Richard Gallo

Richard L. Gallo is an American dermatologist who is a Distinguished Professor and founding Chairman of Dermatology at the University of California, San Diego. His research accomplishments as a physician-scientist include discovery of antimicrobial peptides in mammalian skin, establishing new links between innate immunity and skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and rosacea, and defining the functions of the skin microbiome in host immune defense.

For the American performance artist, see Richard Gallo (performance artist).
Richard L. Gallo
Born (1958-12-09) December 9, 1958
United States
Occupation(s)Professor, Dermatologist
Known forAntimicrobial Peptides, Microbiome

Education

Gallo did his undergraduate studies at the University of Chicago, earned his MD and PhD at the University of Rochester, interned in Pediatrics at Johns Hopkins Hospital, was a Dermatology resident at Harvard Medical School and was a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University under the supervision of Merton Bernfield'

Research

Gallo studies how humans interact with the environment and protect themselves from infection. He discovered that antimicrobial peptides are present in mammalian skin by demonstrating that cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides(Cathelicidins) are present during wound repair.[1] Subsequent work from his laboratory used molecular techniques to produce a knock out mouse that has shown how cathelicidin antimicrobials protect against infection in several organs including the skin.[2] By using a wide variety of biochemical and genetic tools his work has also shown that other antimicrobial peptides and elements of innate immunity such as Toll-like receptors and Hyaluronan influence human health. His work has translated into a new understanding of the cause of rosacea, a finding with immediate therapeutic implications. Most recently his research has defined biochemical mechanisms through which Vitamin D and the normal skin microflora Microbiome can control immune responses. These latest findings have advanced understanding of the Hygiene hypothesis, Atopic Dermatitis and Rosacea. His analysis of the function of the human skin microbiome is leading discovery of new therapeutic approaches to disease by discovering molecules from bacteria on the skin that can be used for drugs.

Several press releases and scientific publications have reported his discoveries.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

Awards and honors
  • 1990- AMA/Archives of Dermatology Young Investigator Award
  • 2002- Stern Endowment for Dermatology Research, Nobel Lectureship- Karolinska Institute
  • 2003- Elected American Society for Clinical Investigation
  • 2006- Montagna Award, Society for Investigative Dermatology
  • 2007- CE.R.I.E.S. Award
  • 2009- Stiefel Lectureship, Dermatology Foundation; Blank Lectureship, SID; Mertz award, Duhring Lectureship-U Penn
  • 2010- Elected Association of American Physicians
  • 2011- Rene’Touraine Award-European Society Dermatologic Research
  • 2012- Sulzberger Award- American Academy of Dermatology, Lerner lecture-Yale, Gilliam Lecture-UT Southwestern
  • 2013- Rook Oration, British Academy of Dermatology
  • 2014- Elected American Society for Microbiology, Dohi Lecturship and Honorary membership in Japanese Dermatology Association
  • 2015- Haynes Lectureship, Harvard Medical School, Rodan-Fields Lectureship, Stanford University
  • 2017- Elected lected as a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Newcomer Lectureship- UCLA, Lifetime Achievement Award- Manchester UK
  • 2018- Named Irma Gigli Endowed Chair of Dermatology, UCSD
  • 2019- NIH MERIT award
  • 2022- Rothman Award, Society for Investigative Dermatology
  • 2022- David Martin Carter Award, American Skin Association
  • 2023- Van Scott Lectureship and Frost Award, American Academy of Dermatology
  • 2023- Elected to the National Academy of Medicine[11]

References
  1. Gallo RL, Ono M, Povsic T, Page C, Eriksson E, Klagsbrun M, Bernfield M (November 1994). "Syndecans, cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans, are induced by a proline-rich antimicrobial peptide from wounds". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 91 (23): 11035–9. Bibcode:1994PNAS...9111035G. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.23.11035. PMC 45161. PMID 7972004.
  2. Nizet V, Ohtake T, Lauth X, Trowbridge J, Rudisill J, Dorschner RA, Pestonjamasp V, Piraino J, Huttner K, Gallo RL (November 2001). "Innate antimicrobial peptide protects the skin from invasive bacterial infection". Nature. 414 (6862): 454–7. Bibcode:2001Natur.414..454N. doi:10.1038/35106587. PMID 11719807. S2CID 4413198.
  3. "Cause Of Skin Condition Rosacea Discovered". Science Daily. 5 August 2007. Retrieved 29 December 2011.
  4. "Oral Vitamin D May Help Prevent Some Skin Infections". ScienceDaily. October 2008.
  5. "Dirt can be good for children, say scientist". BBC News. November 2009.
  6. Kain D (23 November 2009). "Surface bacteria maintains skin's healthy balance". UC Newsroom. Archived from the original on 15 January 2014.
  7. Ong PY, Ohtake T, Brandt C, Strickland I, Boguniewicz M, Ganz T, Gallo RL, Leung DY (October 2002). "Endogenous antimicrobial peptides and skin infections in atopic dermatitis". The New England Journal of Medicine. 347 (15): 1151–60. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa021481. PMID 12374875.
  8. Lai Y, Di Nardo A, Nakatsuji T, Leichtle A, Yang Y, Cogen AL, Wu ZR, Hooper LV, Schmidt RR, von Aulock S, Radek KA, Huang CM, Ryan AF, Gallo RL (December 2009). "Commensal bacteria regulate Toll-like receptor 3-dependent inflammation after skin injury". Nature Medicine. 15 (12): 1377–82. doi:10.1038/nm.2062. PMC 2880863. PMID 19966777.
  9. Nakatsuji T, Chen TH, Narala S, Chun KA, Two AM, Yun T, Shafiq F, Kotol PF, Bouslimani A, Melnik AV, Latif H, Kim JN, Lockhart A, Artis K, David G, Taylor P, Streib J, Dorrestein PC, Grier A, Gill SR, Zengler K, Hata TR, Leung DY, Gallo RL (February 2017). "Staphylococcus aureusand are deficient in atopic dermatitis". Science Translational Medicine. 9 (378): eaah4680. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aah4680. PMC 5600545. PMID 28228596.
  10. Nakatsuji T, Chen TH, Butcher AM, Trzoss LL, Nam SJ, Shirakawa KT, Zhou W, Oh J, Otto M, Fenical W, Gallo RL (February 2018). "Staphylococcus epidermidisprotects against skin neoplasia". Science Advances. 4 (2): eaao4502. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao4502. PMC 5834004. PMID 29507878.
  11. "National Academy of Medicine Elects 100 New Members". National Academy of Medicine. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
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