Rafa Esparza

Esparza was born and raised in Pasadena, California, and is the son of Mexican immigrants from Durango, Mexico.[1][6][7] His father, Ramón Esparza, worked in construction for over 30 years and used to make adobe bricks back in Mexico.[7] Later on, his father taught him how to make adobe bricks to reconcile their relationship after Esparza came out as queer.[1][3][7]

Esparza grew up interested in art but realized that his art was not very relatable to the old master type of art that has been presented and critically acclaimed throughout history.[8] As he attended East Los Angeles College during his early twenties, he began to focus on performance art.[1] The Latino art collective Asco introduced Esparza to performance art and building installations.[1] His interest in performance art was further solidified when he attended UCLA, where he marked the campus with different art pieces.[1][7] In 2011 he graduated from UCLA with a bachelor's degree in fine arts.[1] Following his graduation, Esparza ventured to Brooklyn, where he continues to redefine artistic norms, challenge societal narratives, and engage with themes of identity and queerness, making his work an impactful fusion of personal storytelling and contemporary expression.

Esparza's work is heavily influenced by politically charged topics such as ethnicity, gender studies, and the environment.[1] Esparza has claimed that he is influenced by the relationships between his ethnicities and society. He uses aspects of materiality, memory, and (non)documentation as primary tools to question and critique ideologies that have been set and remain today by past generations that may be outdated.[9] This influence reflects in his works as they sometimes tackle topics surrounding Chicano and queer histories like colonization, male sexuality, freedom, home, and family.[1][3] Oftentimes, Esparza dives deeper into his ideologies and attempts to critique social and racial issues within mainstream art by using his art as a way of "browning the white cube", and embodying the trials and tribulations of an immigrant's life that have helped push past the narratives of traditional art spaces.[10] Esparza's projects typically involve collaboration around local labor and land and are done with the intent of a deeper spiritual connection.[11]

Esparza's Staring at the Sun was a solo exhibition at MASS MoCA, North Adams, Massachusetts, where he covered the white gallery space with adobe bricks and featured a series of new paintings on the surface of the adobe, which included portraiture, landscape, and abstraction.[11] Esparza's intent behind this presentation was to represent his people, not only by coloring the white space within the museum with bwon adobe bricks but also by representing the multiple immigrants that came to America due to the Bracero Program. It was an effort to redefine the unfair prejudice clouded over Hispanics, expressing that they do not need any fumigation, such as the adobe bricks that decay. He also wanted to create a narrative on the importance of land.[11] In 2013, Esparza performed chino, indio, negro with Sebastian Hernandez at Perform Chinatown 2013.[4] chino, indio, negro was performed near the site of the Chinese Massacre of 1871 in response to that event.[4] Esparza performed El Hoyo with his brother, Beto Esparza, and fellow artist Nick Duran that same year.[4] El Hoyo was performed at Human Resources and reflected Esparza's identity as a queer, working-class son of immigrants.[4]

Esparza performed in Dorian Wood's "O" video.[12] In August 2013, Esparza and Wood performed "CONFUSION IS SEX #3" at the Sepulveda Wildlife Basin. The piece was the third installment of a performance art series organized by Dawn Kasper, Oscar Santos, and Dino Dinco.[4] The Sepulveda Wildlife Basin, the location of "CONFUSION IS SEX #3," has been used as a homeless encampment and a location for gay men to cruise for sex. In 2012, part of it was bulldozed by the US Corps of Army Engineers.[4]

For his participation in the 2016 Made in L.A. Biennial at the Hammer Museum, Esparza created "Tierra," a field of adobe bricks from Los Angeles' dirt. The artist's sculptures and objects were buried and unearthed in Elysian Park, a historical site of early Latinx communities' displacement.[13][14][15][11]

Esparza also collaborated with artist Cassils on Independence Day 2020 to create "In Plain Sight," which was an artwork that supported the abolition of mass immigrant detention, incarnation, and the unfair prejudice that was displayed for immigrants, especially across the border. The project was deliberately planned to be broken down into 5 parts. The first was the sky typing fleets that displayed messages over governmental institutions and facilities such as detention facilities, immigration courts, borders, and other sites of historic relevance. The steps that followed this display of art were "an interactive website, an anthology docuseries, accessible actions for the public to take to join the movement against immigrant detention, and cultural partnerships producing arts-related education and engagement."[16]

Esparza was included in the 2017 Whitney Biennial.[17] For the exhibition, he created "Figure Ground: Beyond the White Field,"; a gallery made of adobe bricks inside the museum.[18] The adobe room, made with dirt from Los Angeles River, was used as an exhibition space by other LA-based Latino artists Esparza invited to participate.[19] In 2018, Esparza's collaborative exhibition and performance event de la calle was his first solo museum presentation at the Institute of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles.[20] Esparza used the museum's gallery for exhibition, production, and collaboration, where selected local artists and nightlife personalities worked collaboratively to produce works to display at the museum and for performance.[20] The performance, *a la calle*, took place in the Fashion district of downtown Los Angeles Santee Alley.[21]

From January 20 - March 3, 2018, at the Commonwealth and Council Gallery, Rafa Esparza, in collaboration with Beatriz Cortez and other artists, had an exhibition named Pasado mañana- meaning Spanish “the day after tomorrow.” This exhibition features artwork based on the foundation of immigrant labor that is used to create a future among subjects such as race, class, and culture to become possible.[22][23]

On September 21, 2019, Esparza held a performance in Washington named the Indestructible Columns. It was held on the south side of the White House on the 52-acre park, Ellipse. He was wearing a black blazer while encased in a concrete cylinder from the waist down, made by Timo Fahler, and spent two hours chipping away at the concrete to free himself. Esparza said that this was his way of deconstructing the supporting systems that have upheld the inhumane white supremacist ideologies. Esparza did this performance to make a statement about the 45th president separating families at the border in intolerable conditions. [24] In 2018/2019 Trump began implementing different travel bans and heavy restrictions on existing immigration policies. All of these contributed to the separation of families at the border due to rapid deportation and the consistent denial of entry into the US.[25]

In 2020, Rafa Esparza collaborated with Eamon Ore-Giron and Gala Porras-Kim for the Art Basel 2020; their exhibition was also featured at Commonwealth and Council Gallery. This exhibition featured Esparza’s paintings that were created on Adobe- his artwork was dedicated to confronting white supremacy through the history of colonial violence. While also connecting to the indigenous people of the Americas and their connection to the land. Esparza created a painting of his older brother that showed him in a nostalgic rendition of a pre-Instagram photograph.[26] Esparza has also created painted works on adobe that evoke the fantasies and real-world experiences of the Latinx queer community.[27][28] November 30, 2022, for Miami Beach Art Basel L.A Times Image Magazine, Commonwealth and Council art gallery collaborated with rafa esparza on his performance of "Corpo RanfLA: Terra Cruiser”[29] . The performance consisted of an out of commission repurposed 25 cent mechanical ride that was transformed into a cyborg lowrider cruiser. People that were given a ticket to ride the listened to a recording of esparza recounting a story of creating CorpoRanfLA and the passage of time. This piece was one of the few that was not for sale at Art Basel, It was for performance only. Fellow riders included L.A. artists Gabriela Ruiz, Karla Canseco, Victor Barragán, and Rosales, all of whom had helped bring the piece together.[30] This exhibition builds upon a previous performance he had done in collaboration with Mario Ayala, Tanya Melendez, Paul Marcus Rodriguez and Fabian Guerrero titled "Corpo ranfla, 2018". For that performance esparza was spray painted fuchsia pink, detailed with roses, and various portraits to resemble the infamous lowrider Gypsy Rose. Esparza’s 2018 performance was an ode to the intersexuality of queer lowrider culture that he experienced. He used his body to display himself as a kind of human lowrider, welcoming sexualization by typically hyper-masculine men. Alongside him on stage were Fabian Guerrero as his photographer and Sebastian Hernandez acting as the model displaying the lowrider. They wanted to take back the feeling of not being welcomed in these car shows due to the toxic environment. [31] In lowrider culture they take the paint jobs of their cars very seriously, thinking of it as its own artform and beauty. [32] Esparza paid homage to this by recreating his favorite car at the time, Gypsy Rose. This exhibition explored the public gay cruising sites that intersected with public lowrider cruising sites. This performance expressed the different connotations of the word "cruising". The performance started at Elysian Park in Los Angeles where many car enthusiasts cruise with their lowriders, but also many gay men cruise for sexual encounters. This location was the perfect intersection for both worlds. To end this performance esparza performed a dance alongside Sebastián Hernández at the Mayan Theater.[33] Both of these performances focus on how there is lacking feminine and queer expression in this hyper-masculine space.[34]

Rafa's Artwork

Esparza's work has been showcased at many notable public art institutions. The institutions include:

• Vincent Price Art Museum, Monterey Park, CA (2013)
• Clockshop, Bowtie Project, Los Angeles (2014)
• Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions, CA (2015)
• Armory Center for the Arts, Pasadena (2015)
• Hammer Museum, Los Angeles (2016)
• Bemis Center for Contemporary Art, Omaha, NV (2017)
• ArtPace, San Antonio, TX (2018)
• Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (2018)
• Performance Space New York and the Ellipse, Washington, D.C. (2019)
• Kohn Gallery, Los Angeles (2020)
• Commonwealth and Council, Los Angeles (2021)[35]
• Art Basel Miami Beach, (2022)
• MASS MoCA, (2019)

Exhibitions 1. Exhibition at the Whitney Biennial (2017): Rafa Esparza exhibited his installation "Tierra" at the Whitney Biennial in 2017. "Tierra" was a large-scale, site-specific adobe brick sculpture that explored themes of labor, immigration, and the intersection of queer and Chicano identities.

2. Collaboration with Beatriz Cortez at the Hammer Museum (2020): Esparza collaborated with fellow artist Beatriz Cortez for the exhibition "Pasado mañana" at the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles in 2020. The exhibition featured a mix of sculptures, murals, and adobe structures that addressed themes of futurism, indigenous culture, and the environment.

3. Solo Exhibition "STILL" at Commonwealth and Council (2019): In 2019, Rafa Esparza presented a solo exhibition titled "STILL" at the Commonwealth and Council gallery in Los Angeles. The show featured a series of new sculptures and installations that continued his exploration of identity and place.

4. "Tierra. Sangre. Oro." at the Ballroom Marfa (2018): Esparza presented the solo exhibition "Tierra. Sangre. Oro." at the Ballroom Marfa in Texas in 2018. The exhibition included an immersive adobe installation that delved into the historical and contemporary impacts of colonization on indigenous communities.

5. "Pasado mañana" at the Los Angeles Municipal Art Gallery (2019): Following their collaboration at the Hammer Museum, Rafa Esparza and Beatriz Cortez exhibited their joint project "Pasado mañana" at the Los Angeles Municipal Art Gallery in 2019, further exploring themes of utopia, migration, and the future.

6. Article in Artforum - "Material Histories" (2019): Rafa Esparza's work and artistic practice were featured in a 2019 article titled "Material Histories" in Artforum magazine. The article discussed his use of adobe as a material to address issues of colonization, identity, and cultural preservation.

7. Exhibition at the Institute of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (ICA LA) (2018): Esparza was part of a group exhibition at the Institute of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles (ICA LA) in 2018. The exhibition, titled "Selections from the Collection of the Institute of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles," showcased pieces from the museum's collection, including Esparza's artwork.

8. "Landscapes for People" Public Art Project (2019): In 2019, Rafa Esparza participated in the "Landscapes for People" public art project in Los Angeles. He created an adobe platform at the Los Angeles State Historic Park, providing a communal space for gatherings and reflection.

9. "Golden State" Performance (2018): Esparza staged the performance art piece "Golden State" at REDCAT (Roy and Edna Disney/CalArts Theater) in Los Angeles in 2018. The performance involved constructing and deconstructing an adobe brick sculpture while engaging with themes of labor and belonging.

10. Co-curator of "Queer Califas" Exhibition (2020): Rafa Esparza co-curated the exhibition "Queer Califas" at the Vincent Price Art Museum in Monterey Park, California, in 2020. The exhibition highlighted the work of queer artists and activists in California, exploring their contributions to the state's cultural landscape.

35.https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/miranda/la-et-cam-rafa-esparza-ica-la-20180625-story.html

36.https://www.nytimes.com/2019/06/15/style/latinx-artists-designers-new-york-los-angeles.html

37.https://hammer.ucla.edu/exhibitions/2016/made-in-la-2016/rafa-esparza

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