Sacred Heart of Jesus Cathedral, Shenyang

The Sacred Heart Cathedral of Shenyang (Chinese: 沈阳圣心教堂) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China. It is commonly called Nanguan Catholic Church (Chinese: 南关天主教堂) and Xiaonan Catholic Church (Chinese: 小南天主教堂), but officially it is the Sacred Heart of Jesus Cathedral in Shenyang (Chinese: 沈阳耶稣圣心主教座堂) since the bishop of Shenyang Diocese resides here. In 2006 the Vatican agreed to Paul Pei (Pei Jun Min) being installed as the Bishop of Shenyang.[1]

Sacred Heart Cathedral of Shenyang
小南天主教堂，南关天主教堂 (Chinese)
Sacred Heart Cathedral of Shenyang
41.7881°N 123.4464°E / 41.7881; 123.4464
LocationNanlejiao Road 40, Shenhe District, Shenyang
DenominationRoman Catholic
History
StatusCathedral, minor basilica
Architecture
Functional statusActive
Architect(s)Henry Lamasse
StyleGothic
Completed1912 (1912)
Specifications
Length66 metres (217 ft)
Width17 metres (56 ft)
Height40 metres (130 ft)
Other dimensionsFacade facing South

History

Construction and use

In June 1858, when the Second Opium War ended, China signed the "Tianjin Treaty" with Britain and France respectively, which stipulated "the establishment of Niu Zhuang as a trading port, Christians and Catholics can preach freely; rent any land to build houses, set up churches, hospitals, warehouses, etc.”(in Chinese: “增开牛庄为通商口岸，耶稣教、天主教士可以自由传教；在各通商口岸任意租地建房，设立教堂、医院、仓库等”).[2]

In 1838, the Apostolic Vicariate of Liaotung 遼東 / Manchuria and Mongolia 滿蒙獨立 (The Good News was brought to the Shenyang area by Jean Chenin (in Chinese: 神南诺望), a French missionary, who came in 1861 by way of Yingkou and rented a private house for the mission.[3]

Architect

As a missionary, before the Boxer Rebellion, he founded the mission of Tieling (in Chinese: 铁岭). Between Fengtian and Tieling, he also established the Anxintai (in Chinese: 安新台) Catholic Foundation. In 1900, the Boxers forced him to flee from Tieling.[4]

Due to the outbreak of the Boxer Rebellion in 1900, many churches were damaged. Three months after the Boxer days, Father Lamasse was back in Shenyang. He used the Boxer indemnity to rebuild the cathedral, being at once an architect, foreman, mason, and also a bricklayer. In addition to the Sacred Heart Cathedral of Shenyang, he also designed Tieling Catholic Church, Heishan Catholic Churchin Liaoning, and Jilin Catholic Church in Jilin.[4]

See also
Dalian Catholic Church, Sacred Heart Cathedral of Shenyang, St. Theresa's Cathedral of Changchun, Sacred Heart Cathedral of Harbin, etc.
Yuguang Street Church, Dongguan Church, Changchun Christian Church, Harbin Nangang Christian Church, etc

References
  1. "Bishop approved by pope to be ordained tomorrow in Shenyang".
  2. "America: Treaty of Tientsin [Tianjin], 1858". Article XXIX.
  3. 中华续行委办会调查特委会 (2007). 1901–1920年中国基督教调查资料（The Christian Occupation of China）. ISBN 9787500400073.
  4. "Rev. LAMASSE, Henry MEP". 香港天主教教区档案. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
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