Resin (software)

Resin is a web server and Java application server from Caucho Technology. In addition to Resin (GPL), Resin Pro is available for enterprise and production environments with a license. Resin supports the Java EE standard[2] as well as a mod_php/PHP like engine called Quercus.[3]

Resin
Developer(s)Caucho Technology
Stable release
4.0.65 / 29 July 2020 (2020-07-29)[1]
Written inJava and C
Operating systemCross-platform
TypeWeb server
LicenseGPLv3 or Proprietary
Websitewww.caucho.com

While Resin (GPL) is free for use in production, Resin Pro includes optimizations such as:

  • built-in caching
  • public/private/or hybrid clustering
  • advanced administration health system
  • HTTP session replication
  • distributed cache replication
  • auto-recovery & diagnostic reports

Although a Java-based server, key pieces of Resin's core networking are written in highly optimized C. Caucho states Java is the layer that allows Resin to be "full featured" while C provides the speed. Resin, which was released in 1999, predates Apache Tomcat, and is one of the most mature application servers and web servers.[4]

Product features

Resin Pro has been engineered to include:

  • Dynamic Clustering- Locking was replaced with non-locking atomic operations, cleared contention bottlenecks, improved the async/epoll performance, and reduced thread overhead to handle 100,000 requests per second.
  • Cloud Support- Elastic cluster members can be added or removed using a single command. Cluster topology, load balancing, caching, messaging and management automatically adapt to dynamic servers.
  • Compiled PHP on the JVM- Improves performance, scalability and security of PHP applications by allowing PHP code to directly call Java Objects.
  • Security though Open SSL integration- A comprehensive security framework for application authentication, authorization and transport level SSL based security.
  • Smart Software Load balancer- Application load is shared among resources automatically to balance them.
  • Proxy cache- Faster application performance is possible with Java caching by saving the results of long calculations and reducing database load and application response time.

Scalability

  • Elastic Clustering / Cloud support[5]
    • 3rd generation clustering optimized for Virtualization 2.0, EC2 and OpenStack deployments[6]
  • Session Replication
  • Load balancing
  • Distributed Cache

Development

  • Class compilation
  • JIT Profiling and heap analysis
  • No GUI required
  • JUnit support
  • Web Admin
  • DevOps support via CLI and REST control of Resin
  • Apache Ant/Maven/Ivy integration
  • IDE integration
  • Flexible project management
  • Logging

Production Ready

  • Reliability
  • Server Monitoring
  • Deployment / Cloud deployment
  • Versioned deployment
  • Merge paths
  • Troubleshooting aids
  • Server health reports, baselining and post mortem reporting[8]
  • Throttling

App Server

Web Server[11]

  • Static files/JSP/Servlet/JSF
  • Extensible access logging
  • URL rewriting
  • Proxy caching (similar to Squid)
  • Gzip compression
  • SSL
  • Virtual Hosts
  • Comet/Server push
  • WebSocket
  • mod-php like support via Quercus
  • FastCGI

Usage

Resin's market share is small in the grand scheme of Java Application Servers, but some high traffic sites use it, such as Toronto Stock Exchange, Salesforce.com, Condé Nast (parent company of Wired, Vogue, GQ), CNET.[12] NetCraft's February 2012 Survey stated Resin grew to 4,700,000 sites; Resin was the only Java-based web server mentioned.[13]

A 2012-page on a Caucho wiki site describes a test procedure with results showing that tested 0k (empty HTML page), 1K, 8K and 64K byte files. At every level Resin matched or exceeded nginx web server performance.[14]

Quercus

Quercus is a Java-based implementation of the PHP language that is included with Resin. According to a slideshow presented by Emil Ong (from Caucho), to a San Francisco Java Meetup Group in April 2008 pertaining to Resin 3.1, an essential difference in the operation of Quercus between the Resin Open Source and the Resin Professional editions is that in Resin Professional the PHP is compiled to Java bytecode whereas in the open source version PHP is executed by an interpreter.[15]

Caucho stated in 2007 that Quercus was faster than standard PHP 5 (PHP 8 with JIT is much faster than older PHP versions; PHP 5 is no longer supported)[3][16] although this is only true for the JIT-compiled version in Resin Professional.[17] Quercus ships with Resin.

Licensing

One license covers all components of the Resin architecture.

Resin is provided in both an open source GPL license and a Pro version with enhancements for enterprises.

See also

References
  1. "Resin Download". Archived from the original on 2020-08-06. Retrieved 2020-08-11.
  2. "Caucho Resin is Officially Certified Against the Java EE 6 Web Profile". Infoq.com. Archived from the original on 2012-08-22. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  3. "PHP on Java: Best of Both Worlds?". Infoq.com. Archived from the original on 2012-09-29. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  4. "About Caucho". Caucho.com. Archived from the original on 2012-03-30. Retrieved 2012-04-01.
  5. "Paul Cowan Discusses the Resin Application Server and Cloud". Infoq.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-19. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  6. "Caucho: Resin Cloud Support: 3rd generation Clustering For Elastic Cloud Scaling" (PDF). s3.amazonaws.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2015-04-04. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  7. "Resin Can Now Act As a Drop-in Replacement for Memcached Solution". Infoq.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-20. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  8. "Caucho Technology » Blog Archive » Resin Pro Health System now and in the future". Blog.caucho.com. 2011-08-26. Archived from the original on 2012-10-25. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  9. "Caucho Resin | Java Application Server | Java EE | PaaS Ready » Java EE Web Profile and beyond". Caucho.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-01. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  10. "Caucho Resin | Java Application Server | Java EE | PaaS Ready » Java CDI | Candi". Caucho.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-24. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  11. "Caucho Resin | Java Application Server | Web Server | Java EE Certified | PaaS/Cloud Ready » Resin Web Server". Caucho.com. 2012-02-07. Archived from the original on 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  12. "Resin Customers | Caucho". Archived from the original on 2014-11-01. Retrieved 2014-11-01.
  13. "February 2012 Web Server Survey | Netcraft". News.netcraft.com. 2012-02-07. Archived from the original on 2012-10-31. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  14. "NginX 1.2.0 versus Resin 4.0.29 performance tests". Caucho.com. Archived from the original on 2012-08-25. Retrieved 2012-04-01.
  15. Emil Ong (2008-04-09), Getting Started With Quercus (PDF), Caucho Technology, archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-08, retrieved 2009-08-19 (accompanying Caucho blog entry Archived 2012-07-16 at archive.today,additional copy of PDF Archived 2011-07-14 at the Wayback Machine)
  16. "Powered by Google Docs" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-10-05. Retrieved 2012-10-25.
  17. New Monthly Caucho Newsletter, Caucho Technology, 2008-02-26, archived from the original on 2013-05-12, retrieved 2013-02-27, I think we're finally getting to the point where we mimic the other implementation of PHP quite precisely (except we have distributed sessions, are faster in compiled mode, etc. :-)).
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