Société Congolaise de Banque

The Société Congolaise de Banque (also known as Socobanque), known from 1970 successively as Banque du Peuple (lit. 'Bank of the People'), Banque Zaïroise du Commerce Extérieur (lit. 'Zaire Bank for Foreign Trade'), and eventually Banque Congolaise du Commerce Extérieur (lit. 'Congolese Bank for Foreign Trade'), was a significant bank based in Léopoldville, then Kinshasa, Congo, from 1947 to 2002.

Overview

The Socobanque was established in 1947 by the Brussels-based Banque de Reports et de Dépôts (BRD) as its affiliate in the Belgian Congo.[1] It came under control of the Banque Lambert as the latter took over the BRD in 1953.

In 1961, Banque Lambert fostered the creation of the Geneva-based Société financière pour les pays d'outre-mer (SFOM) with the aim of pooling its shareholders' investments in Africa;{[2]: 6  together with Banque Lambert, SFOM's founders included France's Banque Nationale pour le Commerce et l'Industrie and its African subsidiary BNCI-Afrique, California-based Bank of America, and Milan-based Banca d'America e d'Italia, which in 1964 were joined by Germany's Commerzbank.[3] As a consequence, SFOM became the controlling shareholder of the Socobanque.

In 1970, following alleged tax irregularities, Socobanque was seized by the Congolese government,[4] subsequently renamed "Banque du Peuple", and eventually nationalized in 1978. By 1987, it was still among the top three banks in Zaire.[5]

The Socobanque / Banque du Peuple was later renamed Banque Zaïroise du Commerce Extérieur (BZCE), which after the country's renaming in 1997 was renamed Banque Congolaise du Commerce Extérieur (BCCE).[1] The BCCE was eventually liquidated in 2002.[6]

See also

Notes
  1. Guillain Ilanga Ekanga Bakoli Mp'o (2014). "Le système bancaire congolais: vue historico-panoramique, cadre analytique des données comparées et essor macroéconomique". Mémoire Online. University of Mbandaka.
  2. Anne-Myriam Dutrieue (2010), Le baron Léon Lambert, un banquier et financier belge d’envergure internationale du XXe siècle (PDF)
  3. "Rapport annuel 1964 de la Banque nationale pour le commerce et l'industrie". Le Monde. 16 June 1965.
  4. "Arrestation du directeur belge de la Socobanque". Le Monde. 21 November 1970.
  5. Staff Appraisal Report - Zaire - Small Enterprise Development Project (PDF), The World Bank, 3 April 1987, p. 13
  6. Réponse de la direction de la Banque à la demande d'examen du panel d'inspection du projet compétitivité et développement du secteur privé de la République Démocratique du Congo (Crédit n° 3815-RDC) (PDF), 2010, p. 8
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