Sky lobby

A sky lobby is an intermediate interchange floor in a skyscraper where people can change from an express elevator that stops only at the sky lobby to a local elevator that stops at a subset of higher floors.

The sky lobby in Central Plaza, Hong Kong

Early uses of the sky lobby include the original Twin Towers of the World Trade Center and 875 North Michigan Avenue in Chicago.[1]

Nearly 200 people were estimated to have been in the 78th floor sky lobby of the South Tower of the original World Trade Center when it was hit directly by United Airlines Flight 175, leaving only around a dozen who survived the impact and escaped the tower before it collapsed.[2][3]

One World Trade Center (Manhattan)

One World Trade Center is the tallest skyscraper in New York City. Like the original World Trade Center buildings it replaced, the new building has a sky lobby to reduce the amount of space devoted to elevators. The sky lobby is on the 64th floor; Each set of five to six stories is served by a separate bank of elevators. The elevators to the sky lobby, along with the ones used for the nonstop service to the 100th-floor One World Observatory, are the fastest in the Western Hemisphere. The observatory elevator transports passengers 100 floors in under one minute.[4]

875 North Michigan Avenue (Chicago)

The John Hancock Center's sky lobby on the 44th floor serves only the residential portion of the building that occupies 48 floors (floors 45–92). Three express elevators run from the residential lobby on the ground floor to the 44th floor, with all three of the elevators stopping at one of the parking garage levels.[5] At floor 44, residents transfer to two banks of three elevators. One bank serves 21 floors (floors 45–65) and the other serves 28 floors (floors 65–92). Although all six elevators stop at floor 65, this floor is roughly the same layout as the residential floors immediately above and below it. It is not a sky lobby because residents can also board elevators to higher floors at floor 44.[6]

The tower's 44th floor sky lobby includes a pool, gym, dry cleaner, convenience store, about 700 mailboxes, two "party" rooms, a sitting area overlooking Lake Michigan, a small library, a refuse room (with trash chutes emptying here), offices for the managers of the residential condominium,[7] and a polling station for residents during elections.

Floors above 92 are serviced by direct passenger elevators from the ground floor, and by two freight elevators that serve 55 floors (floors 44 to 98).[8]

Buildings with sky lobbies

The former World Trade Center, designed by Minoru Yamasaki, used sky lobbies, located on the 44th and 78th floors of each tower.
View from the sky lobby in the JPMorgan Chase Tower, Houston (the roof of TC Energy Center building is visible through the window)
The Nina Tower sky lobby
Building NameYearLocationFloors of sky lobby(s)
875 North Michigan Avenue1969Chicago, Illinois, United States44
30 Hudson Yards2019New York City, New York, United States35
One World Trade Center1972New York City, New York, United States44, 78
Two World Trade Center1973New York City, New York, United States44, 78
Willis Tower1973Chicago, Illinois, United States33/34, 66/67
NatWest Tower1980London, United Kingdom23/24
JPMorgan Chase Tower (Houston)1982Houston, Texas, United States60
Wells Fargo Plaza (Houston)1983Houston, Texas, United States34/35, 58/59
Williams Tower1983Houston, Texas, United States51
Columbia Center1985Seattle, Washington, United States40
Miami Tower1987Miami, Florida, United States11
Seattle Municipal Tower1990Seattle, Washington, United States40
Petronas Twin Towers1999Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia41/42
Izumi Garden Tower2002Tokyo, Japan
First World Hotel2008Genting Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia3, 8
Taipei 1012004Taipei, Taiwan35/36, 59/60
Shin Kong Life Tower1993Taipei, Taiwan16
Revenue Tower1990Wan Chai North, Hong Kong38
Immigration Tower1990Wan Chai North, Hong Kong38
Central Plaza1992Wan Chai North, Hong Kong46
The Center1998Central, Hong Kong42
Two International Finance Centre2003Central, Hong Kong33, 35, 55, 56
Bloomberg Tower2004New York City, New York, United States6, 20
Nina Tower2006Tsuen Wan, New Territories, Hong Kong41
One Island East2005Quarry Bay, Hong Kong36, 37
The Bow2007Calgary, Alberta, Canada18, 36, 58
Shanghai World Financial Center2008Shanghai, China28/29, 52/53
Burj Khalifa2010Dubai, United Arab Emirates43, 76, 123
200 West Street2009New York City, New York, United States11
International Commerce Centre2010West Kowloon, Hong Kong48/49, 88, 98/99
Jeddah Tower2020Jeddah, Saudi Arabia42/43, 75/76, 125/126[9]
One World Trade Center2014New York City, New York, United States64
Rosslyn Central Place Office Tower2016Arlington, Virginia, United States6
Lakhta Center2018Saint Petersburg, Russia29/30, 53/54
Australia 1082019Melbourne, Australia83, 84[10][11]
Wilshire Grand Tower2017Los Angeles, California, United States70
Shanghai Tower2015Shanghai, China22/23, 37/38, 52/53, 68/69, 101
Wuhan Greenland Center2018Wuhan, China25/26, 49/50, 70, 116/117
Tokyo Sky Tree2012Sumida, Tokyo, Japan4F, 350m
Abeno Harukas2014Osaka, Japan17/18, 19/20
Wisma 461996Jakarta, Indonesia46
Merdeka 1182021Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia40/41, 75/76
UOB Plaza Tower One1995Singapore, Singapore37–38
S2 Building EEPIS2015Surabaya, Indonesia1[12]
Abraj Al-Bait Clock Tower2012Makkah, Saudi ArabiaM2,[13] M4[14]
Plaza Tunjungan 52015Surabaya, Indonesia20
311 South Wacker Drive1990Chicago, Illinois, United States46
Djamaa el Djazaïr 2019 Algiers, Algeria 4

References

  1. "Otis History: The World Trade Center". Otis Elevator Company. Archived from the original on 2006-11-15. Retrieved 2006-12-07.
  2. Neal, Rome (2002-09-10). "A Sept. 11 Survivor's Tale". CBS News. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  3. Corbett, Glenn (2018-09-05). "How the Design of the World Trade Center Claimed Lives on 9/11". HISTORY. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
  4. "Fastest Elevators in the West Climb Tallest Skyscraper in the West". Scientific American. May 21, 2015. Retrieved January 30, 2020.
  5. "Residential Sky Lobby elevators". YouTube. January 1, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  6. "Residential Elevators at 875 N Michigan Ave". YouTube. January 1, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  7. "The John Hancock Center". Earl Reid. Retrieved 2008-01-07.
  8. "Residential Service elevators". YouTube. January 8, 2020. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  9. "Adrian Smith interview". WTTW. August 4, 2011. Retrieved 2011-08-07.
  10. "Six Star Hotel – Australia 108". Archived from the original on 2013-04-26. Retrieved 2013-03-19.
  11. "Rising high: 108-storey super tower planned for Melbourne". The West Australian. 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2013-03-19.
  12. This is not a ground floor, and in other building on EEPIS complex, this floor is known as 2nd floor.
  13. Used as the hotel lobby
  14. Used as the serviced apartments lobby
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