Rhaponticum

Rhaponticum is a formerly accepted genus of flowering plants in the tribe Cardueae within the family Asteraceae. As of May 2023, both Plants of the World Online and the Global Compositae Database rejected the genus in favour of Leuzea.[1][2] Plants of the World Online placed all its species in that genus, apart from one unplaced species, Rhaponticum scariosum.[1]

Leuzea repens, formerly Rhaponticum repens
Leuzea conifera, formerly Rhaponticum coniferum

Taxonomy

The taxonomic history of the genus name Rhaponticum is complicated. It has been published at least four times according to the International Plant Names Index. The earliest was by Albrecht von Haller in 1742, which is regarded as an invalid name (nom. inval.).[3] The next publication was by Sébastien Vaillant in 1754, also an invalid name.[4] The next was by Christian Gottlieb Ludwig in 1757. This has become a conserved name (nom. cons.), with the conserved type species Centaurea rhapontica (syn. Leuzea rhapontica subsp. rhapontica).[5] A subsequent publication by Michel Adanson in 1763 is illegitimate.[6]

Combining the genera Rhaponticum and Leuzea under the latter name was first suggested by Josef Holub in 1973.[7] A 2006 phylogenetic study confirmed that as then circumscribed the genus Leuzea was embedded within Rhaponticum.[8] As of May 2023, the Global Composite Database accepted all four Rhaponticum names as synonyms of Leuzea,[9] while Plants of the World Online listed only Rhaponticum Ludw., which it regarded as a synonym of Centaurea,[10] while placing the species of Rhaponticum in Leuzea.[1]

Former species

Species formerly placed in the genus include:[1]

  • Rhaponticum acaule (L.) DC. → Leuzea acaulis
  • Rhaponticum aulieatense Iljin → Leuzea aulieatensis
  • Rhaponticum australe (Gaudich.) → Leuzea australis
  • Rhaponticum berardioides (Batt.) Dobignard → Leuzea berardioides
  • Rhaponticum canariense DC. → Leuzea cynaroides
  • Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin → Leuzea carthamoides
  • Rhaponticum centauroides (L.) O.Bolòs → Leuzea centauroides
  • Rhaponticum coniferum (L.) Greuter → Leuzea conifera
  • Rhaponticum cossonianum (Ball) Greuter → Leuzea caulescens
  • Rhaponticum exaltatum (Willk.) Greuter → Leuzea exaltata
  • Rhaponticum heleniifolium Godr. & Gren. → Leuzea rhapontica subsp. heleniifolia
  • Rhaponticum insigne (Boiss.) Wagenitz → Leuzea insignis
  • Rhaponticum integrifolium C.Winkl. → Leuzea integrifolia
  • Rhaponticum karatavicum Iljin → Leuzea karatavica
  • Rhaponticum longifolium (Hoffmanns. & Link) Dittrich → Leuzea longifolia
  • Rhaponticum lyratum C.Winkl. ex Iljin → Leuzea lyrata
  • Rhaponticum namanganicum Iljin → Leuzea namanganica
  • Rhaponticum nanum Lipsky → Leuzea nana
  • Rhaponticum nitidum Fisch. → Leuzea nitida
  • Rhaponticum pulchrum Fisch. & C.A.Mey. → Leuzea pulchra
  • Rhaponticum repens (L.) Hidalgo → Leuzea repens
  • Rhaponticum scariosum Lam. - unplaced name
  • Rhaponticum serratuloides (Georgi) Bobrov → Leuzea altaica

References
  1. "Search for 'Rhaponticum'". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  2. Compositae Working Group (CWG). "Rhaponticum Vaill". Global Compositae Database. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  3. "Rhaponticum Haller". The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  4. "Rhaponticum Vaill." The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  5. "Rhaponticum Ludw." The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  6. "Rhaponticum Adans." The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  7. Holub, Josef (1973), "Contribution to the taxonomy and nomenclature of Leuzea DC. and Rhaponticum auct", Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica, 8 (4): 377–395, doi:10.1007/BF02852062, S2CID 46074076
  8. Hidalgo, Oriane; Garcia-Jacas, Núria; Garnatje, Teresa & Susanna, Alfonso (2006). "Phylogeny of Rhaponticum (Asteraceae, Cardueae–Centaureinae) and Related Genera Inferred from Nuclear and Chloroplast DNA Sequence Data: Taxonomic and Biogeographic Implications". Annals of Botany. 97 (5): 705–714. doi:10.1093/aob/mcl029. PMC 2803413. PMID 16495316.
  9. Compositae Working Group (CWG). "Search for 'Rhaponticum'". Global Compositae Database. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
  10. "Rhaponticum Ludwig". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-05-13.
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