Seven Sisters (magazines)

The Seven Sisters is a group of magazines that has traditionally been aimed at married women who are homemakers with husbands and children, rather than single and working women.[1] The name is derived from the Greek myth of the "seven sisters", also known as the Pleiades. A major force in 20th century American publishing, only three of the magazines are still published as physical magazines:

History

While all seven of the magazines were aimed at women, they all had divergent beginnings. Family Circle and Woman's Day were both originally conceived as circulars for grocery stores (Piggly Wiggly and A&P);[2] McCall's and Redbook were known for a text-heavy format focusing on quality fiction; Good Housekeeping was aimed at affluent housewives.[3] Ladies' Home Journal was originally a single-page supplement to a general interest magazine,[4] while Better Homes and Gardens began as a blending of woman's magazine and home design journal.[5]

Through the 1990s, in the face of declining readership and advertising revenue, the Seven Sisters attempted to differentiate themselves from each other and from the rest of the market, relying on either incremental tweaks to their formula or wholesale changes in the format of the magazine.[6] In recent years, the focus has been on minor changes, such as updating the visual appeal or improving the paper stock on which the magazine is printed.[7]

The Seven Sisters formerly had much larger circulation figures than at present. In 1979, their combined circulation was 45 million; that figure dropped to 37 million a decade later.[6] By 2008, the six surviving sisters had a combined circulation of 26 million.[8] Much of the loss has been attributed to readers seeking out more specialized magazines.[6] Despite the steep drop in readership, five of the sisters were among the top ten paid and verified circulation magazines in the United States in 2008, according to the Magazine Publishers of America, an industry trade group.[8] Redbook was the only one of the sisters that did not reach the top ten; it was ranked number 29 in the MPA list for 2008.[8]

McCall's ceased publication in 2002 after an ill-fated attempt to rebrand itself under the name Rosie by teaming up with talk-show host Rosie O'Donnell.[9] Ladies' Home Journal ceased monthly publication in April 2014. Publisher Meredith Corporation stated it would be "transitioning Ladies' Home Journal to a special interest publication". The last issue was in 2016.[10]

Hearst transitioned Redbook to a digital-only property in 2017. Meredith announced Family Circle published its last issue in December 2019.

After a wave of consolidation and mergers, two companies now own the three remaining sisters: Meredith Corporation publishes Better Homes and Gardens and Hearst Corporation publishes Good Housekeeping and Woman's Day.[11][12] While their circulation has slipped from their figures in the 1960s and 1970s, they are among the highest circulation magazines in the United States.[8]

Controversy

A sample of the top twelve selling women's magazines conducted by an intern at the Columbia Journalism Review in 1992 revealed that the Seven Sisters had published substantially fewer articles on the topic of abortion than other popular magazines oriented toward a female readership. Between 1972 and 1991, the Seven Sisters as a group published only 40 articles addressing abortion; the other five magazines had published 97 articles.[13]

In January 2000, a conservative media advocacy group, Morality in Media, criticized a number of women's magazines for what they deemed to be sexually explicit covers; Redbook was among the magazines cited by the group.[1] The editor-in-chief of Redbook told The New York Times, "We are trying to pull away from the rest of the Seven Sisters. We are moving it slightly younger, to fill that gap between the younger fashion magazines and the older, full-fledged Seven Sisters." As a consequence of its racier image, Wal-Mart began selling copies of Redbook from behind a blinder designed to obscure the text on the cover of the magazine.[14]

References
  1. Kuczynski, Alex (February 28, 2000). "Old-Line Women's Magazines Turn to Sex to Spice Up Their Sales". The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  2. "history of publishing". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 2009. Retrieved October 6, 2009.
  3. Brennan, Carol (January 29, 2002). "Good Housekeeping". St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  4. "The Press:Success Story". Time. June 19, 1933. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  5. Black, Brian (January 29, 2002). "Better Homes and Gardens". St. James Encyclopedia of Pop Culture. Retrieved October 8, 2009.
  6. Carmody, Dierdre (February 28, 2000). "Identity Crisis for 'Seven Sisters'". The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  7. Singhania, Lisa (February 11, 2003). "Women's magazines get new looks". Associated Press. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  8. "Average Total Paid & Verified Circulation for Top 100 ABC Magazines: 2008". Magazine Publishers of America. Archived from the original on March 24, 2010. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  9. Kuczynski, Alex (November 17, 2000). "McCall's Joins With Rosie In a Remake". The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  10. Behance. "Ladies' Home Journal". Behance. Retrieved 2020-04-04.
  11. Ortiz, Jen (June 1, 2011). "Hearst Officially Acquires Hachette Filapacchi Media". Business Insider. Retrieved August 7, 2011.
  12. Johnston, David Cay (May 25, 2005). "Bertelsmann to Exit U.S. Magazine Market". The New York Times. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
  13. Ballenger, Josephine (March–April 1992). "Uncovering Abortion". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on October 5, 2007. Retrieved September 29, 2009.
  14. Goodyear, Dana (July 7, 2003). "Too Sexy for This Store: Wal-Mart's strange decision to blackball Redbook". Slate. Archived from the original on May 23, 2007. Retrieved December 4, 2013.

Further reading
  • Blyth, Myrna (2004). Spin Sisters: How the Women of the Media Sell Unhappiness—and Liberalism—to the Women of America. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-31287-3.
  • Endres, Kathleen L., and Leuck, Therese L. (1995). Women's Periodicals in the United States: Consumer Magazines. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-28631-0.
  • Walker, Nancy A. (1998). Women's Magazines, 1940–1960: Gender Roles and the popular press. Palgrave MacMillan. ISBN 0-312-16382-7
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