SKIL

SKIL
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3EQ5
Identifiers
Aliases	SKIL, SNO, SnoA, SnoI, SnoN, SKI-like proto-oncogene, SKI like proto-oncogene
External IDs	OMIM: 165340 MGI: 106203 HomoloGene: 3948 GeneCards: SKIL
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (human)[1]
End	170,396,835 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 3 (mouse)[2]
End	31,176,726 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	jejunal mucosa; ; Achilles tendon; ; visceral pleura; ; endothelial cell; ; superficial temporal artery; ; lower lobe of lung; ; pericardium; ; thymus; ; bronchial epithelial cell; ; synovial joint;
	Top expressed in
	molar; ; cumulus cell; ; external carotid artery; ; pineal gland; ; ciliary body; ; body of femur; ; internal carotid artery; ; belly cord; ; olfactory tubercle; ; pyloric antrum;
	More reference expression data
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	DNA binding; transcription corepressor activity; protein domain specific binding; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; protein binding; SMAD binding; chromatin binding; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; protein-containing complex binding;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; PML body; nucleoplasm; acrosomal vesicle; nucleus; protein-containing complex;
Biological process	positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors; response to cytokine; lymphocyte homeostasis; response to antibiotic; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; blastocyst formation; positive regulation of axonogenesis; protein homotrimerization; lens fiber cell differentiation; positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage; spermatogenesis; protein heterotrimerization; response to growth factor; skeletal muscle tissue development; negative regulation of BMP signaling pathway; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; neuron development; negative regulation of cell differentiation;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	6498
	20482
	ENSG00000136603
	ENSMUSG00000027660
	P12757
	Q60665
	NM_001145097; NM_001145098; NM_001248008; NM_005414
NM_001039090; NM_001271772; NM_011386; NM_001398558; NM_001398559;
	NM_001398560
	NP_001138569; NP_001138570; NP_001234937; NP_005405
NP_001034179; NP_001258701; NP_035516; NP_001385487; NP_001385488;
	NP_001385489
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Ski-like protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SKIL gene.[5][6]

Interactions

SKIL interacts with SKI protein,[7] Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3[8][9] and Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2.[8][9]

Protein Family

SKIL belongs to the Ski/Sno/Dac family, shared by SKI protein, Dachshund, and SKIDA1.[10] Members of the Ski/Sno/Dac family share a domain that is roughly 100 amino acids long.

References

GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136603 - Ensembl, May 2017
GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027660 - Ensembl, May 2017
"Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
"Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
Nomura N; Sasamoto S; Ishii S; Date T; Matsui M; Ishizaki R (September 1989). "Isolation of human cDNA clones of ski and the ski-related gene, sno". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (14): 5489–500. doi:10.1093/nar/17.14.5489. PMC 318172. PMID 2762147.
"Entrez Gene: SKIL SKI-like oncogene".
Cohen, S B; Zheng G; Heyman H C; Stavnezer E (February 1999). "Heterodimers of the SnoN and Ski oncoproteins form preferentially over homodimers and are more potent transforming agents". Nucleic Acids Res. ENGLAND. 27 (4): 1006–14. doi:10.1093/nar/27.4.1006. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 148280. PMID 9927733.
Stroschein, S L; Bonni S; Wrana J L; Luo K (November 2001). "Smad3 recruits the anaphase-promoting complex for ubiquitination and degradation of SnoN". Genes Dev. United States. 15 (21): 2822–36. doi:10.1101/gad.912901. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 312804. PMID 11691834.
Stroschein, S L; Wang W; Zhou S; Zhou Q; Luo K (October 1999). "Negative feedback regulation of TGF-beta signaling by the SnoN oncoprotein". Science. UNITED STATES. 286 (5440): 771–4. doi:10.1126/science.286.5440.771. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 10531062.
"Conserved Protein Domain Family Ski_Sno". NCBI. Retrieved 5 May 2019.

Pearson-White S (1993). "SnoI, a novel alternatively spliced isoform of the ski protooncogene homolog, sno". Nucleic Acids Res. 21 (19): 4632–8. doi:10.1093/nar/21.19.4632. PMC 311202. PMID 8233802.
Pearson-White S; Crittenden R (1997). "Proto-oncogene Sno expression, alternative isoforms and immediate early serum response". Nucleic Acids Res. 25 (14): 2930–7. doi:10.1093/nar/25.14.2930. PMC 146803. PMID 9207045.
Cohen SB; Zheng G; Heyman HC; Stavnezer E (1999). "Heterodimers of the SnoN and Ski oncoproteins form preferentially over homodimers and are more potent transforming agents". Nucleic Acids Res. 27 (4): 1006–14. doi:10.1093/nar/27.4.1006. PMC 148280. PMID 9927733.
Stroschein SL, Wang W, Zhou S, et al. (1999). "Negative feedback regulation of TGF-beta signaling by the SnoN oncoprotein". Science. 286 (5440): 771–4. doi:10.1126/science.286.5440.771. PMID 10531062.
Bonni S, Wang HR, Causing CG, et al. (2001). "TGF-beta induces assembly of a Smad2-Smurf2 ubiquitin ligase complex that targets SnoN for degradation". Nat. Cell Biol. 3 (6): 587–95. doi:10.1038/35078562. PMID 11389444. S2CID 23270947.
Imoto I, Pimkhaokham A, Fukuda Y, et al. (2001). "SNO is a probable target for gene amplification at 3q26 in squamous-cell carcinomas of the esophagus". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 286 (3): 559–65. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.5428. PMID 11511096.
Stroschein SL; Bonni S; Wrana JL; Luo K (2001). "Smad3 recruits the anaphase-promoting complex for ubiquitination and degradation of SnoN". Genes Dev. 15 (21): 2822–36. doi:10.1101/gad.912901. PMC 312804. PMID 11691834.
Mizuide M, Hara T, Furuya T, et al. (2003). "Two short segments of Smad3 are important for specific interaction of Smad3 with c-Ski and SnoN". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (1): 531–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.C200596200. PMID 12426322.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
Tomsig JL; Snyder SL; Creutz CE (2003). "Identification of targets for calcium signaling through the copine family of proteins. Characterization of a coiled-coil copine-binding motif". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (12): 10048–54. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212632200. PMID 12522145.
He J, Tegen SB, Krawitz AR, et al. (2003). "The transforming activity of Ski and SnoN is dependent on their ability to repress the activity of Smad proteins" (PDF). J. Biol. Chem. 278 (33): 30540–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M304016200. PMID 12764135. S2CID 31081406.
Colland F, Jacq X, Trouplin V, et al. (2004). "Functional Proteomics Mapping of a Human Signaling Pathway". Genome Res. 14 (7): 1324–32. doi:10.1101/gr.2334104. PMC 442148. PMID 15231748.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
Sarker KP; Wilson SM; Bonni S (2005). "SnoN is a cell type-specific mediator of transforming growth factor-beta responses". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (13): 13037–46. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409367200. PMID 15677458.
Barrios-Rodiles M, Brown KR, Ozdamar B, et al. (2005). "High-throughput mapping of a dynamic signaling network in mammalian cells". Science. 307 (5715): 1621–5. Bibcode:2005Sci...307.1621B. doi:10.1126/science.1105776. PMID 15761153. S2CID 39457788.
Poser I, Rothhammer T, Dooley S, et al. (2005). "Characterization of Sno expression in malignant melanoma". Int. J. Oncol. 26 (5): 1411–7. doi:10.3892/ijo.26.5.1411. PMID 15809735.
Krakowski AR, Laboureau J, Mauviel A, et al. (2005). "Cytoplasmic SnoN in normal tissues and nonmalignant cells antagonizes TGF-β signaling by sequestration of the Smad proteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102 (35): 12437–42. Bibcode:2005PNAS..10212437K. doi:10.1073/pnas.0504107102. PMC 1194926. PMID 16109768.
Zhu Q; Pearson-White S; Luo K (2006). "Requirement for the SnoN Oncoprotein in Transforming Growth Factor β-Induced Oncogenic Transformation of Fibroblast Cells". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (24): 10731–44. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.24.10731-10744.2005. PMC 1316959. PMID 16314499.
Briones-Orta MA, Sosa-Garrocho M, Moreno-Alvarez P, et al. (2006). "SnoN co-repressor binds and represses smad7 gene promoter". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 341 (3): 889–94. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.01.041. PMID 16442497.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000136603 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027660 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid2762147-5] Nomura N; Sasamoto S; Ishii S; Date T; Matsui M; Ishizaki R (September 1989). "Isolation of human cDNA clones of ski and the ski-related gene, sno". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (14): 5489–500. doi:10.1093/nar/17.14.5489. PMC 318172. PMID 2762147.

[entrez-6] "Entrez Gene: SKIL SKI-like oncogene".

[pmid9927733-7] Cohen, S B; Zheng G; Heyman H C; Stavnezer E (February 1999). "Heterodimers of the SnoN and Ski oncoproteins form preferentially over homodimers and are more potent transforming agents". Nucleic Acids Res. ENGLAND. 27 (4): 1006–14. doi:10.1093/nar/27.4.1006. ISSN 0305-1048. PMC 148280. PMID 9927733.

[pmid11691834-8] Stroschein, S L; Bonni S; Wrana J L; Luo K (November 2001). "Smad3 recruits the anaphase-promoting complex for ubiquitination and degradation of SnoN". Genes Dev. United States. 15 (21): 2822–36. doi:10.1101/gad.912901. ISSN 0890-9369. PMC 312804. PMID 11691834.

[pmid10531062-9] Stroschein, S L; Wang W; Zhou S; Zhou Q; Luo K (October 1999). "Negative feedback regulation of TGF-beta signaling by the SnoN oncoprotein". Science. UNITED STATES. 286 (5440): 771–4. doi:10.1126/science.286.5440.771. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 10531062.

[10] "Conserved Protein Domain Family Ski_Sno". NCBI. Retrieved 5 May 2019.

SKIL

Interactions

Protein Family

References

Further reading