Badi' al-Din

Badi' al-Din
Badi' al-Din
	Main gate of the shrine of Badi' al-Din
Personal
Born	Badi' al-Din; 1315 CE[1]; Aleppo, Syria
Died	1434 CE[1]; Makanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Religion	Islam
Flourished	Islamic golden age
Denomination	Sunni
School	Hanafi
Creed	Maturidi
Order	Madariyya
Muslim leader
Teacher	Muḥammad Ṭayfūr Shāmī

Badīʿ al-Dīn,[1][2] known as Shāh Madār,[1] and by the title Qutb-ul-Madar 1315–1434),[1][3] was a Syrian[1] Sufi who migrated to India where he founded the Madariyya Sufi brotherhood.[1][4] He is held in high esteem as a patron saint.[1]

Biography

Badi' al-Din hailed originally from Syria, and was born in Aleppo in 1315 CE.[1][5] In later centuries, a growing number of legends arose in relation to Badi' al-Din, which resulted in sources continuously backdating his year of birth.[1] These same sources also disagree about Badi' al-Din's descent.[1] Some state that he was a sayyid, that is, a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and trace his descent back to Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq (died 765 CE).[1] Others mention descent from Muhammad's companion (sahabi) Abu Hurayra, who died c. 678 CE.[1] The assertion that Badi' al-Din was a Jew who had converted to Islam is not corroborated by other sources.[1]

His teacher was Muḥammad Ṭayfūr Shāmī.[6] After making a pilgrimage to Medina, he journeyed to India to spread the Islamic faith. He converted many Hindus to Islam in India.[2] Here he founded the Madariyya order.[3] His tomb, built by order of Sultan Ibrahim Sharqi (r. 1402–40),[1] is at Makanpur.[7]

References

Falasch, Ute (2009). "Badīʿ al- Dīn". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.
James Wise (10 November 2016). Notes on the Races, Castes and Trades of Eastern Bengal. Taylor & Francis. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-351-99740-9.
Bhattacharya, Ananda (2008). "Madariya Sufi Silsila Their Distinctive Characteristics and Relations with the Indian Powers". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 69: 384–402. JSTOR 44147203.
Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. The Institute. 2006. p. 241.
Suvorova, A. A. (2004). Muslim saints of South Asia : the eleventh to fifteenth centuries. London: RoutledgeCurzon. p. 171. ISBN 0-203-59271-9. OCLC 57176198.
Murray Thurston Titus (1930). Indian Islam: a religious history of Islam in India. H. Milford, Oxford university press. p. 128.
Bhanwarlal Nathuram Luniya (1955). Evolution of Indian culture (From the earliest times to the present day). L.N. Agarwal. p. 439.

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[EI3-1] Falasch, Ute (2009). "Badīʿ al- Dīn". In Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis; Nawas, John; Rowson, Everett (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam (3rd ed.). Brill Online. ISSN 1873-9830.

[Wise2016-2] James Wise (10 November 2016). Notes on the Races, Castes and Trades of Eastern Bengal. Taylor & Francis. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-351-99740-9.

[bhatt-3] Bhattacharya, Ananda (2008). "Madariya Sufi Silsila Their Distinctive Characteristics and Relations with the Indian Powers". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 69: 384–402. JSTOR 44147203.

[4] Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute. The Institute. 2006. p. 241.

[5] Suvorova, A. A. (2004). Muslim saints of South Asia : the eleventh to fifteenth centuries. London: RoutledgeCurzon. p. 171. ISBN 0-203-59271-9. OCLC 57176198.

[Titus1930-6] Murray Thurston Titus (1930). Indian Islam: a religious history of Islam in India. H. Milford, Oxford university press. p. 128.

[Luniya1955-7] Bhanwarlal Nathuram Luniya (1955). Evolution of Indian culture (From the earliest times to the present day). L.N. Agarwal. p. 439.