Ranggawarsita

Raden Ngabehi Ranggawarsita (14 March 1802 – 24 December 1873, Javanese: ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦔꦧꦺꦲꦶꦫꦺꦴꦁꦒꦮꦂꦰꦶꦠ, romanized: Raden Ngabehi Ronggawarsita,[lower-alpha 1] Javanese pronunciation: [radɛn ŋabɛhi rɔŋgɔ warsitɔ]) was a Javanese philosopher and poet. He was born into the famous literary Yasadipura family in Surakarta, in Central Java. He is sometimes called the last Javanese poet.[1]

Raden Ngabehi

Ranggawarsita
ꦫꦢꦺꦤ꧀ꦔꦧꦺꦲꦶꦫꦺꦴꦁꦒꦮꦂꦰꦶꦠ
Pronunciation[radɛn ŋabɛhi rɔŋgɔ warsitɔ]
Born
Bagoes Boerhan

(1802-03-14)14 March 1802
Surakarta Sunanate, Dutch East Indies
Died24 December 1873(1873-12-24) (aged 71)
Surakarta Sunanate, Dutch East Indies
Resting placeRanggawarsita Graveyard, Palar, Trucuk, Klaten Regency
7.707535°S 110.6797339°E / -7.707535; 110.6797339
OccupationPoet
Years active1845-1873
Ranggawarsita's grave in Klaten, Central Java

Biography

Ranggawarsita was born in 1802 with the birth name Bagus Burham.[2] He was son of Mas Pajangswara and grandson of Yasadipura II, a famous poet of Surakarta Sunanate. His father was the offspring of the Kingdom of Pajang, his mother of the Demak Sultanate. Once reaching adulthood, Ranggawarsita quickly gained a reputation for his intellectual capabilities which included authoring poetry, grammar books, and working as a redactor for the Dutch periodical Bromartani.[2]

Works

Ranggawarsita authored numerous texts that covered a myriad of subjects which included poetry, mysticism, and ethics.[2] Additionally, his works included prophecies[3] as well as criticism of the politics and society of his time.[4]

Some of his notable works included:[2]

  • Serat Wirit Sopanalya
  • Serat Candrarani
  • Sapta dharma
  • Sri Kresna Barata
  • Paramayoga
  • Pustakaraja Purwa
  • Wirid Hidayat Jati

Several works by Ranggawarsita were republished posthumously by Tan Khoen Swie of Kediri in the early 20th century.[5]

Legacy

There is a museum in his name in Semarang.[6]

Notes
  1. All of his works always written as Ronggawarsita, not Ranggawarsita

References
  1. The last pujangga or babad creator in Javanese culture, is often ascribed to Ranggawarsita
  2. Riddell, Peter G. (2001). Islam and the Malay-Indonesian World: Transmission and Responses. Hurst. pp. 181–182. ISBN 978-1-85065-336-3.
  3. Anthony Day Ranggawarsita's prophecy of mystery in Wyatt, David K; Aung-Thwin, Michael; Woodside, Alexander; Joint Committee on Southeast Asia (1982), Moral order and the question of change : essays on Southeast Asian thought, Yale University Southeast Asia Studies, ISBN 978-0-938692-02-7
  4. Seminar Nasional Pengaruh Karya Sastra R. Ng. Ronggawarsita Terhadap Ipoleksosbud (2012 : Surakarta, Indonesia); Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jurusan Sastra Daerah (organizer.); Karya Sinema Nusantara Jakarta (organizer.) (2012), Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengaruh Karya Sastra R. Ng. Ronggawarsita Terhadap Ipoleksosbud, Jebres, Surakarta Graha Aksara, ISBN 978-602-18-5500-3
  5. Sawega, Ardus M (6 April 2002). Peran Kebudayaan Tan Khoen Swie [The Cultural Role of Tan Khoen Swie]. Archived from the original on 9 September 2005. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  6. Griffiths, Arlo (2012), "The epigraphical collection of Museum Ranggawarsita in Semarang (Central Java, Indonesia)" (PDF), Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia and Oceania, Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies (published 2012-10-01), 168 (4): 472–496, doi:10.1163/22134379-90003553, ISSN 0006-2294, S2CID 129812820
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