School of Fine Arts of Casablanca

The School of Fine Arts of Casablanca (Arabic: المدرسة العليا للفنون الجميلة بالدار البيضاء, French: l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Casablanca) is a fine arts school established in 1919 in Casablanca, Morocco.[1] It was the origin of the nativist modernist Casablanca School art movement led by faculty members Farid Belkahia, Mohamed Melehi, and Mohamed Chabâa in the 1960s.[2]

School of Fine Arts of Casablanca
المدرسة العليا للفنون الجميلة بالدار البيضاء
l'Ecole des Beaux-Arts de Casablanca
Location
20 boulevard Rachidi, Casablanca

Morocco
Coordinates33.5921°N 7.6233°W / 33.5921; -7.6233

History

The institution was founded in 1919 by a French Orientalist painter named Édouard Brindeau de Jarny, who started his career teaching drawing at Lycée Lyautey.[3][1] Resident General Hubert Lyautey tasked Brindeau and Prosper Ricard with cataloguing Moroccan visual heritage to inform the guidelines for vocational schools and the reform of traditional industries.[1] Brindeau convinced Resident General Lyautey and Georges Hardy, director of public education under the French Protectorate, to establish a school of fine arts in Casablanca's medina. In the beginning, students learned applied arts for architecture, interior design, decoration, and architectural landscaping, in addition to drawing, painting, art history, and math.[1] The school also hosted ateliers ouverts (open workshops) for European and Moroccan artists and craftsmen, as well as students and instructors from other institutions.[1] Abdeslam Ben Larbi el Fassi, whom Toni Maraini described as "the first Modern Moroccan artist," was one of the school's first students.[1]

The school was overseen by the municipality chief, four members of the municipal council, and the director of Lycée Lyautey.[1] They chose the rules, appointed the director, and required that all instructors held French nationality.[1] A small number of sons of Moroccan notables were admitted, and they were not allowed to participate in any exhibitions without his consent.[1] The school promoted itself by advertising that graduates could become "art instructors, advertising designers, interior decorators, typesetters, and builders of maquettes."[1] In his book Art in the Service of Colonialism, Hamid Irbouh writes that Moroccan students were trained to become "technicians to assist French architects."[1] It pushed Moroccan students toward becoming master craftsmen, studying ceramics, architectural drafting, and interior decoration, while pushing French students toward fine arts and to apply to Écoles des Beaux-Arts in France.[1]

Casablanca School

Farid Belkahia became the director of the School of Fine Arts of Casablanca in 1962.[4][5] From 1964 to 1972, the Nativist Casablanca School, composed of Belkahia and faculty members Mohammed Melehi and Mohamed Chabâa, worked toward what Belkahia described as a "democratization" of the art curriculum.[1] The curriculum incorporated heavy use of local traditional crafts in their art and worked with their instructors on projects.[1] According to Salah M. Hassan, the Casablanca school "saw itself as the artistic conscience of the time. It criticized the politics of dependency on foreign cultural missions, at that time the patrons of Moroccan modern art."[6]

In 1969, the Casablanca School held an exposition manifeste entitled "Présence Plastique" in the Jemaa el-Fnaa of Marrakesh, displaying their work in public.[7][8]

Notable faculty

Notable faculty members of the School of Fine Arts of Casablanca:

Notable alumni

Notable alumni of the School of Fine Arts of Casablanca include:

References
  1. Irbouh, Hamid. (2013). Art in the Service of Colonialism : French Art Education in Morocco 1912-1966. I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-78076-036-0. OCLC 994563861.
  2. "Give us a swirl: How Mohamed Melehi became Morocco's modernist master". the Guardian. 2019-04-12. Retrieved 2021-04-21.
  3. Marcilhac, Félix; Majorelle, Jacques (1988). La vie et l'œuvre de Jacques Majorelle: 1886-1962 (in French). www.acr-edition.com. ISBN 978-2-86770-031-6.
  4. "Farid Belkahia, incubateur de modernité". Telquel.ma (in French). Retrieved 2020-07-03.
  5. "École des Beaux-Arts de Casablanca (1964–1970) - Articles – bauhaus imaginista". www.bauhaus-imaginista.org. Retrieved 2020-07-03.
  6. Benchemsi, R. (2001-03-01). "FARID BELKAHIA: Eroticism in Malhoun: Rajae Benchemsi". Nka Journal of Contemporary African Art. 2001 (13–14): 80–85. doi:10.1215/10757163-13-14-1-80. ISSN 1075-7163.
  7. Basciano, Oliver (2019-04-12). "Give us a swirl: How Mohamed Melehi became Morocco's modernist master". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-07-03.
  8. Jaggi, Maya. "Casablanca's Gift to Marrakech and the Birth of Morocco's Modern Art Movement | Maya Jaggi". The New York Review of Books. Retrieved 2023-01-16.
  9. "Malika Agueznay - Biography". Loft Art Gallery - Casablanca. Retrieved 2021-11-16.
  10. "الفنانة المغربية إكرام القباج تعرض منحوتاتها الجديدة بالدار البيضاء". bayanealyaoume (in Arabic). 2016-09-22. Retrieved 2020-07-03.
  11. Renard, Johanna (2013). "Majida Khattari". Archives of Women Artists, Research and Exhibitions (AWARE). Dictionnaire universel des créatrices. Retrieved 2021-04-16.
  12. "Prix national des arts plastiques (Maroc)". Wikipédia (in French). 2023-03-21. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
  13. "Rebel Spirit (artist)". Wikipedia. 2022-10-03. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
  14. "Biographie | Fatiha Zemmouri" (in French). Retrieved 2023-03-21.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.