Robert Smalls House

The Robert Smalls House is a historic house at 511 Prince Street in Beaufort, South Carolina. Built in 1843 and altered several times, the house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1974 for its association with Robert Smalls (1839-1915). Smalls, born into slavery, achieved notice for commandeering the CSS Planter and sailing her to freedom during the American Civil War. After the war he represented South Carolina in the United States House of Representatives during Reconstruction.[2][3]

Robert Smalls House
HABS photo, c. 1980
Robert Smalls House is located in South Carolina
Robert Smalls House
Robert Smalls House is located in the United States
Robert Smalls House
Location511 Prince St., Beaufort, South Carolina
Coordinates32°26′7″N 80°40′6″W
Built1839
Part ofBeaufort Historic District (ID69000159)
NRHP reference No.74001823
Significant dates
Added to NRHPMay 30, 1974[1]
Designated NHLMay 30, 1973[2]
Designated NHLDCPNovember 7, 1973

Description and history

The Robert Smalls House is located in central Beaufort, at the northeast corner of Prince and New Streets. It is a two-story wood-frame structure, with a side gable roof and a two-story porch extending across its (south-facing) front facade. A two-story ell extends to the rear, giving the house a basic T shape. The house was built in 1843, originally with a single-story porch and ell, which were expanded to two stories in 1850 and 1870.[2]

Robert Smalls was born into slavery in 1839, and spent most of his early years in this house, where his master (and father) was Henry McKee (Son of John McKee). Around 1851 he was hired out by McKee to work in Charleston, where he worked on the docks, and eventually learned to sail. In 1862, during the American Civil War, he successfully commandeered the Planter, sailing her to the blockading Union fleet. He later served in the Union Navy, and became involved in South Carolina politics after the war. His bravery was made a key argument in favor of the Union Army's enlistment of African-American soldiers.[2]

See also

References
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. "Robert Smalls House". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved March 9, 2008.
  3. Marcia M. Greenlee (December 1973). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Robert Smalls House" (pdf). National Park Service. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying one photo, exterior, from 1973 (32 KB)
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