Robert Chambers (criminal)

Robert Emmet Chambers Jr.[1] (born September 25, 1966) is an American criminal and convicted killer. He was dubbed the Preppy Killer and the Central Park Strangler by the media after the August 26, 1986, strangulation death of 18-year-old Jennifer Levin in New York City's Central Park, for which he was originally charged with second degree murder. Chambers changed his story several times during the course of the ensuing investigation, ultimately claiming that Levin's death was the accidental result of him pushing her off of him when she caused him pain as she sexually assaulted him, an account that was characterized by media accounts as one of "rough sex". Chambers later pleaded guilty to manslaughter after a jury failed to reach a verdict after nine days of deliberation.

For other people named Robert Chambers, see Robert Chambers (disambiguation).
Robert Emmet Chambers Jr.
Born (1966-09-25) September 25, 1966
New York, New York, U.S.
Other namesThe Preppy Killer
The Central Park Strangler
Known forKilling of Jennifer Levin
Criminal statusParoled
Parents
  • Robert Emmet Chambers Sr. (father)
  • Phyllis Chambers (née Shanley) (mother)
Conviction(s)First degree manslaughter
First degree criminal sale of a controlled substance
Second degree assault
Second degree burglary
Criminal penalty5 to 15 years imprisonment (1988)
19 years imprisonment (2008)

Early life

Robert Chambers was born in New York City on September 25, 1966, to Robert Chambers, Sr. and Phyllis Chambers. His father was a videocassette distributor and his mother worked as a private nurse, once treating a young John F. Kennedy Jr. for bronchitis and arranging a play date for him and Robert. The family lived in a working-class section of Queens before moving to the Upper East Side when Chambers' parents divorced.

Though not affluent, Chambers' mother worked to pay for his childhood attendance at prestigious prep school York Prep on the Upper East Side, though scholarships assisted in this luxury. The fact that his family had far less money than his classmates created social problems, including difficulty socializing with his peers. By the time he reached college age, Chambers had descended into a life of petty theft, alcoholism, and drug use.[2]

Chambers was accepted by Boston University, but was asked to leave after one semester[2][3] for reasons which included the use of a stolen credit card. He later committed other petty thefts and burglaries in connection with his drug and alcohol abuse. Unable to hold a job, Chambers was issued a summons for disorderly conduct one night after leaving Dorrian's Red Hand, a bar located at 300 East 84th Street in Manhattan. He destroyed the summons as the police were leaving the scene, yelling, "You fucking cowards, you should stick to niggers!"[3]

Killing of Jennifer Levin

Background

Chambers’ girlfriend at the time of the murder was future television actress Alex Kapp.[4] The couple broke up after Chambers stole Kapp's $50 allowance and according to Kapp, after Levin had started to pursue him. Levin and Chambers briefly dated. On the day of the murder, both were at Dorrian's Red Hand.[5]

Finding of the body

A bicyclist found Levin's half-naked corpse on August 26, 1986, at about 6:15 a.m.,[6] in Central Park near Fifth Avenue and 83rd Street,[2] behind the Metropolitan Museum of Art.[2][7] Her body was lying twisted[6] by a tree, with her bra and top pulled up.[8] Levin's body and face were covered in scratches and bite marks.[6][9] Deep red marks were across her neck, her left eye was swollen, and her fingernails were bruised, suggesting that in her final moments she had tried to pull down whatever had been strangling her.[8]

Chambers hid and watched as police officers surveyed the scene. Investigators found Levin's underwear some 50 yards (46 m) away.[10]

Levin's autopsy was performed by associate medical examiner Dr. Maria Luz Alandy, who determined that Levin had been strangled.[11] Levin was estimated to have died around 5:30 a.m.[6]

Arrest and trial

After several of Dorrian's patrons told police that they had last seen Levin leaving the bar with Chambers, police went to his home. Upon arrival,[2] they saw that Chambers had fresh and bloody scratches on both sides of his face,[5][6] which he blamed on his cat before later admitting his cat was declawed. Chambers agreed to accompany police to the Central Park precinct for questioning. There he was asked if he left Dorrian's with Levin, which he denied. After police told him that bar patrons had witnessed him leaving with Levin, he admitted that he had.[5]

He said that she quickly went to buy cigarettes. Detectives pointed out that Levin did not smoke and Chambers admitted that she hadn’t gone for cigarettes. He then claimed that she cajoled him into going to Central Park to have sex and she died during an aggressive sexual encounter in the park.[5] Before booking, Chambers was permitted to see his father, to whom he said, "That fucking bitch, why didn't she leave me alone?"[12]

Archbishop Theodore Edgar McCarrick of Newark, New Jersey, later Archbishop of Washington, wrote a letter of support for Chambers' bail application. He had known Chambers and his mother because she had been employed as a nurse by Cardinal Terence Cooke. McCarrick was close to the Chambers family and had served as Robert's godfather at his baptism. In 2019, he was defrocked for sex offenses against adults and minors.[13] Chambers had secured bail through his family and the owner of the bar, Jack Dorrian, who put up his townhouse as collateral for a bail bond.[14]

Chambers was charged with, and tried for, two counts of second-degree murder. His defense was that Levin's death had occurred during "rough sex". He was defended by Jack Litman, who had previously used the temporary insanity defense on behalf of Richard Herrin for the murder of Yale University student Bonnie Garland. Litman claimed Levin was promiscuous, saying she had a sex diary and that her sexual history was admissible as evidence, prompting headlines such as "How Jennifer Courted Death" in New York's Daily News. On remand, Chambers was filmed twisting off the head of a Barbie doll and saying, "Oops, I think I killed her."[15]

Prosecutor Linda Fairstein stated: "In more than 8,000 cases of reported assaults in the last ten years, this is the first in which a male reported being sexually assaulted by a female."[16][17][18]

Chambers' trial began on January 4, 1988, and lasted 13 weeks.[6] Alandy testified on February 9 that pinpoint hemorrhages observed in the soft tissue around Levin's eyes could be caused by a constriction of the blood vessels in the neck. She explained that this was evidence of compression of her neck, and an indication that she had been strangled.[11] When Chambers' attorney, Jack Litman, suggested on cross-examination that Chambers could have choked Levin in an arm lock that could cause death in seconds, and that the marks on her neck could have been made when she quickly moved her head from side to side in a struggle for air, Alandy stated that while such an occurrence was possible, this did not occur in Levin's case. She also stated that while some of the injuries on Levin's neck could have been caused by Chambers' wristwatch and shirt, rather than his hands, her injuries overall were not consistent with the scenario Litman described.[19]

When the jury failed to reach a verdict after nine days of deliberation, the prosecution and Chambers agreed to a plea bargain. He pleaded guilty to first-degree manslaughter, which carried a sentence of between five and fifteen years. He was also required to admit that he intended to hurt Levin sufficiently to cause her death. During his sentencing that April, he stated in court, "It breaks my heart to have to say that. The Levin family has gone through hell because of my actions, and I am sorry." Chambers received a sentence of 15 years in prison.[5][6]

Post-conviction

In 1997, Chambers sent an untitled essay he wrote to prison anthologist Jeff Evans. The piece, subsequently titled "Christmas: Present", appeared in the book Undoing Time: American Prisoners in Their Own Words.[20] Written while Chambers was incarcerated at Green Haven Correctional Facility in Stormville, New York, the essay is an entry from one of his journals, which he calls "a record of the meaningless hope and frightening losses of a person I don't even know."[21]

Chambers was released from Auburn Prison on February 14, 2003, after having served the entirety of his prison term due to his numerous infractions. His release was a media circus, with reporters staking out prime sections of the sidewalk opposite the prison as early as thirteen hours before his 7:30 a.m. release time.[22] The same day, Dateline NBC interviewed Chambers, who continued to claim that he strangled Levin accidentally in an attempt to stop her from hurting him during rough sex. He also falsely denied that he had been disciplined in prison.[23]

Jack Dorrian settled with Levin's parents on their claim that Dorrian's bar, where Levin and Chambers had been before they went to Central Park on the night of her death, had served too much alcohol to Chambers. A wrongful death lawsuit, which Chambers did not contest, provides that he must pay all lump sums he receives, including any income from book or movie deals, plus ten percent of his future income (up to $25 million), to the Levin family.[22] The family has said all the money it gets from Chambers will go to victims' rights organizations.[24]

Drug charges

In July 2005, Chambers pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor drug charge and on August 29 was given a reduced sentence of 90 days in jail and fined $200 for a license violation. The judge added 10 days to the time prosecutors and Chambers' lawyer had agreed on because he was an hour late for the hearing. He would have faced up to a year in jail if he had been convicted after trial.[25]

On October 22, 2007, Chambers was arrested again, this time in his own apartment,[26] and charged with three counts of selling a controlled substance in the first degree, three counts of selling a controlled substance in the second degree, and one count of resisting arrest.[27] His longtime girlfriend, Shawn Kovell, was also arrested on one count of selling a controlled substance in the second degree. The Daily News reported:

Cops said Chambers, 41, struggled with officers who tried to handcuff him on the felony charges. One detective suffered a broken thumb in the fracas.[28]

Commenting on his new arrest, former Assistant District Attorney Linda Fairstein, who had prosecuted Chambers for Levin's death, said:

Doesn't surprise me. I always believed his problem with drugs and alcohol would get him in trouble again. He's had the opportunity in prison to detox and take college courses, to straighten out his life, but that clearly is of no interest to him. He's learned nothing in the last 20 years.[28]

Chambers and Kovell were charged with running a cocaine operation out of the apartment. The two had previously been given notices for not paying rent, and the phone had been disconnected.[29][30] Chambers appeared in court on December 18; according to the New York Post, his lawyer filed "new papers elaborating on his psychiatric defense".[31] The filing claimed that Chambers had become an addict at the age of 14 and was, by 2007, using 10 to 12 bags of heroin a day. It was also reported that he also used cocaine, was smoking marijuana and taking prescription drugs. Chambers planned to plead insanity. Prosecutors countered that Chambers was a drug dealer and had sold as much as $2,800 in heroin at a time to undercover police. Chambers faced life in prison on the drug charges.[32]

On August 11, 2008, the Manhattan DA's office announced that Chambers had pleaded guilty to selling drugs. On September 2, 2008, he was sentenced to 19 years on the drug charge.[33] Chambers was released from New York's Shawangunk Correctional Facility on July 25, 2023, after serving 15 years of his 19-year sentence.[34] He will be on parole until 2028.[35]

References
  1. Lambert, Bruce; Baker, Al (October 23, 2007). "'Preppy Killer' in Drug Arrest". The New York Times. New York City. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  2. Finn, Heather (November 14, 2019). "The Preppy Murder: The True Story Behind AMC's 'Death in Central Park' Series". Good Housekeeping. Archived from the original on November 14, 2019. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  3. Gado, Mark. "A Killing in Central Park: The Preppy Murder Case—Robert Chambers". Crime Library. TruTV. Archived from the original on October 25, 2007. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  4. "Alex Kapp Horner: Biography". TV Guide. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014.
  5. Harris, Chris (August 26, 2019). "Everything to Know About 'Preppy Murder' Case 33 Years After N.Y.C. Teen's Death in Central Park". People. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
  6. Tempera, Jacqueline (November 13, 2019). "Who Is Robert Chambers And Did He Kill Jennifer Levin? 'The Preppy Murder' True Story, Explained". Women's Health. Archived from the original on November 14, 2019. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  7. Pessin, Esther (January 19, 1988). "A friend who was with Jennifer Levin the night..." UPI. Archived from the original on December 29, 2021. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  8. Sederstrom, Jill (November 14, 2019). "How The Defense In 'The Preppy Murder' Blamed The Victim For Her Own Death". Oxygen True Crime. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  9. Raab, Selwyn (August 30, 1986). "Lawyer Weighs Plea of Insanity in Park Slaying". The New York Times. New York City. Retrieved May 19, 2008.
  10. Gado, Mark. "A Killing in Central Park: The Preppy Murder Case—Robert Chambers". Crime Library. TruTV. Archived from the original on October 25, 2007. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  11. Johnson, Kirk (February 10, 1988). "Levin's Injuries Are Described By a Physician". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 25, 2015. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  12. Gado, Mark. "A Killing In Central Park: The Preppie Murder Case—'The First Man Raped in Central Park!'". Crime Library. TruTV. Archived from the original on October 26, 2007. Retrieved November 16, 2007.
  13. "Comunicato della Congregazione per la Dottrina della Fede, 16.02.2019" (Press release). Holy See Press Office. February 16, 2019. Retrieved February 16, 2019.
  14. "License Is Suspended At Dorrian's Red Hand". The New York Times. Associated Press. November 25, 1987. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  15. Denninger, Lindsay (November 14, 2019). "Where Is The Preppy Murderer Now?". Refinery29. Archived from the original on August 16, 2022. Retrieved August 16, 2022.
  16. Wolfe, Linda (October 31, 2017). The Linda Wolfe Collection: Five True Crime Classics. New York City: Open Road Integrated Media. p. 140. ISBN 9781504049030. Retrieved April 5, 2021 – via Google Books.
  17. Ethier, Bryan (2010). True Crime: New York City: The City's Most Notorious Criminal Casess. Mechanicsburg, Pennsylvania: Stackpole Books. p. 113. ISBN 9780811742047. Retrieved April 5, 2021 – via Google Books.
  18. Bono, Sal (November 10, 2019). "The 'Preppy Killer' and the Tabloid Sensation Still Defining 1980s New York Today". Inside Edition. Archived from the original on November 11, 2019. Retrieved April 5, 2021.
  19. Pessin, Esther (February 11, 1988). "A pathologist who performed an autopsy on a teenage..." UPI. Archived from the original on December 29, 2021. Retrieved December 29, 2021.
  20. Northeastern University Press, 2001
  21. Evans, Jeff (2001). "Christmas: Present". Undoing Time: American Prisoners in Their Own Words. Boston, Massachusetts: Northeastern University Press. pp. 136ff. ISBN 1-55553-458-9.
  22. "In Statement, Chambers Says He Regrets His Actions". New York Times. February 14, 2003. Retrieved 2007-11-20.
  23. "Coming up on Dateline NBC". Dateline NBC. February 14, 2003. Archived from the original on December 7, 2003. Retrieved 2010-10-14.
  24. Wolfe, Linda. Wasted: The Preppie Murder. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1989. ISBN 0-671-64184-0
  25. Tavernese, Sabrina (August 30, 2005). "Drugs Send Chambers, '86 Killer, Back to Jail". The New York Times. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  26. "Preppie Killer Arrested". WCBS NewsRadio 880. October 21, 2007. Archived from the original on October 26, 2007. Retrieved November 15, 2007.
  27. Lambert, Bruce; Baker, Al (October 23, 2007). "'Preppy Killer' in Drug Arrest". New York Times. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  28. Gendar, Alison; Standora, Leo (October 23, 2007). "Preppie killer Robert Chambers, girlfriend in coke bust". Daily News. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  29. Gendar, Alison; Connor, Tracy (October 24, 2007). "Robert Chambers, Shawn Kovell: From preppies to druggies". Daily News. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  30. Italiano, Laura; Martinez, Erika; Alpert, Lukas I. (October 24, 2007). "Chambers of Horrors: 1986 Killer Kept Hi-Rise Crackhouse in Constant Filth: Cops". New York Post. Retrieved November 20, 2007.
  31. Italiano, Laura (December 19, 2007). "Preppy Primps for Court Date". New York Post. Retrieved December 19, 2007.
  32. Italiano, Laura (March 12, 2008). "A 'Dirty Dozen' Druggie 12-Bag-A Day Preppy". New York Post. Retrieved March 12, 2008.
  33. "'Preppie Killer' Gets 19 Years On Drug Plea". WNBC New York. September 2, 2008. Archived from the original on September 4, 2008.
  34. Donlevy, Katherine (July 28, 2023). "'Preppy Killer' Robert Chambers released from NYS prison after serving 15 years in drug, assault case". New York Post. Archived from the original on July 29, 2023. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  35. "'Preppy Killer' Robert Chambers released from prison after 15-year sentence in drug, assault case". CBS New York. July 29, 2023. Archived from the original on July 29, 2023. Retrieved July 29, 2023.
  36. Gunderman, Dan (August 26, 2016). "A look at pop culture references to the 'Preppy Murder' tragedy that rocked New York 30 years ago". Daily News. Retrieved 11 January 2018.
  37. Finley, Karen (1990). Shock Treatment. San Francisco: City Lights SF. pp. 64, 88. ISBN 0-87286-252-6.

Further reading
  • Benedict, Helen. Virgin or Vamp. Oxford University Press, 1992. ISBN 0-19-506680-4.
  • Carr, C. "Who's on Trial?" Village Voice, October 27, 1987.
  • Freedman, Samuel J. "Sexual Politics and a Slaying: Anger at Chambers' Defense." New York Times, December 4, 1986.
  • Johnson, Kirk. "$150,000 Bail Set in Park Slaying Case." New York Times, September 30, 1986; "Levin's Last Night Recalled by Friend," January 21, 1988; "Chambers, With Jury at Impasse, Admits 1st Degree Manslaughter," March 26, 1988.
  • Kunen, James S., Alen Carter, and Kristina Johnson. "Art Imitates Death in the Preppie Murder." People Magazine, September 25, 1989.
  • Margolick, David. "Accused of Putting the Victim on Trial, a Top Defense Lawyer is on Trial Himself." New York Times, January 22, 1988.
  • MSNBC Television. Headliners and Legends: Robert Chambers. 2001.
  • Riley, John. "An Aggressive Defense, or Obscene Quest." National Law Journal, April 13, 1987.
  • Shipp, E. R. "Decision to Bargain." New York Times, March 26, 1988.
  • Taubman, Bryna. The Preppy Murder Trial. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1988. ISBN 0-312-91317-6.
  • Uhlig, Mark A. "Jurors Describe 'Wild Shifts' of Opinion." New York Times, March 26, 1988.
  • Wolf, Marvin J., and Katherine Mader. "The Right Sort of Friends," in Rotten Apples: Chronicles of New York Crime and Mystery 1689 to the Present. New York: Ballantine Books, 1991. ISBN 0-345-36278-0.
  • Wolfe, Linda. Wasted: The Preppie Murder. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989. ISBN 0-671-64184-0
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