Sacisaurus

Sacisaurus ("Saci lizard") is a silesaurid dinosauriform from the Late Triassic (Norian) Caturrita Formation of southern Brazil.[1] The scientific name, Sacisaurus agudoensis, refers to the city where the species was found, Agudo in the Rio Grande do Sul state, whereas Sacisaurus refers to Saci, a famous one-legged creature from Brazilian mythology, because among the dozens of fossil material unearthed, 35 right femora were collected whereas only 1 left femur was found.[2]

Sacisaurus
Temporal range: Late Triassic
~
Skeletal reconstruction of Sacisaurus agudoensis. Known elements are in white.
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dracohors
Family: †Silesauridae
Clade: †Sulcimentisauria
Genus: †Sacisaurus
Ferigolo & Langer 2006
Species
  • S. agudoensis Ferigolo & Langer 2006 (type)

Characteristics
Size comparison of S. agudoensis

Sacisaurus was approximately 1.1 metres (3.6 ft) long and 35 centimetres (1.15 ft) high, based on the largest femoral specimen.[3] Some elements that were originally mentioned in the description study were reassigned to other taxa afterwards.[4] Its long and strong legs indicate that it was a fast animal. The biggest teeth of the genus were just 3 millimetres (0.12 in) long.[3]

Life reconstruction of Sacisaurus agudoensis.

The well-preserved jaw indicates that Sacisaurus was an herbivore, and there is a process at the tip that resembles the ornithischian predentary bone. Further research attempted to define if Sacisaurus was the oldest ornithischian dinosaur. In 2011, a cladistic analysis of some of its morphological particularities found that its closest relative was the silesaurid Diodorus.[5]

History

Sacisaurus was discovered in 2001 in the small municipality of Agudo, in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul state. With 50 bones, scientists assembled the skeleton and speculated on how the animal might have lived. The fossil was presented for the first time in the 2nd Latin American Congress of Vertebrate Paleontology in 2005. .

After the work of Brazilian scientists, the announcement of the discovery of the new species was made on November 1, 2006 at the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, where the bones were identified and the paper was published in the British scientific journal Historical Biology: A Journal of Paleobiology on October 30, 2006.[1]

The discovery helped scientists to study the feeding habits of dinosaurs and their close relatives, since it is one of the oldest ever found.

References
  1. Ferigolo, J.; Langer, M.C. (2006). "A Late Triassic dinosauriform from south Brazil and the origin of the ornithischian predentary bone" (PDF). Historical Biology. 19 (1): 1–11. doi:10.1080/08912960600845767. S2CID 85819339. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-27.
  2. Ferigolo, J. and Langer, M.C. (2006), A Late Triassic dinosauriform from south Brazil and the origin of the ornithischian predentary bone, Historical Biology: A Journal of Paleobiology, p. 1-11. (in English)
  3. Langer, Max C.; Ferigolo, Jorge (2013). "The Late Triassic dinosauromorph Sacisaurus agudoensis (Caturrita Formation; Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil): anatomy and affinities". Geological Society, London, Special Publications. 379 (1): 353–392. Bibcode:2013GSLSP.379..353L. doi:10.1144/SP379.16. ISSN 0305-8719. S2CID 131414332.
  4. Marsola, Júlio; Bittencourt, Jonathas; Da Rosa, Átila; Martinelli, Agustin; Ribeiro, Ana Maria; Ferigolo, Jorge; Langer, Max (2018). "New sauropodomorph and cynodont remains from the Late Triassic Sacisaurus site in southern Brazil and its stratigraphic position in the Norian Caturrita Formation". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 63. doi:10.4202/app.00492.2018. hdl:11336/93945.
  5. Christian F. Kammerer, Sterling J. Nesbitt, and Neil H. Shubin (2011) The first basal dinosauriform (Silesauridae) from the Late Triassic of Morocco. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica (in press) doi:10.4202/app.2011.0015
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