Richard Corfield

Richard Conyngham Corfield (27 April 1882 – 9 August 1913) was a British colonial police officer who saw service in South Africa, Nigeria, India, Kenya and Somalia in the early 20th century.

For the British scientist and broadcaster, see Richard Corfield (scientist).

Corfield distributing arms in Burao Fort

Early life

Corfield was born in Heanor, Derbyshire, the eldest of three children of the rector of Heanor, Conyngham William George Corfield and Henrietta, née Edwards. Corfield was only six years old when his father died. He first attended a dame school. In 1892 he attended Spurlings Preparatory School and then in 1896 went to Marlborough College.[1]

Early career

After leaving school, Corfield worked for a shipping company in Liverpool, the T. & J. Harrison Line, run by an uncle, Thomas Fenwick Harrison. Soon after starting work the Anglo-Boer war broke out in South Africa. Corfield immediately joined the Volunteers camped on Salisbury Plain, but later enlisted in the Baden Powell Police, sailing for Africa in December 1900. In June 1902 he was recommended for a commission, but this was rejected due to his youth.[1]

In 1905 Corfield returned to England, applied for the post of Political Officer in Somaliland, and became one of only six Europeans posted to the interior of the country. There the emir of Diiriye Guure,[2] called "the Mad Mullah", was inciting local people against the British. By 1910 he had been subdued but not beaten.[1]

In May 1910 Corfield again returned to England, but by September he was on his way to Nigeria where the British were already in conflict with Muslim inhabitants from the north part of the country. He saw action at Ganawari and other skirmishes.[1]

Further trouble was brewing in British Somaliland, and a Somaliland Camel Constabulary was formed to serve as a police force in the interior. Horace Byatt, the Governor of British Somaliland, offered the command of the new Camel Constabulary to Corfield, who accepted the opportunity to return to the Horn of Africa.[1]

British camel troopers in 1913, between Berbera and Odweyne in British Somaliland.

Return to Somaliland and Death

The Camel Constabulary took to the field in December 1912 and Corfield was authorised to punish those opposing British rule. However, he was instructed to avoid a direct confrontation with Mohammed Abdullah Hassan.[1] By mid-1913 finding these instructions restrictive and irksome, on the afternoon of 8 August 1913 he decided to attack the Dervish army close to Dul Madoba.[1]

Dul Madoba is a ridge some 25 miles (40 km) southeast of Burao in what was then British Somaliland. On the 8th of August 1913 fleeing Dhulbahante tribesmen sought refuge with Corfield who was stationed at Ber with the Camel Constabulary. The Dhulbahante informed him that the Dervish raided their settlements and captured their camel herds. [3]Corfield set out to Punish the Dervish and return the looted Dhulbahante livestock. The battle took place on 9 August 1913. On one side 110 members of the Camel Constabulary of British Somaliland and 300 British allied Dhulbahante tribesmen all under the command of Colonel Richard Corfield faced some 2750 well-armed Dervish followers of Mohammed Abdullah Hassan, nicknamed by the British as the Mad Mullah. Thirty-six of the Constabulary including Corfield were killed in action and 21 were wounded. Many of the Dervish were also killed or wounded.[4]

References
  • Bartholet, Jeffrey (12 October 2009). "It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World". Newsweek. pp. 43–47 – via ).
  • Battersby, H. F. Prevost (1914). Richard Corfield of Somaliland. London: Edward Arnold. ASIN B000WFUQT8. Retrieved 23 March 2023 – via Google Books.

Notes
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  1. Corfield, Justin J. The Corfields: A history of the Corfields from 1180 to the present day. ISBN 0-646-14333-6.
  2. Omar, Mohamed (2001). The Scramble in the Horn of Africa. p. 402. This letter is sent by all the Dervishes, the Amir, and all the Dolbahanta to the Ruler of Berbera ... We are a Government, we have a Sultan, an Amir, and Chiefs, and subjects ... (reply) In his last letter the Mullah pretends to speak in the name of the Dervishes, their Amir (himself), and the Dolbahanta tribes. This letter shows his object is to establish himself as the Ruler of the Dolbahanta
  3. Laurence, M. (2003). Heart of a Stranger. Canada: University of Alberta Press.pp.44-45
  4. "Churchill and the Mad Mullah of Somaliland: Betrayal and Redemption 1899-1921 p.156".
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