Sestra flexata

Sestra flexata, also known as the common fern looper, is a species of moth in the family Geometridae.[3] This species is endemic to New Zealand.

Sestra flexata
Female
Male
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Geometridae
Genus: Sestra
Species:
S. flexata
Binomial name
Sestra flexata
(Walker, 1862)[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Cidaria flexata Walker, 1862

Taxonomy

S. flexata was first described by Francis Walker in 1862 using specimens collected either in Auckland by D. Bolton.[4] Walker originally named the species Cidaria flexata.[2] George Hudson discussed and illustrated this species in his 1928 book The butterflies and moths of New Zealand.[5] The male holotype is held at the Natural History Museum, London.[2]

Description

The pale yellow egg is cylindrical in shape.[6] The larva of this species is coloured dark brown and is 25 to 30 mm long when mature.[7] The larvae is approximately 1 to 1+14 inch long and is a brownish greenish colour with yellow tones underneath. Down its back is a brown line with two more lines down its sides. It also has a few black markings and a number of short bristles.[6]

Walker described the adult of this species as follows:

Female. Cinereous fawn-colour, ochraceous beneath. Palpi slender, very short, obliquely ascending. Abdomen yellowish. Forewings acute, subfalcate, with a blackish shade on nearly half the middle space and along the exterior border, which is distinctly angular. Hind wings yellowish, without markings; fore part of the exterior border slightly truncated. Length of the body 6 lines; of the wings 16 lines.[4]

Hudson described the adults of this species as follows:

The expansion of the wings is from 1+14 to 1+38 inches. The fore-wings are pale plum-colour; there is an indistinct, curved, brownish transverse line near the base; a straight dark brown line across the middle, and a curved series of brownish dots beyond the middle; the apex is pointed, and the termen has a strong projection a little above the middle. The hind-wings are ochreous, with a series of minute brownish dots across the middle.[5]

Distribution

This species is endemic to New Zealand.[1] This species is found throughout New Zealand including the North, South, Stewart and Chatham Islands.[6]

Host species

The larval hosts of this species are Pteris macilenta and Histiopteris incisa.[7] It has been collected by beating the latter fern.[6]

Behaviour

The older larvae of this species feed at night.[7] When disturbed the larva will drop to the ground.[7] Adults of this species pollinate Leptospermum scoparium.[8] The adult moths are nocturnal, are attracted to light and on the wing from September until March.[7][6]

References

  1. "NZOR Name Details - Sestra flexata (Walker, 1862)". www.nzor.org.nz. Retrieved 2022-04-29.
  2. John Stewart Dugdale (23 September 1988). "Lepidoptera - annotated catalogue, and keys to family-group taxa". Fauna of New Zealand. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. 14: 169. doi:10.7931/J2/FNZ.14. ISSN 0111-5383. Wikidata Q45083134.
  3. Gordon, Dennis P., ed. (2010). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: Kingdom animalia : chaetognatha, ecdysozoa, ichnofossils. Vol. 2. p. 460. ISBN 978-1-877257-93-3. OCLC 973607714. OL 25288394M. Wikidata Q45922947.
  4. Francis Walker (1862), List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part XXV. Geometrites (continued), London, p. 1421, Wikidata Q115202878{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  5. George Vernon Hudson (1928), The butterflies and moths of New Zealand, Illustrator: George Hudson, Wellington, p. 146, LCCN 88133764, OCLC 25449322, Wikidata Q58593286{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  6. David Edward Gaskin (1966). "The butterflies and common moths of New Zealand". New Zealand: 142–143. Wikidata Q115000559.
  7. Andrew Crowe (2004). Life-Size Guide to New Zealand Native Ferns: Featuring the unique caterpillars which feed on them. p. 19. ISBN 0-14-301924-4. Wikidata Q115211440.
  8. Richard B. Primack (July 1983). "Insect pollination in the New Zealand mountain flora". New Zealand Journal of Botany. 21 (3): 317–333. doi:10.1080/0028825X.1983.10428561. ISSN 0028-825X. Wikidata Q54669862.


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