Scleroderma bermudense

Scleroderma bermudense is a species of Basidiomycete fungi in the family Sclerodermataceae.[1] The species was first described by American botanist and mycologist, William Chambers Coker, in 1939.

Scleroderma bermudense
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Boletales
Family: Sclerodermataceae
Genus: Scleroderma
Species:
S. bermudense
Binomial name
Scleroderma bermudense
Coker (1939)

Range

The species is indigenous to Bermuda, the Bahamas, Barbados, the Virgin Islands, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico; the US state of Florida;[2] and the Mexican states of Guerrero, Acapulco, Quintana Roo, Veracruz, and Yucatan.[3] It has been introduced accidentally along with its host tree in various tropical regions, including French Guiana, Senegal, and Réunion. [4]

Habitat

Scleroderma bermudense is limited to the dune ecosystem of sandy beaches beneath its mycorrhizal host.[2]

Ecology

Scleroderma bermudense is a mycorrhizal fungus associated with the seagrape Coccoloba uvifera.[4] It has been found to alleviate salt uptake in seagrape seedlings,[5] thus facilitating the tree's ability to live on coastal beaches.

Etymology

The genus name comes from Greek sclero, meaning hard, and derma, meaning skin, and is the same as the name of a skin disease also characterized by hardened skin. The specific epithet bermudense refers to the type locality, Bermuda. This species does not have a common name in English.

Taxonomy

This species has previously been considered a synonym of Scleroderma stellatum, found in Brazil, but S. stellatum differs in having an echinulated peridium, which S. bermudensis lacks.[3]

Conservation Status

Scleroderma bermudense has been proposed for Endangered status under criteria A3c because its habitat is subject to sea level rise.[2]

References
  1. "Scleroderma bermudense". iNaturalist. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
  2. "Scleroderma bermudense Coker". International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
  3. Guzmán, Gastón; Cortés-Pérez, Alonso; Guzmán-Dávalos, Laura; Ramírez-Guillén, Florencia; Sánchez-Jácome, María del Refugio (2013). "An emendation of Scleroderma, new records, and review of the known species in Mexico". Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad. 84: S173–S191. doi:10.7550/rmb.31979.
  4. Séne, Seynabou; Selosse, Marc-André; Forget, Mathieu; Lambourdière, Josie; Cissé, Khoudia; Diédhiou, Abdala Gamby; Rivera-Ocasio, Elsie; Kodja, Hippolyte; Kameyama, Norikazu; Nara, Kazuhide; Vincenot, Lucie; Mansot, Jean-Louis; Weber, Jean; Roy, Mélanie; Sylla, Samba Ndao; Bâ, Amadou (2018). "A pantropically introduced tree is followed by specific ectomycorrhizal symbionts due to pseudo-vertical transmission". The ISME Journal. 12 (7): 1806–1816. doi:10.1038/s41396-018-0088-y. PMC 6018775. PMID 29535364. S2CID 256551273.
  5. Bandou, E.; Lebailly, F.; Muller, F.; Dulormne, M.; Toribio, A.; Chabrol, J.; Courtecuisse, R.; Plenchette, C.; Prin, Y.; Duponnois, R.; Thiao, M.; Sylla, S.; Dreyfus, B.; Bâ, A. M. (2006). "The ectomycorrhizal fungus Scleroderma bermudense alleviates salt stress in seagrape (Coccoloba uvifera L.) seedlings". Mycorrhiza. 16 (8): 559–565. doi:10.1007/s00572-006-0073-6. PMID 17033816. S2CID 26164752. Retrieved 2023-02-15.
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