Bolboschoenus fluviatilis

River bulrush
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Clade:	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Cyperaceae
Genus:	Bolboschoenus
Species:	B. fluviatilis
Binomial name
	Bolboschoenus fluviatilis; (Torr.) A. Gray
Synonyms
	Scirpus fluviatilis; Schoenoplectus fluviatilis;

Bolboschoenus fluviatilis, the river bulrush, is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family, Cyperaceae.[1] Its range includes Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, Canada, the United States, and northeastern Mexico.[2][3] B. fluviatilis and its fruits are important as food sources for waterfowl such as geese, ducks, bitterns, and swans. It also provides cover and nesting sites for these and other species of birds, as well as small mammals. Like other Bolboschoenus species, B. fluviatilis has strong tubers and rhizomes which help to stabilize intertidal habitats by preventing erosion.[4]

Habitat

River bulrush can be found in fresh water or brackish water marshes, and in the quiet waters of streams and lakes. It has been shown to propagate and flourish in a wide variety of water depths, but produces the most biomass in shallowly flooded conditions.[5] B. fluviatilis, and other bulrush species, are threatened by pollution, habitat destruction, and competition from invasive plant species such as Typha angustifolia and Phragmites australis in the Hudson Valley.[6]

References

USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Schoenoplectus fluviatilis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 7 November 2015.
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Bolboschoenus fluviatilis
Flora of North America, Vol. 23 Page 42, Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torrey) Soják, Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 141: 62. 1972.
Naczi, Robert F. C.; Sheaffer, Scottie L.; Werier, David A.; Zimmerman, Charles J. (2018-09-01). "Geographic distribution, habitat characterization, and conservation status of Bolboschoenus bulrushes (Cyperaceae) in the Hudson River Estuary, USA". Brittonia. 70 (3): 289–305. doi:10.1007/s12228-018-9530-8. ISSN 1938-436X. S2CID 46984700.
Herrick, Bradley M. (December 2019). "DIFFERENTIAL PERSISTENCE AMONG NATIVE SPECIES PLANTED IN A STORMWATER RETENTION POND". Archived from the original on 2021-09-17.
Jarchow, Meghann E.; Cook, Bradley J. (2009-09-01). "Allelopathy as a mechanism for the invasion of Typha angustifolia". Plant Ecology. 204 (1): 113–124. doi:10.1007/s11258-009-9573-8. ISSN 1573-5052. S2CID 6182099.

External links

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[1] USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Schoenoplectus fluviatilis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 7 November 2015.

[2] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Bolboschoenus fluviatilis

[3] Flora of North America, Vol. 23 Page 42, Bolboschoenus fluviatilis (Torrey) Soják, Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 141: 62. 1972.

[4] Naczi, Robert F. C.; Sheaffer, Scottie L.; Werier, David A.; Zimmerman, Charles J. (2018-09-01). "Geographic distribution, habitat characterization, and conservation status of Bolboschoenus bulrushes (Cyperaceae) in the Hudson River Estuary, USA". Brittonia. 70 (3): 289–305. doi:10.1007/s12228-018-9530-8. ISSN 1938-436X. S2CID 46984700.

[5] Herrick, Bradley M. (December 2019). "DIFFERENTIAL PERSISTENCE AMONG NATIVE SPECIES PLANTED IN A STORMWATER RETENTION POND". Archived from the original on 2021-09-17.

[6] Jarchow, Meghann E.; Cook, Bradley J. (2009-09-01). "Allelopathy as a mechanism for the invasion of Typha angustifolia". Plant Ecology. 204 (1): 113–124. doi:10.1007/s11258-009-9573-8. ISSN 1573-5052. S2CID 6182099.