Shamsuddin Muzaffar Shah

Sidi Badr, later known by his regnal name Shams ad-Dīn Muẓaffar Shāh (Persian: شمس الدین مظفر شاه, Bengali: শামসউদ্দীন মোজাফফর শাহ), was the Sultan of Bengal from 1490 to 1494. Described by the Indo-Persian historians as a tyrant, his cruelty was said to have alienated the nobles as well as his common subjects.[1]

Shamsuddin Muzaffar Shah
As-Sultan Azam Al-Adil al-Badil al-Fazil Ghawth al-Islam wa al-Muslimin Shams ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Abu an-Nasr Muzaffar Shah (The Great, Just, Pious, Generous Sultan, Helper of Islam and Muslims, Sun of the World and Religion, Patriarch of Triumph, Victorious King)
Sultan of Bengal
Reign1490-1494
PredecessorMahmud Shah II
SuccessorAlauddin Husain Shah
BornSidi Badr
Died1494
Bengal Sultanate
HouseHabshi
ReligionSunni Islam

Biography

Sidi Badr was born to a Muslim family of Habshi descent. Intending to takeover Bengal, he first killed Habash Khan, the regent of the young Sultan Mahmud Shah II, before proceeding to also kill the Sultan. Badr ascended the throne under the title of Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah.

He developed an army of 30,000 soldiers; recruiting thousands of Afghans and 5,000 Abyssinians.[2] In 896 AH (1490-1491 AD), he constructed a mosque in Gangarampur, adjacent to the Dargah of Makhdum Mawlana Ata. On 30 December 1492, his governor Khurshid Khan established a Jama Mosque near Nawabganj on the banks of the Mahananda River.[3] He defeated the Kamata Kingdom in battle and conquered their territory in the year 898 AH (1492-93 AD) and subsequently issued coins bearing Kamata Mardan 898.[4] On 2 July 1493, the Sultan constructed a building near the dargah of Nur Qutb Alam in Hazrat Pandua.[5]

In 1494, his wazir (chief minister) Sayyid Husain led a rebellion in which he was killed. Husain succeeded as Sultan, assuming the name Alauddin Husain Shah, and founded the Hussain Shahi dynasty of Bengal.[6] He also removed all Habshis from administrative posts, ending Habshi rule in Bengal. These Habshis eventually migrated to Gujarat and the Deccan.[7]

See also

References
  1. Majumdar, R.C. (ed.) (2006). The Delhi Sultanate, Mumbai: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, p.215
  2. Ibrahim, Muhammad (2012). "Rule of Afghans". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  3. Ahmad Hasan Dani. "Analysis of the Inscriptions". Asiatic Society Of Pakistan Vol-ii.
  4. Muhammad Rezaul Karim (2012). "Coins". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  5. Abdul Karim (2001). "Sufis and their influence". Social History of The Muslims in Bengal. p. 108.
  6. ABM Shamsuddin Ahmed (2012). "History". In Sirajul Islam; Miah, Sajahan; Khanam, Mahfuza; Ahmed, Sabbir (eds.). Banglapedia: the National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh (Online ed.). Dhaka, Bangladesh: Banglapedia Trust, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. ISBN 984-32-0576-6. OCLC 52727562. OL 30677644M. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
  7. "The African Diaspora in the Indian Ocean World". London School of Economics.
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