Setkya Min

Maha Thiha Thura Dhammaraja (Burmese: မဟာသီဟသူရဓမ္မရာဇာ, Pali: Mahāsīhasūra dhammarājā; born Pe Khin; 27 October 1812 – 4 April 1839), commonly known as Setkya Min (Burmese: စကြာမင်း Chakravarti) or the Prince of Nyaungyan (Burmese: ညောင်ရမ်းမင်းသား), was an heir apparent of Burma[3] and son of King Bagyidaw and his consort Hsinbyume.[4][5] He is worshipped as a weizza along with Bo Bo Aung.[6]

Pe Khin
မောင်ဖေခင်
Statue of Setkya Min
Heir Apparent of Burma[2]
Prince of Nyaungyan
Reign1819 – 1837
SuccessorTharrawaddy Min
BornMaung Pe Khin
(1812-10-27)27 October 1812
Mingun
Died15 April 1838(1838-04-15) (aged 25)
Amarapura
SpouseShwetantin Princess
IssueMe Tin Gyi
Regnal name
Mahāsīhasūra Dhammarāja
HouseKonbaung
FatherBagyidaw
MotherHsinbyume
ReligionTheravada Buddhism

Life

Maung Pe Khin (မောင်ဖေခင်) was born on 27 October 1812 in Mingun, near Ava, to the Crown Prince of Sagaing (who later became King Bagyidaw) and Hsinbyume. Miraculous events were reported at his birth and his body was said to bear the signs of a future world emperor. King Bodawpaya, his great-grandfather, conferred the title of Thatoe Minhla Shwetaung on him, and gave him the status of Prince of Nyaungyan. His mother died seven days after giving birth.[5] He is recorded as having been very popular with the people and called by them Setkya Min. After Burma's defeat in the First Anglo-Burmese War, it was hoped that he would succeed his father on the throne, drive out the British, and usher in an era of prosperity for Burma and Buddhism.

Setkya Min married Shwetantin Princess, who gave birth to a daughter named Me Tin Gyi. Shwetantin Princess was a daughter of the Prince of Hlaing (a son of King Bodawpaya) and the Princess of Danubyu (a daughter of King Bodawpaya). Therefore, Setkya Prince and Shwetantin Princess were half-siblings.

When Bagyidaw was overthrown by his brother King Tharrawaddy, Setkya Min was executed on 15 April 1838. He was thrown into a river in a velvet sack - an execution method favored by Burmese royalty.[7]

Veneration
Setkya Min is a notable weizza

Many believed Setkya Min had not been drowned. They said that he had been miraculously rescued by the powerful weizza Bo Bo Aung, who brought him to a hidden sanctuary where he learned esoteric practices and eventually became a weizza himself.[8] Using his spiritual powers, Bo Bo Aung transported Setkya Min to the heaven where future kings are said to bide their time before returning to Earth.[9]

Anti-colonial movement

Setkya Min is associated with the anti-colonial movement in Burma. Throughout most of the colonial era, the figure of Setkya Min represented anti-colonial resistance, and a series of rebellions were led by people claiming to be this mysterious personage. After the British had annexed all of Burma and deposed the last Burmese king in 1885, these rebellions largely sought to restore the monarchy and the king to his role as the foremost promoter and supporter of the Buddha's Sasana.[4]

References
  1. Sivaraksa, Sulak (1993). Buddhist Perception for Desirable Societies in the Future: Papers Prepared for the United Nations University. Thai Inter-Religious Commission for Development, Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation.
  2. Sivaraksa, Sulak (1993). Buddhist Perception for Desirable Societies in the Future: Papers Prepared for the United Nations University. Thai Inter-Religious Commission for Development, Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation.
  3. Tarling, Nicholas; Nicholas, Tarling (1992). The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia: Volume 2, The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-35506-3.
  4. Crosby, Kate; Pranke, Patrick; Schober, Juliane; Foxeus, Niklas; Tosa, Keiko; Patton, Thomas; Coderey, Celine; Collins, Steven (14 May 2014). Champions of Buddhism: Weikza Cults in Contemporary Burma. NUS Press. ISBN 978-9971-69-780-8.
  5. Mendelson, E. Michael (1961). "A Messianic Buddhist Association in Upper Burma". Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London. 24 (3): 560–580. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00092235. JSTOR 609765. S2CID 161486634.
  6. "ဘိုးတော်ဘုရားအလွန် နှစ် ၂ဝဝ". BBC News (in Burmese). 19 June 2019.
  7. Pollak, Oliver B. (1979). Empires in Collision: Anglo-Burmese Relations in the Mid-nineteenth Century. Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-20824-9.
  8. Indo-British Review. Indo-British Historical Society. 1988.
  9. Ferguson, John P. (1981). Essays on Burma. Brill Archive. ISBN 978-90-04-06323-5.
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