Roberto Córdova

Roberto Córdova (Mexico City, October 1899 – 1967) was a Mexican jurist, international judge, and diplomat. Córdova served as a judge for the International Court of Justice (ICJ) between 1955 and 1964.[1][2][3][4] He was the second Mexican to serve as an ICJ judge, following Isidro Fabela.[5]

Not to be confused with Roberto Córdoba.

Córdova was also a member of the United Nations International Law Commission between 1949 and 1955.

Career

Roberto Córdova studied law at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and attended the University of Texas, where he received a scholarship. During his athletic career he represented Mexico in the Olympic Games.[6] He served as Mexico's agent in the United States-Mexico Claims Commission in the 1920s and subsequently represented Mexico in arbitration negotiations with the United States between 1937 and 1940.[7][8][9]

Between 1938 and 1943, Córdova was a legal adviser to the Embassy of Mexico in Washington, D.C. He also served as the Mexican Ambassador to Costa Rica in 1943.[10] Córdova was a diplomatic delegate for Mexico twice in 1945; first at the Chapultepec Conference, which laid the foundations for the Inter-American Treaty of Mutual Assistance,[11] and the San Francisco Conference, at which the Charter of the United Nations was adopted.[12][13]

Córdova served on two prominent international law bodies. From 1949 to 1954 he was a member of the newly established UN International Law Commission (ILC),[6][7][14] and participated in early round discussions regarding the possibility of establishing an International Criminal Court.[15]

In 1955 Córdova was elected as a judge to the International Court of Justice alongside Hersch Lauterpacht and Lucio Moreno Quintana. He served in this position until 1964.[1][2][3][16] His contribution in the Nottebohm case to the legal status of "'real and effective' nationality in matters of dual or multiple nationality conflicts" has been described as "[memorable]."[17] Córdova previously served as Special Rapporteur to the International Law Commission on "nationality, including statelessness" [7][18][19] and his ILC report on the subject continues to be discussed today.[20][21][22]

Read more
  • Roberto Córdova. In: Arthur Eyffinger, Arthur Witteveen, Mohammed Bedjaoui: La Cour Internationale de Justice 1946–1996. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague and London 1999, ISBN 9-04-110468-2, p. 274
  • Córdova, Roberto. In: Ronald Hilton (ed.): Who's Who in Latin America. Part I: Mexico. Third revised and expanded edition. Stanford University Press Stanford 1962, ISBN 0-80-470709-X, pp. 30

References
  1. "La Corte Internacional de Justicia en su 75º aniversario". El Universal (in Spanish). 20 April 2021. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  2. "Presencia Histórica". mision.sre.gob.mx. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  3. "Foreign Relations of the United States, 1952–1954, United Nations Affairs, Volume III – Office of the Historian". history.state.gov. Retrieved 5 January 2023.
  4. "All Members | International Court of Justice". www.icj-cij.org. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  5. Vega Cánovas, G. (2007). Bernardo Sepúlveda: juez de la Corte internacional de justicia. Mexico: El Colegio de México, page 117.
  6. Compulsory Jurisdiction, International Court of Justice: Hearings Before the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Eighty-sixth Congress, Second Session, on S. Res. 94, a Resolution to Amend S. Res. 196, 79th Congress, 2d Session, Relating to the Recognition of the Jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice in Certain Legal Disputes. January 27 and February 17, (1960), page 267. United States: U.S. Government Printing Office.
  7. International Court of Justice (1955). "Communique No. 55/2" (PDF).
  8. Beyond the Borders of the Law: Critical Legal Histories of the North American West. University Press of Kansas. 2018. doi:10.2307/j.ctv7fmftf. ISBN 978-0-7006-2679-3. JSTOR j.ctv7fmftf. S2CID 239815080.
  9. Martinez, Monica Muñoz (24 September 2018). "3. Denial of Justice". The Injustice Never Leaves You. Harvard University Press. pp. 120–171. doi:10.4159/9780674989405-004. ISBN 978-0-674-98940-5. S2CID 239356631.
  10. Ambassadors of Mexico
  11. García Ramírez, Sergio. "México y la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos".
  12. "LIFE – Hosted by Google". images.google.com. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  13. "United Nations Photo - 01b.jpg". dam.media.un.org. Retrieved 29 November 2022.
  14. "Statelessness and getting to the meaning of nationality | Kaldor Centre". www.kaldorcentre.unsw.edu.au. Retrieved 6 January 2023.
  15. Pella, Vespasian V. (January 1950). "Towards an International Criminal Court". American Journal of International Law. 44 (1): 37–68. doi:10.2307/2193451. ISSN 0002-9300. JSTOR 2193451. S2CID 147377243.
  16. Lauterpacht, E. (2010). The Life of Hersch Lauterpacht. (n.p.): Cambridge University Press, page 381.
  17. Prati Rousselet, Catherine (November 2022). "México y el Derecho Internacional para el siglo XXI". Foreign Affairs Latinoamérica.
  18. Córdova, Roberto; UN. International Law Commission. Special Rapporteur on Nationality, including Statelessness (1954). "Report on Nationality, Including Statelessness by Mr. Roberto Córdova, Special Rapporteur". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  19. McDougal, Myres S.; Lasswell, Harold D.; Chen, Lung-chu (1974). "Nationality and Human Rights: The Protection of the Individual in External Arenas". The Yale Law Journal. 83 (5): 900–998. doi:10.2307/795378. ISSN 0044-0094. JSTOR 795378.
  20. Lay Lee, T. (2005). Statelessness, Human Rights and Gender: Irregular Migrant Workers from Burma in Thailand. Netherlands: Brill, pages 34-35.
  21. Kaneko-Iwase, Mai (2021), Kaneko-Iwase, Mai (ed.), "Introduction", Nationality of Foundlings: Avoiding Statelessness Among Children of Unknown Parents Under International Nationality Law, Evidence-Based Approaches to Peace and Conflict Studies, Singapore: Springer, vol. 5, pp. 1–29, doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3005-7_1, ISBN 978-981-16-3005-7, retrieved 6 January 2023
  22. Hernández Moreno, Nacho (2022). "La nacionalidad como llave para el ejercicio de los derechos humanos". Anuario de Filosofía del Derecho: 37–58. ISSN 0518-0872.
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