Ochodaeidae

Ochodaeidae
	Codocera ferruginea
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Coleoptera
Suborder:	Polyphaga
Infraorder:	Scarabaeiformia
Superfamily:	Scarabaeoidea
Family:	Ochodaeidae; Mulsant & Rey, 1871[1]
Genera
	Chaetocanthus Péringuey, 1901; Codocera Eschscholtz, 1818; Cucochodaeus Paulsen, 2007; Enodognathus Benderitter, 1921; Gauchodaeus Paulsen, 2012; Mioochodaeus Nikolajev, 1995; Namibiotalpa Scholtz & Evans, 1987; Neochodaeus Nikolayev, 1995; Notochodaeus Nikolajev, 2005; Ochodaeus Dejean, 1821; Odontochodaeus Paulian, 1976; Parochodaeus Nikolayev, 1995; Pseudochodaeus Carlson & Richter, 1974; Synochodaeus Kolbe, 1907; Xenochodaeus Paulsen, 2007

Ochodaeidae, also known as the sand-loving scarab beetles,[2] is a small family of scarabaeiform beetles occurring in many parts of the world.[3]

These beetles are small, ranging from 3–10 millimetres (0.12–0.39 in). Their bodies are elongate and convex, with black and brown colors including yellowish- and reddish-brown shades.[3]

As of 2012, the biology and habits of Ochodaeidae beetles is still mostly unknown. Most types have been collected in sandy areas at night, while some of their species are active during the day.[3]

Taxonomy

Ochodaeidae beetles belong to the infraorder Scarabaeiformia, which contains only one superfamily, the Scarabaeoidea.[4] The most striking feature of the Scarabaeoidea are the ends of their antennae, that are divided into several lamellae, thus resembling a fan. Another distinguishing feature are their legs, that possess teeth and are adapted for digging.[5]

Ochodaeidae is divided into two subfamilies containing five tribes and 15 genera:[6][7]

Subfamily Ochodaeinae Mulsant & Rey, 1871

Tribe Enodognathini Scholtz, 1988

Enodognathus Benderitter, 1921

Odontochodaeus Paulian, 1976

Tribe Ochodaeini Mulsant & Rey, 1871

Codocera Eschscholtz, 1818

Cucochodaeus Paulsen, 2007

Neochodaeus Nikolayev, 1995

Notochodaeus Nikolajev, 2005

Ochodaeus Dejean, 1821

Parochodaeus Nikolayev, 1995

Xenochodaeus Paulsen, 2007

Subfamily Chaetocanthinae Scholtz in Scholtz, D'Hotman, Evans & Nel, 1988

Tribe Chaetocanthini Scholtz in Scholtz, D'Hotman, Evans & Nel, 1988

Chaetocanthus Péringuey, 1901

Mioochodaeus Nikolajev, 1995

Namibiotalpa Scholtz & Evans, 1987

Tribe Pseudochodaeini Scholtz, 1988

Pseudochodaeus Carlson & Richter, 1974

Tribe Synochodaeini Scholtz, 1988

Synochodaeus Kolbe, 1907

Gauchodaeus Paulsen, 2012[7]

References

Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; Lawrence, John F.; Lyal, Chris H. C.; Newton, Alfred F.; Reid, Chris A. M.; Schmitt, Michael; Ślipiński, S. Adam; Smith, Andrew B. T. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88): 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.
Zicha, Ondřej (2014). Ondřej Zicha; Jaroslav Hrb; Michal Maňas; et al. (eds.). "Family sand-loving scarab beetles Ochodaeidae Mulsant & Rey, 1871. Taxon profile". BioLib. Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
Carlson, D.C.; Paulsen, M.J. (2012). University of Nebraska State Museum - Division of Entomology (ed.). "Ochodaeidae Mulsant & Rey, 1871 - Ochodaeid scarab beetles". Generic guide to New World Scarab Beetles. Archived from the original on 26 September 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
Zicha, Ondřej (2006). Ondřej Zicha; Jaroslav Hrb; Michal Maňas; et al. (eds.). "Superfamily Scarabaeoidea. Taxon profile". BioLib. Archived from the original on 14 March 2007. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
Browne, D. Jonathan; Scholtz, Clarke H. (1995). "Scarabaeiformia. Scarabaeoidea. Scarabs, stag beetles, dung beetles, rain beetles, etc". Tree of Life Project. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
Ondřej Zicha; Jaroslav Hrb; Michal Maňas; et al. (eds.). "BioLib". Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
Paulsen, M.J.; Ocampo, F.C. (2012). "The Ochodaeidae of Argentina (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea)". ZooKeys. Sofia: Pensoft (174): 7–30. doi:10.3897/zookeys.174.2668. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3307351. PMID 22451781. Retrieved 27 August 2015.

Literature about Ochodaeidae

Smith, A.B.T. 2006: A review of the family-group names for the superfamily Scarabaeoidea (Coleoptera) with corrections to nomenclature and a current classification. Coleopterists Society monograph, 5: 144–204.; doi:10.1649/0010-065X(2006)60[144:AROTFN2.0.CO;2] / PDF on the web site of the Zoological Institute of St. Petersburg: PDF
Bezděk, A.; Hájek, J. 2009: Catalogue of type specimens of beetles (Coleoptera) deposited in the National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic. Scarabaeoidea: Bolboceratidae, Geotrupidae, Glaphyridae, Hybosoridae, Ochodaeidae and Trogidae. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 49: 297–332. PDF
Nikolajev, G.V. 2009: Ochodaeidae species of the Palaearctic's Asia. Euroasian entomological journal, 8(2): 205–211. [not seen]
Nikolajev, G.V.; Ren, D. 2010: The oldest fossil Ochodaeidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) from the Middle Jurassic of China. Zootaxa, 2553: 65–68. Preview
Scholtz, C.H. 1988: Phylogeny and systematics of the Ochodaeidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 51: 207–240. ISSN 0013-8789
I. Lobl, & A. Smetana 2006: Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 3, Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark, ISBN 87-88757-59-5, p. 95

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[1] Bouchard, Patrice; Bousquet, Yves; Davies, Anthony E.; Alonso-Zarazaga, Miguel A.; Lawrence, John F.; Lyal, Chris H. C.; Newton, Alfred F.; Reid, Chris A. M.; Schmitt, Michael; Ślipiński, S. Adam; Smith, Andrew B. T. (2011). "Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)". ZooKeys (88): 1–972. doi:10.3897/zookeys.88.807. PMC 3088472. PMID 21594053.

[Zicha_2014a-2] Zicha, Ondřej (2014). Ondřej Zicha; Jaroslav Hrb; Michal Maňas; et al. (eds.). "Family sand-loving scarab beetles Ochodaeidae Mulsant & Rey, 1871. Taxon profile". BioLib. Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2015.

[Carlson_/_Paulsen_2012-3] Carlson, D.C.; Paulsen, M.J. (2012). University of Nebraska State Museum - Division of Entomology (ed.). "Ochodaeidae Mulsant & Rey, 1871 - Ochodaeid scarab beetles". Generic guide to New World Scarab Beetles. Archived from the original on 26 September 2013. Retrieved 26 August 2015.

[Zicha_2014b-4] Zicha, Ondřej (2006). Ondřej Zicha; Jaroslav Hrb; Michal Maňas; et al. (eds.). "Superfamily Scarabaeoidea. Taxon profile". BioLib. Archived from the original on 14 March 2007. Retrieved 27 August 2015.

[5] Browne, D. Jonathan; Scholtz, Clarke H. (1995). "Scarabaeiformia. Scarabaeoidea. Scarabs, stag beetles, dung beetles, rain beetles, etc". Tree of Life Project. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 27 August 2015.

[Zicha_et_al.-6] Ondřej Zicha; Jaroslav Hrb; Michal Maňas; et al. (eds.). "BioLib". Archived from the original on 26 August 2015. Retrieved 27 August 2015.

[Paulsen_/_Ocampo_2012-7] Paulsen, M.J.; Ocampo, F.C. (2012). "The Ochodaeidae of Argentina (Coleoptera, Scarabaeoidea)". ZooKeys. Sofia: Pensoft (174): 7–30. doi:10.3897/zookeys.174.2668. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3307351. PMID 22451781. Retrieved 27 August 2015.