Småland Runic Inscription 35

56.84783°N 13.97469°E / 56.84783; 13.97469

Småland Runic Inscription 35
Created11th century
DiscoveredLjungby, Kronoberg, Sweden
Rundata IDSm 35
Runemasterunknown
Text – Native
kutraþr : karþi : kubl : þisi : iftiR : astraþ : faþur : sin : þan : frita : ak : þih:na : bistan : iR a : f-n:iþ- : forþum : uf
Translation
Götrad made this stone after Åstrad, their father, the foremost of kinsmen and thanes who in Finnveden formerly lived.

The Replösa Stone (Also Småland Runic Inscription 35, Sm 35, and Ljungby 28:1) is a runestone in Replösa near Ljungby, Sweden.

The stone

The stone is made of granite, is 185 centimetres (73 in) tall and 90 centimetres (35 in) wide.[1] The runiform ornament and inscription on the stone's southeastern side have 13–15 centimetres (5.1–5.9 in) high runes. The inscription is from the 11th century and says:

Inscription
Odlarmonumentet, an artist's impression of Astrad and Götrad at Ljungby central square, by John Lundqvist.

Transliteration:

kutraþr : karþi : kubl : þisi : iftiR : astraþ : faþur : sin : þan : frita : ak : þih:na : bistan : iR a : f-n:iþ- : forþum : uf| |faRi :[2]

Normalization to Old West Norse:

Gautráðr gerði kuml þessi eptir Ástráð, fôður sinn, þann frænda ok þegna beztan, er á F[i]nnheið[i] forðum of væri.[2]

Translation to English:

Götrad made this stone after Åstrad, their father, the foremost of kinsmen and thanes who in Finnveden formerly lived.

Interpretation

The Danish sounding names Götrad and Åstrad are uncommon. From the Middle Ages only a few persons are known to bear the name Åstrad. The name have also appeared on Danish runestones. The name Götrad does not appear on any other known runestone. Finnveden mentioned on the stone was one of the "countries" that would later be included in the province of Småland. Finnveden is mentioned on three runestones: Sm 35, Sm 52 in Småland, and U 130 in Uppland. The word "thane" (þegna) can be seen in a number of runic inscriptions, but opinions are divided of its meaning. The two main opinions are "free farmer, odalman (Similar to yeomen)" respectively "warrior, member of the king's hird".

The ship setting
Replösa Ship Setting with the Replösa Stone in the background.

Just south of the runestone lies Ljungby 29:1, a damaged, but partly restored, ship setting. It is 17 metres (56 ft) long, 6 metres (20 ft) wide, and made out of seven erected stones that are 80–150 centimetres (31–59 in) tall. According to historical data there have been twelve stones.[3]

See also

References
  1. "RAÄ-nummer Ljungby 28:1". Swedish National Heritage Board (in Swedish). Retrieved 14 June 2017. Runsten, granit, 1,85 m hög, 0,9 m bred (NNÖ-SSV) och 0,35 m tjock. Närmast romboid genomskärning. Stenen avtar något på bredden uppåt. Runslinga och inskrift på stenens SÖ sida med 13-15 cm höga runor. Enligt Smålands runinskrifter lyder inskriften:"Götrad gjorde denna vård efter Åstrad sin fader, den ypperste av de fränder och odalmän, som i Finnveden fordom levde." Uppmålad 1977. Uppmålad 2005. Tillägg dnr 321-834-2007: Lämningen återställd efter skador orsakade av stormen Gudrun.
  2. "Scandinavian runic-text Database". Uppsala Universitet (in Swedish). Uppsala Universitet. 2008.
  3. "RAÄ-nummer Ljungby 29:1". Swedish National Heritage Board (in Swedish). Retrieved 14 June 2017. Skeppssättning, undersökt och restaurerad, 17x6 m (Ö-V), bestående av 7 resta stenar, 0,8-1,5 m h, 0,5-1 m br och 0,2-0,3 m tj. Vid undersökningen 1952 påträffades endast ett svagt utbildat brandlager i Ö delen. Vid restaureringen kompletterades skeppssättningen med tre stenar som låg i omedelbar närhet av vägen i Ö, så att det totala antalet nu är sju stenar. Enligt uppgift ska det ursprungliga antalet ha varit tolv. Tillägg dnr 321-834-2007: Lämningen återställd efter skador orsakade av stormen Gudrun.
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