Rafael Tufiño

Rafael Tufiño Figueroa (October 30, 1922 – March 13, 2008)[1] was a Puerto Rican painter, printmaker and cultural figure in Puerto Rico, known locally as the "Painter of the People".[2][3]

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Tufiño and the second or maternal family name is Figueroa.
Rafael Tufiño
Born
Rafael Tufiño Figueroa

(1922-10-30)October 30, 1922
Brooklyn, New York City, New York, U.S.
DiedMarch 13, 2008(2008-03-13) (aged 85)
Condado, Puerto Rico
Alma materSan Carlos Academy
Occupation(s)painter, printmaker
AwardsGuggenheim Fellow (1954)
Abolition of Slavery (1986), mosaic by Tufiño in the Capitol Building, San Juan, Puerto Rico

Early life

Rafael Tufiño Figueroa was born on October 30, 1922, in Brooklyn, New York where he lived with his parents, Gregoria Figueroa and Agustín Tufiño, until he was ten years old. In 1932, he moved to Puerta de Tierra, the neighborhood located just outside Old San Juan, to live with his grandmother. At the age of 12, he began to work in the workshop of Antonio "Tony" Maldonado, where he painted signs and letters.

Tufiño served in the United States Army from 1943 to 1946. Some of his first documented drawings date from his tenure in Panama while serving with the Army Signal Corps in Panama. Taking advantage of the GI Bill, he then moved to Mexico to study painting and engraving at the San Carlos Academy,[4] where he was exposed to the populist ideas of the Taller de Gráfica Popular (Spanish: "People's Graphic Workshop") and the Mexican muralists Diego Rivera and José Clemente Orozco. Upon returning to Puerto Rico in 1949, he joined the Graphic Arts Workshop of the Community Education Division (DIVEDCO, for its Spanish acronym), which had been created as part of a government campaign to teach the public about health.

Artwork and legacy

Rafael Tufiño's painting included portraits, landscapes and images of Puerto Rico daily life. During the 1950s, he was part of the "Generación de los Cincuentas" (the Generation of the Fifties), a group of artists who worked to create a new artistic style and aesthetic identity for Puerto Rico.[2][3][5]

He also spent time in New York on a Guggenheim fellowship in 1954,[6] and returned to the city in the 1960s, when he encountered a generation of Puerto Rican artists particularly intent on exploring and celebrating their cultural heritage.[7]

Until 1963, he contributed to the Puerto Rico Department of Public Instruction (now the Department of Education) various paintings, posters, and advertisements to help bring government-sponsored literacy and hygiene programs to poor and illiterate communities in Puerto Rico.[2][3][5]

Tufiño dedicated his later life to foster art and related studies in Puerto Rican communities, such as taking part in founding an artist workshop / cooperative named Taller Boricua in 1970, located in Spanish Harlem, and advocating for the creation of El Museo del Barrio, located on New York's Fifth Avenue at the top of "Museum Mile".[2]

For his body of work and his dedication towards minority communities, he received a lifetime achievement award by the National Arts Club in New York City in 2003.[2]

Personal life

Rafael Tufiño had two daughters, Nitza Tufiño and Rima Tufiño, and four sons, Rafael Tufiño Jr., Salvatore Tufiño, Sanaria Tufiño and Pablo Tufiño, as well as five grandchildren.

Death and legacy

Tufiño died on March 13, 2008, in Condado, Puerto Rico at the age of 85 after a battle with lung cancer.[5] Upon hearing his death, the Governor of Puerto Rico ordered all state flags to fly at half mast[2] and proclaimed 2 days of national mourning.[3]

His work is among the collections of the Museum of Modern Art,[8] the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[7] Philadelphia Museum of Art,[9] the Galería Nacional, and the Museum of Art of Puerto Rico.[2][3][5]

See also

References
  1. Ramírez, Mari Carmen (2003). "Tufiño, Rafael". Grove Art Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.t086504. ISBN 978-1-884446-05-4. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  2. Stuart Lavietes (2008-03-17). "Rafael Tufiño, Artist, Is Dead at 85". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2008-03-18.
  3. "Puerto Rico Painter Tufino Dies at 85". Associated Press. 2008-03-17. Archived from the original on 2008-03-20. Retrieved 2008-03-18.
  4. "Rafael Tufiño". Museo de Arte de Puerto Rico (MAPR). Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  5. Jorge Rodriguez. "Última pincelada: fallece maestro Rafael Tufiño". El Vocero de Puerto Rico (Spanish). Archived from the original on 2008-05-03. Retrieved 2008-03-18.
  6. "John Simon Guggenheim Foundation | Rafael Tufiño". Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  7. Navarro, Mireya (2003-03-26). "Painter of the People; An Eye Trained on Puerto Rico's Traditions". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  8. "Rafael Tufiño". The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). Retrieved 2021-07-31.
  9. "Rafael Tufiño". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved 2021-07-31.
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