Raymond Steth

Raymond Steth (1917 - 1997),[1] born Raymond Ryles, was a Philadelphia-based graphic artist recognized for his paintings and lithographs on the African-American condition in the mid-20th century, often through scenes of rural life and poverty. Working under the Works Progress Administration's graphics division in the 1930s and 1940s, Steth's art covered a range of topics and emotions from pleasurable farm life to protest and despair.[2]

Raymond Steth
Born
Raymond Edgar Ryles

1917 (1917)
Norfolk, Virginia, United States
Died1997 (aged 79–80)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
Known forPainting, lithograph
Notable workRefinery (1941)
Beacons of Defense (1941)
Evolution of Swing (1939)
Heaven on a Mule (ca. 1938-43)

Early life

Steth was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1917 to Lulu Mann and Charles Ryles, a working-class farming family. He spent much of his childhood on a large farm in North Carolina, which would later influence his artwork.[3] Rolando Corpus notes: "Steth had a religious upbringing within the Pentecostal faith. 'The frenetic atmosphere of the church,' he recalled, 'was such that they all seemed ready to go to heaven.'"[4] After moving to Philadelphia at age eight, Steth attended Central High School for two years. He subsequently worked in sign painting and vaudeville theater.[4] Steth was educated at the Philadelphia College of Art from 1941 until 1943, and the Barnes Foundation from 1942 to 1944.[5]

Career

Steth was associated with the American Scene movement, which included WPA artists concerned with contemporary social topics.[6] Steth began working in the graphics division of the WPA-sponsored Federal Art Project (FAP) in Philadelphia starting in 1938, where he met and collaborated with Dox Thrash, known for developing new methods of Carborundum printmaking, who believed Steth's work could be transferred to a print medium. He also worked alongside Michael J. Gallagher, John Turner, and Claude Clark, a group with whom he would often exhibit his work with.[3][7] Steth shared a studio with Clark during their time in the WPA/FAP.[8] He also associated with the artists, Hubert Mesibov[8] and Samuel Brown.[6]

Post-WPA and military service,[4] Steth continued his involvement with the arts and community causes: "Steth directed the Philographic School of Art, a printmaking and graphics workshop... Other jobs included helping establish a print program at Morgan State College in Baltimore, catering, and working for the Mayor's Office of Community Development."[5] Additionally, he was involved with the Fleisher Art Memorial from 1948 until 1954, and taught at the Philadelphia College of Art from 1949 until 1951. He was later a resident at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.[4]

Steth died in 1997.[9]

Steth's work is in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art,[10] the Philadelphia Museum of Art,[9] the National Gallery of Art,[11] and the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts.[12]

His work was included in the 2015 exhibition We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s at the Woodmere Art Museum.[13]

References
  1. "Raymond Steth, 06 Feb 1997". United States Social Security Death Index. FamilySearch. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  2. "Raymond Steth, 79; Philadelphia Artist Won Wide Acclaim". philly-archives. Retrieved 2016-02-16.
  3. Art, Archives of American. "Oral history interview with Raymond Steth, 1990 April 28 - Oral Histories | Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution". www.aaa.si.edu. Retrieved 2016-02-16.
  4. Tomlinson, Glenn C.; Corpus, Rolando (1995). "A Selection of Works by African American Artists in the Philadelphia Museum of Art". Philadelphia Museum of Art Bulletin. 90 (382/383): 14. doi:10.2307/3795505. ISSN 0031-7314. JSTOR 3795505.
  5. Scarborough, Klare; Vendelin, Carmen; Reardon, Siobhan A.; Moriuchi, Mey-Yen; Blum, Thomas (2014). American scenes: WPA-era prints from the 1930s and 1940s: featuring artwork from the collections of La Salle University Art Museum and the Free Library of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: La Salle University Art Museum. p. 100. ISBN 978-0-9889999-2-3. OCLC 880638960.
  6. Scarborough, Klare; Vendelin, Carmen; Reardon, Siobhan A.; Moriuchi, Mey-Yen; Blum, Thomas (2014). American scenes: WPA-era prints from the 1930s and 1940s: featuring artwork from the collections of La Salle University Art Museum and the Free Library of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: La Salle University Art Museum. p. 7. ISBN 978-0-9889999-2-3. OCLC 880638960.
  7. "Dolan Maxwell—Additional Material". dolanmaxwell.com. Retrieved 2016-02-16.
  8. Scarborough, Klare; Vendelin, Carmen; Reardon, Siobhan A.; Moriuchi, Mey-Yen; Blum, Thomas (2014). American scenes: WPA-era prints from the 1930s and 1940s: featuring artwork from the collections of La Salle University Art Museum and the Free Library of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: La Salle University Art Museum. p. 99. ISBN 978-0-9889999-2-3. OCLC 880638960.
  9. "I Am an American". Philadelphia Museum of Art. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  10. "Evolution of Swing". Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  11. "Raymond Steth". Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
  12. "We Speak: Black Artists in Philadelphia, 1920s-1970s". Woodmere Art Museum. Retrieved 12 June 2022.
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