Shinpei Ogura

During this time, he held a number of academic and teaching positions, including at the Keijō Medical School (a predecessor to Seoul National University). He also taught Japanese to students and edited textbooks. By June 1919, his rank in the government was Vice-Chancellor.[2][4] While working in the colonial government, Ogura contributed to the development of a Korean dictionary, which was eventually published in 1920.[2]

Ogura travelled the peninsula and performed extensive research on the various Korean dialects, making him the first modern researcher to do so. While his interest in dialects was initially more of a hobby (he even used his own vacation time to make these trips), he eventually devoted more attention in it, as he saw studying texts alone as insufficient to deciphering hyangga.[4] He visited Jeju Island in 1912, Hwanghae Province in 1913, South Gyeongsang Province in 1915, North Gyeongsang Province in 1916, South Chungcheong and South Jeolla Province in 1918, South Hamgyong Province in 1920, North Jeolla and North Chungcheong Province in 1921, North Gyeongsang Province in 1922, and Gangwon Province in 1923.[2]

Throughout his surveys, he studied dialects at 259 points throughout the peninsula. He began at each regional county office and branched out from there. For much of this work, he traveled on horseback, as there was a significant lack of infrastructure in rural areas. The colonial government actively supported his research; he was assigned a police officer for protection when he worked in Jeju. The result of this work was around 40 papers on Korean dialects.[4]

During this time, he also studied old Korean books and documents. This includes his now famous research on hyangga in the 1920s, which he eventually published in 1929.[2] In 1927, he received a doctorate in literature, with his thesis on hyangga and idu.[2][4] His work in this area inspired the Korean academic Yang Ju-dong to research hyangga as well.[7]

From August 1924 to April 1926, he studied abroad in Europe as an overseas researcher and professor at an overseas branch of Keijō Imperial University.[2][4] Following this, he returned to Korea and was made a professor of linguistics at Keijō. There, he trained a number of Korean linguists. He also opened the first university library in Korea in 1926.[4] A significant number of the notable Korean linguists and librarians from around this period were his former students.[2][4][7]

In 1933, he was appointed professor of linguistics at Tokyo Imperial University, although he visited Korea annually to lecture. During this time, he continued publishing on Korean dialects. In 1935, he received an Imperial Prize of the Japan Academy for his contributions to East Asian linguistics and his exploration of the relationship between the Korean and Japanese languages.[2][7] In 1938, he served as the first vice president of the Linguistic Society of Japan.[2]

He retired in 1943 due to poor health, although he continued his research on Korean.[2][1][7] He died on February 8, 1944. At the time of his death, he had been in the final stages of preparing a book of his life's research. The book was subsequently posthumously published that May by one of his students, Shibata Takeshi (柴田武, 1918–2007). Many of the old books that he collected throughout his research are now held in the Ogura Collection at Tokyo University.[2][7]