Saturnino Canaveri

Saturnino Canaveri (1855 – 1939) was an Argentine military man and politician, who served as officer of the 2nd Cavalry Regiment. He took part in the main military actions that occurred during the Conquest of the Desert, including the actions prior to the Battle of Aluminé, against the Chilean Army.[1]

Teniente Coronel
Saturnino Canaveri
Personal details
Born
Saturnino Mariano Canaveri y Segrestán

June 5, 1855
Buenos Aires
Died1939
Buenos Aires
Resting placeLa Chacarita Cemetery
Political partyNational Autonomist Party
SpouseCarmen Canavery Martínez
ChildrenAurora Canaveri
Ana María Canaveri
María Esther Canaveri
RelativesManuel Canaveri
(great grandfather)
Héctor Canaveri
(brother)
Horacio Sautú Canaveri
(cousin)
Baldomero Lamela Luengo
(relative-in-law)
Signature
Military service
Allegiance Argentine Republic
Branch/service Argentine Army
Years of service1867–1900
RankLieutenant colonel
UnitRegimiento 2° de Caballería de Línea
Battles/warsBattle of the Sierra Currumalán
Campaign from the Andes to the South of Patagonia
Battle of the Plaza Libertad

He took active part in several clashes between the Argentine army and the Pampas tribes, highlighting his actions in the Combat of the Sierra de Currumalán (Coronel Suárez).[2] His services also include his participation in the confrontations between the National Government troops and the Revolutionaries of the Civic Union, event occurred during the Revolution of the Park.[3]

Career
The 2nd division of the army crossing La Pampa c.1879

He was born in Buenos Aires, the son of Francisco Canaveri and Ofelia Segrestán, belonging to a distinguished family of Irish and French descent. He completed his elementary studies in the city, and began his military career after the death of his father. He was enlisted in the 2° Regimiento de Caballería de Línea towards the year of 1875, serving as alférez in Guaminí, province of Buenos Aires.[4]

He served in the campaigns organized by the then President Nicolás Avellaneda, tending to prevent indigenous incursions into the Province of Buenos Aires.[5] He also took part in the main actions produced during the General Julio Argentino Roca Campaign in southern Argentina.

He was commissioned to pursue the main chieftains, including Ancapi Ñancucheo, a brave Pehuenche chief,[6] who had his huts on the Chimehuin River.[7] He also participated in the persecution of Antener (brave chief of Boroano origin), and led an expedition of forty soldiers, in the Chimehuin River. The expedition counted on two baqueanos who officiated as guides.[8]

After completing his military services as an expeditionary to the Desert, he arrived in the Port of Buenos Aires on May 9, 1883 aboard the Villarino Steam from Patagonia.[9] He had served in the detachment the General Roca about five years, and began to provide services in Buenos Aires since June 1883.[10]

His military missions also include the actions prior to Battle of Aluminé, occurred on February 18, 1883, during tasks of exploration and topographical recognition, commanding by General Conrado Villegas in the Río Negro and Neuquén.[11]

Saturnino Canaveri was also involved in civil conflicts of the Argentina. During the Revolution of the Park remained loyal to the government, participating actively in the operations commanded by the General Nicolás Levalle against the revolutionaries.[12]

In 1892 Canaveri was promoted to lieutenant colonel, becoming part of the reserve forces of the Argentine army in 1896.[13] He also performed administrative tasks in the Estado Mayor General del Ejército,[14] and served for some years in the Córdoba Brigade, under the command of General Ignacio Fotheringham.[15]

In his long military career, Canaveri was awarded several medals for his participation in the military campaigns of Río Negro, Chaco Province, Junín de los Andes, Buenos Aires Province and San Luis.[16]

Saturnino Canaveri was retired on January 5, 1900, after thirty-three years of active service.[17] Some time after his retirement he served as a inspector of shooting in the Escuela Normal de Tiro of Buenos Aires.[18] He died in 1939 at the age of 84.[19]

Family
record concerning his grandfather Lt. Sinforoso Canaveri

Saturnino Canaveri was married in the Parroquia de la Inmaculada Concepción to her cousin Carmen Canavery, daughter of Adolfo Canavery and Carmen Martínez, belonging to an old family of Carmen de Areco. He belonged to distinguished families whose ancestors and relatives had served in the Army during the colonial and post colonial period of Argentina. His father Francisco Canaveris is cited with Alejandro Danel in Ensayo histórico de la defensa de Buenos Aires: contra la rebelion del ex-coronel D. Hilario Lagos, a historical book about the Argentine civil wars.[20]

His grandfather Sinforoso Canaveri, served as 1st Lieutenant of Artillery in the Batallón de Voluntarios Rebajados de Buenos Aires,[21] a military unit of Juan Manuel de Rosas, formed with former members of the Brazilian War and Desert Campaigns of 1830.[22] His cousin Ángel Canaveri, served in the 1st Infantry Regiment under the command of General Julio Argentino Roca.[23]

Saturnino Canaveri was a descendant of Domingo Brignole Pelliza, born by 1700 in Genoa, who served as Mayordomo in the Cabildo de Buenos Aires.[24] His maternal paternal great-grandfather had been the sergeant major Francisco Pelliza, an honorable member of the Argentine army, who participated in the wars for independence.[25]

Through the Pelliza family his genealogy is linked to the Pueyrredón-Dogan and Wilde's family.[26] His family was also related to the familie of Juan Gregorio Lemos,[27] a patriot who served under General José de San Martin.[28]

References
  1. Crónica histórica del No. 2 de Infantería de Línea. Juan J. Biedma Straw. 1904.
  2. Revista, Volumen 38,Números 462-467. Círculo Militar (Buenos Aires, Argentina). 1939.
  3. La Revolución del 90. José M. Mendía, Luis O. Naón. 1927.
  4. La nueva línea de fronteras. Buenos Aires Imp. del Porvenir.
  5. Efemérides argentinas, 1492–1966, Volume 1, Fermín Vicente Arenas Luque (1967), 1967
  6. Acción y presencia del Ejército en el sur del país, Enrique César Recchi, 1995
  7. Funcionarios, Diplomáticos, Guerreros: Miradas Hacia el Otro en Las Fronteras de Pampa y Patagonia, Siglos XVIII y XIX, Lidia Rosa Nacuzzi, 2002, ISBN 9789879712191
  8. Memoria del Ministerio de Guerra y Marina presentada al Honorable Congreso por el Ministro de Guerra y Marina. Ministerio de Guerra y Marina. 1883.
  9. The Villarino's Mails. The Standard (May 10, 1883).
  10. Seminario del ejército, armada y guardia nacional de la Republica Argentina. La Penitenciaria, 1883. 1883.
  11. Efemérides americanas desde el descubrimiento de la América hasta nuestros dias, Pedro Rivas, 1884
  12. La revolución: (su crónica detallada)a̋ntecedentes y consecuencias, Volumen 2, Mendía y Martínez, 1890, 1890
  13. Registro nacional de la República Argentina. República Argentina). 1896.
  14. Gran guía de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hugo Kunz & cia. 1886.
  15. Mensaje. Corrientes (Argentina : Province). Governor. 1896.
  16. Revista, Volume 38, Issues 462-467, Círculo Militar (Buenos Aires, Argentina) (1939), 1939
  17. Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina. 1900 1ra sección. República Argentina. 1900-02-13.
  18. Registro nacional de la República Argentina. Argentina. 1924.
  19. Revista, Volumen 38,Números 462-467. Círculo Militar (Buenos Aires, Argentina). 1939.
  20. Ensayo histórico de la defensa de Buenos Aires. José Luis Bustamante. 1854.
  21. Indice del Archivo del Departamento general de Policía. Buenos Aires - Departamento de Policía - Archivo.
  22. Revista del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Históricas Juan Manuel de Rosas, Issues 54-57. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Históricas Juan Manuel de Rosas. 1999.
  23. Enrique Mosconi. Planeta. 2001. ISBN 9789504908319.
  24. Documentos para la historia del Virreinato del Río de la Plata, Volume 1. Compañia Sud-Americana de Billetes de Banco. 1912.
  25. Estado militar en 1820 [i.e. mil ochocientos veinte]-1822 [i.e. mil ochocientos veintidós]. Comisión Nacional del Sesquicentenario de la Independencia del Perú. 1971.
  26. Spencer James Wilde Simonet Lefebvre. Genealogía Familiar.
  27. Matrimonios 1869–1881. Iglesia Nuestra Señora de la Asunción.
  28. Documentos para la historia del Libertador general San Martín, Volumen14. Ministerio de Educación de la Nación, Instituto Nacional Sanmartiniano y Museo. 1979.
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