Saint Andrews Parish, New Brunswick

Saint Andrews Parish is a civil parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada,[4] located east of St. Stephen.

This article is about the civil parish and census subdivision. For the town, see Saint Andrews, New Brunswick.

Saint Andrews
St. Andrews
Parish
Location within Charlotte County.
Location within Charlotte County.
Country Canada
Province New Brunswick
CountyCharlotte County
Erected1786
Area
[1]
 • Land24.27 km2 (9.37 sq mi)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total550
 • Density22.7/km2 (59/sq mi)
 • Change 2016-2021
Decrease 0.5%
 • Dwellings
296
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-3 (ADT)
Figures do not include portion within the town of Saint Andrews

For governance purposes, the entire parish is part of the town of Saint Andrews,[5] which is a member of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission.[6]

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, it comprised the town of Saint Andrews, which included Navy Island, and the Chamcook Local Service District,[7] which included Ministers Island. The LSD assessed for fire, police, zoning, emergency measures and animal control services.[8] The taxing authority was 513.00 Chamcook. Both the town and the LSD are members of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission (SNBSC).[9]

For census purposes, Statistics Canada divides the area into Saint Andrews, Parish, and Saint Andrews, Town.[1]

Origin of name

Historian William F. Ganong notes the use of St. Andrews Point in the Owen Journal of 1770 but considered the name to date back to French times.[10]

Five of the original six mainland parishes of Charlotte County used names of major saints recognised by the Church of England: Andrew (Scotland), David (Wales), George (England), Patrick (Ireland), and Stephen.

History

Saint Andrews Parish was erected in 1786 as one of the county's original parishes,[11] including most of Saint Croix Parish and parts of Saint David and Saint Patrick Parishes.

The local service district of the parish of Saint Andrews comprised all of the parish outside Saint Andrews. It was established in 1970 to assess for fire protection.[12] First aid and ambulance services were added in 1975.[13] It was replaced by Chamcook in 1997.[14]

Boundaries

Saint Andrews Parish is bounded:[2][15][16]

  • on the north and northeast by a line beginning on the eastern side of Little Chamcook Lake, then running easterly along the northern line of a grant to Amos White to a point about 100 metres east of Mitchell Brook, then east-southeasterly about 500 metres to meet the eastern line of the White grant, then southeasterly along the White grant and the Glebe lot to Birch Cove;
  • on the east by Birch Cove, Big Bay, and Passamaquoddy Bay;
  • on the south by Passamaquoddy Bay;
  • on the west by the St. Croix River and a line running northeasterly along the northern line of the main grant of St. Andrews to near Edwards Corner, then northwesterly about 2.5 kilometres along the rear line of grants on the St. Croix River, then northeasterly to the shore of Chamcook Lake, then counterclockwise along the shore of Chamcook Lake to the mouth of the creek, then northerly along the creek and Little Chamcook Lake to the starting point;
  • including Ministers Island and Navy Island.

Evolution of boundaries

Saint Andrews' original eastern boundary ran straight from the original southeastern corner of the Cape Association grant that makes up the northern part of Saint David Parish to join its modern northeastern boundary near the head of Mitchell Brook, cutting through the southwestern corner of Saint Patrick Parish and leaving the northeastern part of Saint Croix Parish as part of Saint Patrick. Five grants north of the junction of Board Road and Route 760 that are now part of Saint David Parish were also part of Saint Andrews.

In 1874 the northern part of Saint Andrews was erected as Saint Croix, taking all parts of the parish now in Saint Croix, Saint David, and Saint Patrick as well as a bit of territory north of Wileys Corner and land between the railway and the Chamcook Lakes.[17]

In 1958 the modern boundary with Saint Croix was established, transferring everything between the railway and the Chamcook Lakes to Saint Andrews, as well as territory north of Wileys Corner.[18]

Communities

Communities at least partly within the parish.[15][16][19] bold indicates an incorporated municipality; italics indicates a name no longer in official use

Bodies of water

Bodies of water[lower-alpha 1] at least partly within the parish.[15][16][19]

  • St. Croix River
  • Pottery Creek
  • Passamaquoddy Bay
  • St. Andrews Harbour
  • Big Bay (on boundary)
  • Chamcook Harbour
  • Chamcook Channel
  • Western Channel
  • Chamcook Lake (boundary)
  • Kerrs Lake
  • Little Chamcook Lake (boundary)

Islands

Islands at least partly within the parish.[15][16][19] italics indicates a name no longer in official use

  • Ministers Island
  • Navy Island (St. Andrews Island)

Other notable places

Parks, historic sites, and other noteworthy places at least partly within the parish.[15][16][19][20][21]

  • Charlotte County Court House
  • Charlotte County Gaol
  • Charlotte County Registry Office
  • Dunn McQuoid House
  • Gladstone Smith House
  • Hansen House
  • Ministers Island Provincial Park
  • Minister's Island Wildlife Management Area[22]
  • Pagan Point
  • St. Andrews Blockhouse National Historic Site
  • Sheriff Andrews House Provincial Park

Demographics

Population total does not include the town of Saint Andrews

Population
Canada census – Saint Andrews community profile
202120162011
Population550 (-0.5% from 2016)553 (-6.7% from 2011)593 (+0.2% from 2006)
Land area24.27 km2 (9.37 sq mi)24.27 km2 (9.37 sq mi)24.38 km2 (9.41 sq mi)
Population density22.7/km2 (59/sq mi)22.8/km2 (59/sq mi)24.3/km2 (63/sq mi)
Median age54.8 (M: 55.6, F: 54.8)52.2 (M: 51.8, F: 52.4)47.6 (M: 47.2, F: 47.9)
Private dwellings250 (total)  312 (total)  311 (total) 
Median household income$68,864$.N/A
Notes: 2011 income data for this area has been suppressed for data quality or confidentiality reasons.
References: 2021[23] 2016[24] 2011[25] earlier[26][27]
Historical Census Data - Saint Andrews Parish, New Brunswick
YearPop.±%
1991 457—    
1996 452−1.1%
2001 547+21.0%
YearPop.±%
2001A 552+0.9%
2006 592+7.2%
2011 593+0.2%
YearPop.±%
2016 553−6.7%
(A) adjustment due to boundary change.
[28][29]

Language
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Saint Andrews Parish, New Brunswick[28]
Census Total
English
French
English & French
Other
Year Responses Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop %
2011
590
 555 Increase 1.8% 94.07% 25 Increase 20.0% 4.24% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 10 Decrease 50.0% 1.69%
2006
0
 545 Increase 3.7% 0.00% 20 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 20 Increase n/a% 0.00%
2001
545
 525 Increase 12.4% 96.33% 20 Increase n/a% 3.67% 0 Steady 0.0% 0.00% 0 Decrease 100.0% 0.00%
1996
460
 450 n/a 97.83% 0 n/a 0.00% 0 n/a 0.00% 10 n/a 2.17%

Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the parish, including external routes that start or finish at the parish limits:[30]

See also

Notes
  1. Not including brooks, ponds or coves.

References
  1. "Census Profile". Statistics Canada. 26 October 2022. Retrieved 30 October 2022.
  2. "Chapter T-3 Territorial Division Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  3. "Chapter I-13 Interpretation Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  4. The Territorial Division Act[2] divides the province into 152 parishes, the cities of Saint John and Fredericton, and one town of Grand Falls. The Interpretation Act[3] clarifies that parishes include any local government within their borders.
  5. "Southwest Regional Service Commission: RSC 10". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  6. "Regions Regulation – Regional Service Delivery Act". Government of New Brunswick. 21 July 2022. Retrieved 5 June 2023.
  7. "New Brunswick Regulation 84-168 under the Municipalities Act (O.C. 84-582)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  8. "2020 Local Government Statistics for New Brunswick" (PDF). Department of Environment and Local Government. p. 55. Retrieved 6 February 2021.
  9. "Communities in each of the 12 Regional Service Commissions (RSC) / Les communautés dans chacune des 12 Commissions de services régionaux (CSR)" (PDF), Government of New Brunswick, July 2017, retrieved 1 February 2021
  10. Ganong, William F. (1896). A Monograph of the Place-Nomenclature of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. pp. 266–267. Retrieved 17 March 2021.
  11. "26 Geo. III Chapter I. An Act for the better ascertaining and confirming the Boundaries of the several Counties within this Province, and for subdividing them into Towns or Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, passed in the year 1786. Saint John, New Brunswick: Government of New Brunswick. 1786. pp. 3–12. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
  12. "Regulation 70–63 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 70–385)". The Royal Gazette. Fredericton. 128: 343–344. 17 June 1970.
  13. "Regulation 75–4 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 75–33)". The Royal Gazette. Fredericton. 133: 80. 29 January 1975.
  14. New Brunswick Regulation 97-94.
  15. "No. 161". Provincial Archives of New Brunswick. Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development. Retrieved 3 July 2021. Remainder of parish on map 166 at same site.
  16. "489" (PDF). Transportation and Infrastructure. Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 3 July 2021. Remainder of parish on mapbook 496 at same site.
  17. "37 Vic. c. 37 An Act to establish a new Parish in the County of Charlotte.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Months of March & April 1874. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1874. pp. 109–111. Available as a free ebook from Google Books.
  18. "7 Elizabeth II, 1958, c. 56 An Act to Amend the Territorial Division Act". Acts of the Legislature of New Brunswick Passed During the Session of 1958. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1958. pp. 117–119.
  19. "Search the Canadian Geographical Names Database (CGNDB)". Government of Canada. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
  20. "New Brunswick Regulation 2017-46 under the Parks Act (O.C. 2017-293)" (PDF). The Royal Gazette. Fredericton: Queen's Printer. 175: 1496–1497. 13 December 2017. ISSN 1714-9428. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
  21. "Explore New Brunswick's Protected Natural Areas". GeoNB. Retrieved 4 July 2021.
  22. "New Brunswick Regulation 94-43 under the Fish and Wildlife Act (O.C. 94-231)". Government of New Brunswick. 5 June 2006. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  23. "2021 Community Profiles". 2021 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 4 February 2022. Retrieved 27 April 2022.
  24. "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 12 August 2021. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  25. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 21 March 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2014.
  26. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 20 August 2019.
  27. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 18 July 2021.
  28. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
  29. "Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint Andrews, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 30 August 2019.
  30. Atlantic Canada Back Road Atlas ISBN 978-1-55368-618-7 Pages 4, 12



45.132043°N 67.069302°W / 45.132043; -67.069302 (Saint Andrews Parish, New Brunswick)

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