Sanaleipak

Sanaleipak (Meitei: /sa-nā-lei-pāk/), also spelled as Sanaleibak (Meitei: /sa-nā-lei-bāk/), is a Meitei language name of Manipur.[1] Its literal meaning is rendered as "the golden land",[2] "the golden country",[3] "the land of jewels",[4] "the land of gold", etc. in Meitei.[5][6][7]

This article is about a Meitei language term. For the Meitei language daily newspaper, see Sanaleipak (newspaper).
Not to be confused with Sanamahi, Sana Konung, or Sanathong.
Sanaleipak
RomanisationSanaleipak
Pronunciation/sa-nā-lei-pāk/
Language(s)Meitei language (Manipuri language)
Other gender
Masculineno
Feminineyes
Origin
Language(s)Meitei language (Manipuri language)
Meaninggolden land, golden country, land of gold
Region of originManipur
Other names
Alternative spellingSanaaleipaak
Variant form(s)Sanaleibak, Sanaaleibaak, Sana Leipak, Sanaa Leipaak, Sana Leibak, Sanaa Leibaak
Popularitysee popular names

It is synonymous with Lai Leibak (Meitei for 'land of god'),[8] Meeteileibak (Meitei for 'land of Meeteis'), Kangleipak (Meitei for 'land of Kangla'),[9][10] Poireipak, Meitrabak,[11] Tillikoktong, KonnaChak, etc.[12]

Overview of meanings

The term "Sanaleipak" has strong relationship with the notion of development and welfare of people of the realm, having blessings to lead to the golden way of life. It has reference to the overall growth, fulfilment of desires and enactment of proper justice.[13]

Like the gold is precious and symbolises prosperity, strength, brightness, weightage, pride and satisfaction, according to the knowledge of enlightened Meitei people, sanaleipak is a land of asee ana leitaba (Meitei for 'no death and disease'), shaathong lanthong thingba (Meitei for 'the doors were closed to beasts and battles'), ahong achao thokpa (Meitei for 'existence of happiness, prosperity and abundance of food') and nupee nupa pukning loushing thokpa (Meitei for 'the minds of women and men freed from care and tension').[14]

According the concept of sanaleipak, the state is dwelled by people who are social and collective, rather than individualistic, either in case of their personalities or their interests.[15]

The name "Sanaleipak", which means "the land of gold" or "land of gold", is given to Manipur, not because it has a lot of the gold mines, but because it is a place well known for its happiness, richness, and widespread availability of foods, including but not limited to fishes and vegetables.[16][17]

Other than the rendering of the meaning of Sanaleipak into those of welfare and physical well being, it has other meanings too. It may also have strong references to the sound strength of any body actively having connection with the mankind and cosmic forces, starting from the coronation rites and rituals of a king upto the fertility of a man.[18][19]

Mentions in ancient texts
Further information: Ancient Meitei literature

The term "Sanaleibak" was mentioned in an 11th-12th century ancient Meitei language written constitution named Loiyumba Shinyen as "Poyrei Kanglei Meitei Sanaleibak", a prosaic name of the ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur), regarding administration of justice.[20]

In state official song
Main article: Sana Leibak Manipur

In literature
Further information: Ancient Meitei literature, Meitei mythology, and Meitei folklore

"Sanaleibak" finds its mention in the popular sayings and songs of Meitei literature.[21] It was also mentioned in the works of numerous versifiers and minstrels, while paying tributes to and chanting glories of the land of Manipur.[22]

One such instance is the following:

"Chingna Koina Pansaaba
Chingmina Koina Pan ngaakpa
Sanaleibak Manipur"[23]

Its English translation is:

"Fortified by the hills
Defended by the hill inhabitants
A golden land of Manipur"[24]

The above passage describes the geography of Manipur in an accurate manner. In Manipur, the central Imphal Valley, the dwelling place of the Meiteis, is surrounded from all sides, by multiple ranges of hills and mountains, occupied by multiple hill tribes of Northeast India.[25]

In politics
Further information: Politics in Manipur

In 2021, MLA Sapam Nishikant of Keishamthong Assembly constituency, asserted that Manipur will become a Sanaleipak only when politicians began working having a proper vision, without any corruption.[26]

In February 2022, during an election campaign for 2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election, politician Nongthombam Biren Singh, asserted[27][28]

"If the people of the State give absolute majority to BJP in the upcoming 12th Manipur Legislative Assembly election, the saffron party will strive to realise the vision of a 'Sanaleibak Manipur' (Land of Gold)."

— Nongthombam Biren Singh[29][30]

Manipur People's Party (MPP) has strong political association with the daily newspaper named "Sanaleibak".[31]

Sana Leibak Manipur, the state official song of Manipur, was showcased by the Rhythms of Manipur, in the 9th North East Festival organized in Guwahati from to 10th January of 2022.[32]

See also

References
  1. Sanajaoba, Naorem (1988). Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization. Mittal Publications. p. 105. ISBN 978-81-7099-853-2.
  2. —Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (2022-07-29). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1.
    —Sanajaoba, Naorem (1988). Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization. Mittal Publications. p. 110. ISBN 978-81-7099-853-2.
    —Noni, Arambam; Sanatomba, Kangujam (2015-10-16). Colonialism and Resistance: Society and State in Manipur. Routledge. p. 234. ISBN 978-1-317-27066-9.
    —Sanajaoba, Naorem (1988). Manipur, Past and Present: The Heritage and Ordeals of a Civilization. Mittal Publications. p. 99. ISBN 978-81-7099-853-2.
  3. Muthukumaraswamy, M. D.; Kaushal, Molly (2004). Folklore, Public Sphere, and Civil Society. NFSC www.indianfolklore.org. p. 73. ISBN 978-81-901481-4-6.
  4. "Sanaleibak Manipur - Give Peace a Chance". Imphal Free Press. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  5. Ramachandran, Nalini (2021-09-03). Gods, Giants and the Geography of India. Hachette India. ISBN 978-93-91028-27-5.
  6. Sharma, Chandan Kumar; Banerjee, Reshmi (2020-05-25). Fixed Borders, Fluid Boundaries: Identity, Resources and Mobility in Northeast India. Taylor & Francis. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-000-08055-1.
  7. Time, Pratidin (2022-11-24). "TASTE OF MANIPUR: Ethnic Delicacies In Guwahati". Pratidin Time. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  8. Singh, T. S. P. (2018-05-31). Apology. Partridge Publishing. p. 7. ISBN 978-1-5437-0188-3.
  9. Noni, Arambam; Sanatomba, Kangujam (2015-10-16). Colonialism and Resistance: Society and State in Manipur. Routledge. p. 234. ISBN 978-1-317-27066-9.
  10. Doon, Vikas. North East. p. 16.
  11. Shimray, U. A. (2007). Naga Population and Integration Movement: Documentation. Mittal Publications. p. 56. ISBN 978-81-8324-181-6.
  12. Rajkumar, Falguni (2023-03-24). Breaking Barriers in Post-independence India: A Journey out of the Northeast. Taylor & Francis. p. 21. ISBN 978-1-000-85962-1.
  13. Muthukumaraswamy, M. D.; Kaushal, Molly (2004). Folklore, Public Sphere, and Civil Society. NFSC www.indianfolklore.org. p. 73. ISBN 978-81-901481-4-6.
  14. Muthukumaraswamy, M. D.; Kaushal, Molly (2004). Folklore, Public Sphere, and Civil Society. NFSC www.indianfolklore.org. p. 73. ISBN 978-81-901481-4-6.
  15. Muthukumaraswamy, M. D.; Kaushal, Molly (2004). Folklore, Public Sphere, and Civil Society. NFSC www.indianfolklore.org. p. 73. ISBN 978-81-901481-4-6.
  16. Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (2022-07-29). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1.
  17. "Sana Leibak Manipur By Free Thinker". Retrieved 2023-10-09.
  18. Muthukumaraswamy, M. D.; Kaushal, Molly (2004). Folklore, Public Sphere, and Civil Society. NFSC www.indianfolklore.org. p. 75. ISBN 978-81-901481-4-6.
  19. Time, Pratidin (2022-11-24). "TASTE OF MANIPUR: Ethnic Delicacies In Guwahati". Pratidin Time. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  20. Sanajaoba, Naorem (1993). Manipur: Treatise & Documents. Mittal Publications. p. 10. ISBN 978-81-7099-399-5.
  21. Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (2022-07-29). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1.
  22. Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (2022-07-29). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1.
  23. Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (2022-07-29). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1.
  24. Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (2022-07-29). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1.
  25. Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (2022-07-29). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1.
  26. "Two ex-IMC Councillors join Team Nishikant Nishikant Sapam advocates honesty, corruption-free politics". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  27. "Will give Sanaleibak in return, claims CM". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  28. "Will give Sanaleibak in return, claims CM : 14th feb22". Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  29. "Will give Sanaleibak in return, claims CM". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  30. "Will give Sanaleibak in return, claims CM : 14th feb22". Retrieved 2023-09-30.
  31. Singh, A. Prafullokumar (2009). Elections and political dynamics. Mittal Publications. p. 175. ISBN 978-81-8324-279-0.
  32. "Rhythms of Manipur showcase 'Sana Leibak Manipur' at NE Fest". www.thesangaiexpress.com. Retrieved 2023-09-30.

Further reading
Look up sanaleipak in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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