) s	β⁻	²²⁸Fr	0+
²²⁹Rn[5]		86	143	229.0426536(141)	12(1) s	β⁻	²²⁹Fr
²³⁰Rn[6]		86	144			β⁻	²³⁰Fr	0+
²³¹Rn[7]		86	145			β⁻	²³¹Fr
This table header & footer:

^mRn – Excited nuclear isomer.
( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
# – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
# – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
Intermediate decay product of ²³⁷Np
Intermediate decay product of ²³⁸U
Intermediate decay product of ²³⁵U
Theorized to also undergo β⁻β⁻ dacay to ²²⁰Ra
Intermediate decay product of ²³²Th
Source of element's name
Theorized to also undergo β⁻β⁻ decay to ²²²Ra

References

Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
"Decay Chain".
Andreyev, A. N.; Antalic, S.; Huyse, M.; Duppen, P. Van; Ackermann, D.; Bianco, L.; Cullen, D. M.; Darby, I. G.; Franchoo, S.; Heinz, S.; Heßberger, F. P.; Hofmann, S.; Kojouharov, I.; Kindler, B.; Leppänen, A.-P.; Lommel, B.; Mann, R.; Münzenberg, G.; Pakarinen, J.; Page, R. D.; Ressler, J. J.; Saro, S.; Streicher, B.; Sulignano, B.; Thomson, J.; Wyss, R. (6 December 2006). "α decay of the new isotopes ^193,194Rn". Physical Review C. 74 (6): 064303. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.74.064303. ISSN 0556-2813.
Kettunen, H.; Uusitalo, J.; Leino, M.; Jones, P.; Eskola, K.; Greenlees, P. T.; Helariutta, K.; Julin, R.; Juutinen, S.; Kankaanpää, H.; Kuusiniemi, P.; Muikku, M.; Nieminen, P.; Rahkila, P. (16 March 2001). "α decay studies of the nuclides ¹⁹⁵Rn and ¹⁹⁶Rn". Physical Review C. 63 (4): 044315. Bibcode:2001PhRvC..63d4315K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.63.044315. ISSN 0556-2813. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
Neidherr, D.; Audi, G.; Beck, D.; Baum, K.; Böhm, Ch.; Breitenfeldt, M.; Cakirli, R. B.; Casten, R. F.; George, S.; Herfurth, F.; Herlert, A.; Kellerbauer, A.; Kowalska, M.; Lunney, D.; Minaya-Ramirez, E.; Naimi, S.; Noah, E.; Penescu, L.; Rosenbusch, M.; Schwarz, S.; Schweikhard, L.; Stora, T. (19 March 2009). "Discovery of ²²⁹Rn and the Structure of the Heaviest Rn and Ra Isotopes from Penning-Trap Mass Measurements" (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 102 (11): 112501–1–112501–5. Bibcode:2009PhRvL.102k2501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.112501. PMID 19392194.
"Nudat 2".
"

Isotope masses from:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- de Laeter, John Robert; Böhlke, John Karl; De Bièvre, Paul; Hidaka, Hiroshi; Peiser, H. Steffen; Rosman, Kevin J. R.; Taylor, Philip D. P. (2003). "Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 75 (6): 683–800. doi:10.1351/pac200375060683.
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.

"News & Notices: Standard Atomic Weights Revised". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 19 October 2005.
Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
- Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (85th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[3] Rn – Excited nuclear isomer.

[4] ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.

[TMS-5] # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).

[6] ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.

[TNN-7] # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).

[10] Intermediate decay product of ²³⁷Np

[us-11] Intermediate decay product of ²³⁸U

[12] Intermediate decay product of ²³⁵U

[13] Theorized to also undergo β⁻β⁻ dacay to ²²⁰Ra

[14] Intermediate decay product of ²³²Th

[15] Source of element's name

[16] Theorized to also undergo β⁻β⁻ decay to ²²²Ra

[NUBASE2020-1] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[2] "Decay Chain".

[Rn193194-8] Andreyev, A. N.; Antalic, S.; Huyse, M.; Duppen, P. Van; Ackermann, D.; Bianco, L.; Cullen, D. M.; Darby, I. G.; Franchoo, S.; Heinz, S.; Heßberger, F. P.; Hofmann, S.; Kojouharov, I.; Kindler, B.; Leppänen, A.-P.; Lommel, B.; Mann, R.; Münzenberg, G.; Pakarinen, J.; Page, R. D.; Ressler, J. J.; Saro, S.; Streicher, B.; Sulignano, B.; Thomson, J.; Wyss, R. (6 December 2006). "α decay of the new isotopes ^193,194Rn". Physical Review C. 74 (6): 064303. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.74.064303. ISSN 0556-2813.

[Rn195196-9] Kettunen, H.; Uusitalo, J.; Leino, M.; Jones, P.; Eskola, K.; Greenlees, P. T.; Helariutta, K.; Julin, R.; Juutinen, S.; Kankaanpää, H.; Kuusiniemi, P.; Muikku, M.; Nieminen, P.; Rahkila, P. (16 March 2001). "α decay studies of the nuclides ¹⁹⁵Rn and ¹⁹⁶Rn". Physical Review C. 63 (4): 044315. Bibcode:2001PhRvC..63d4315K. doi:10.1103/PhysRevC.63.044315. ISSN 0556-2813. Retrieved 11 June 2023.

[229Rn-17] Neidherr, D.; Audi, G.; Beck, D.; Baum, K.; Böhm, Ch.; Breitenfeldt, M.; Cakirli, R. B.; Casten, R. F.; George, S.; Herfurth, F.; Herlert, A.; Kellerbauer, A.; Kowalska, M.; Lunney, D.; Minaya-Ramirez, E.; Naimi, S.; Noah, E.; Penescu, L.; Rosenbusch, M.; Schwarz, S.; Schweikhard, L.; Stora, T. (19 March 2009). "Discovery of ²²⁹Rn and the Structure of the Heaviest Rn and Ra Isotopes from Penning-Trap Mass Measurements" (PDF). Physical Review Letters. 102 (11): 112501–1–112501–5. Bibcode:2009PhRvL.102k2501N. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.112501. PMID 19392194.

[18] "Nudat 2".

[19] "